The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700

Consolidated catalogue of 1695: The Book of the Principal of Brasenose College
Brent Nelson Editor Jon deTombe OCR, proofing, encoding Arthur MacGregor Transcription, translation and annotation for ArcheoPress publication
Transcription published by permission of the publisher.
Manuscript (fols. 252-286) transcribed, edited, and published in the book below as "LIBER DÕNI PRINCIPALIS COLL ÆNEI NASI; The Book of the Principal of Brasenose College," pp. 93-106.
Arthur MacGregor and Moira Hook, eds., with John Davies, Stephen Harris, Chris Howgego, Malgosia Nowak-Kemp, Philip Powell, Donald SykesManuscript Catalogues of the Early Museum Collections (Part II) The Vice-Chancellor’s Consolidated Catalogue 1695BAR International Series 1569OxfordArcheopress2006 Ashmolean Museum Ashmolean Manuscript The Vice-Chancellor’s Consolidated Catalogue of 1695, ff. 252-286
Catalogus Animalium quæ in Museo Ashmoleano conservantur Catalogue of the animals preserved in the Ashmolean Museum Numerus ille alter in Margine denotat quo signantur in novo Catalogo fact. 1756. The other number entered in the margin indicates those assigned in the new catalogue drawn up in 1756. Illa quibus nullus in Margine assignatur Numerus e Museo subducta sunt Cimelia, annuentibus V. Can. aliisque Curatoribus, ad ea Lustranda convocatis die Jan.ii. Octvo. Convocatis An: Dñi. 1755. Those items to which no number is assigned in the margin are withdrawn with the approval of the Vice-Chancellor and the other Visitors, who met on 8 January 1755 to examine them. Index Aviũ List of birds
1 Loxia Gesn. Aldr. The shellaple or Crosse-Bill. Willough. Edit. Anglic. p. 248. Tab. 44. Crossbill. The Loxia of Gessner and of Aldrovandi. Willughby 1678, p. 248, tab. 44.
2 Larus niger Gesn. Aldr. Tom. 30. pag. 81. Ein Brandvogel or Megvogelin Baltneri. The scare Crow of Y. shire. Will. p. 353. Black-backed Gull. The Larus niger of Gessner and of Aldrovandi 1599, bk. 30, p. 81; the Brandvogel or Megvogel of Baltner; The Scarecrow of Yorkshire. Willughby 1678, p. 353.
3 Fringilla omnium fere authorũ. Willough. p. 253 T. 45. Chaffinch. The Fringilla of almost every authority; Willughby 1678, p. 253, tab. 45.
4 Motacilla alba. Willough. p. 237. T. 42. White wagtail. Motacilla alba; Willughby 1678, p. 237, tab. 42. 253
5 Passer troglodites Aldr. Turnero et Bellonio perperam Regulus p. 229. T. 42. Wren. Passer troglodites of Aldrovandi. By Turner and Belon wrongly called the Regulus. Willughby 1678, p. 229, tab. 42.
Turdus viscivorus maj. Willoughb. The Miscle Thrush Mistle thrush. The greater Turdus viscivorus of Willughby 1678, p. 187, tab. 36.
6 Carduelis Will. p. 256. T. 46. Goldfinch. The Carduelis of Willughby 1678, pp. 256-7, tab. 46.
7 Rubecula s. Erithacus Aldr. Will. p. 219. T. 39. Robin. Rubecula or Erithracus of Aldrovandi. Willughby 1678, pp. 219-20, tab. 39.
8 Emberiza fl ava Gesn. Hortulanus Bellonij; Luteæ alterum genus Aldr. Chloreus s. Lutea Arist. Turneri. Willough. p. 268. T. 40. C The yellow Hammer. Yellowhammer. Emberiza flava of Gessner; Hortulanus of Belon; Lutea of another kind of Aldrovandi; the Chloreus or Aristotle's Lutea of Turner. Willughby 1678, p. 268, tab. 40.
9 Hirundo Apus Willugb. p. 214. T. 14. Martlet. Martlet. Hirundo apus of Willughby 1678, p. 214, tab. 14.
10 Linaria vulg. Willugb. p. 258. T. 46. Linnet. Linnet. Linaria vulgaris of Willughby 1678, p. 258, tab. 46.
11 Turdi Pilaris rostrum. Will. p. 188. T. 37. Fieldfare. Fieldfare. Beak of Turdus pilaris. Willughby 1678, p. 188, tab. 37
12 Tadorna Bellonij: Quibusdam Vulpanser Will 363. T. 71. Sheldrake. Shelduck. Tadorna of Belon; some kind of Vulpanser. Willughby 1678, p. 363, tab. 71.
13 Ead. quæ 2a. The same as no. 2.
14 Ispida, an Veterũ Alcyon? Willough. p. 146. T. 24. King fisher. Ispida, perhaps the Halcyon of the ancients. Willughby 1678, p. 146, tab. 24.
15 Turdus Iliacus s. Illas aut Tylas Will. p. 189. Red Wing. Redwing. Turdus iliacus, Illas or Tylas. Willughby 1678, p. 189.
16 Merganser Aldr. Harle Bellonij Willoug. p. 333. T. 64. Diver. Merganser of Aldrovandi, the Harle of Belon. Willughby 1678, p. 333, tab. 64. 254
17 & 18 Sturnus Willoug. p. 196. Tab.37/ Starling, The Sturnus of Willughby 1678, p. 196, tab. 37.
19 Corvus Aquaticus Will. 329. Aves hactenus dictas donavit Ds. Ent è C. Bal. Cormorant. Corvus aquaticus. Willughby 1678, p. 329, tab. 63. The birds up to this point have all been Given by Mr Ent of Balliol College.
20 Columbus, an major Aldr. Will. 339. T. 59. A[ ] neque Descriptio nec fig. huic nostræ per omnia convenit. An potius Columbus C. Podicipes cinereus Dni Johnson apud Willough. p. 340. T. 16.? A or Arsfoot. Grebe or Arsefoot. Perhaps the great crested grebe of Aldrovandi. Willughby 1678, p. 339, tab. 59. The description does not agree in all respects with this specimen of ours. Possibly the Colymbus podicipes cinereus of Mr Jonston, quoted in Willughby 1678, p. 340, tab. [61].
21 Columbus maximus caudatus Will. p. 341. max stellatus ejusdem T. 62. Mergus maximus Farrensis S.Arcticus Clusij. 44 Great Northern Diver. Willughby 1678, p. 341, tab. 61; the most heavily speckled of them, tab. 62; the Great Faroese or Arctic Merganser of Clusius.
22 Araracanga Marg. Will. p. iij. 45 Araracanga of Marcgrav. Willughby 1678, p. 111.
23 Penguinis. Anseris Magellanici Clusij spec. (ut nobis videtur) N.D. videtis Penguini descriptionem apd Will. 322. T. 65. An Colūbi spec? 46 Penguin or Magellanic Goose of Clusius (or so it seems to me). See the description of the Penguin in Willughby 1678, p. 322, tab. 65. Perhaps a type of Diver?
24 Otis Tarda avis Willoughbeij. 47 Bustard or Great Bustard. The Otis or Tarda of Willughby 1678, pp. 178-9, tab. 32.
25 Pica Marina seu fratercula Gesn. Aldr. Tom. 3°. p. 215. Anas Artica Clusij. Willoughby. p. 325 T. 65. Puffin. Pica marina or Fratercula of Gessner; Aldrovandi 1599, bk. iii, p. 215. The Anas arctica of Clusius. Willughby 1678, p. 325, tab. 65.
26 Onocrotalus s Pelicanus Aldr. Will. p. 327. T. 63. Jonst. p. 91. T. 46. Toubano Græcis modernis wheleri p. 304. 48 Pelican. Onocrotalus or Pelicanus of Aldrovandi; Willughby 1678, p. 327, tab. 63; Jonston 1657b, p. 91, tab. 46. The Toubano of modern-day Greece; Wheler, p. 304. 255
27 An ead. quæ. 21 Perhaps the same as 21.
28 An Columbus Arcticus Lumwe dictus Wormij? Will. p. 343. T. 62. Northern Diver. Perhaps the Columbus arcticus lumme of Worm. Willughby 1678, p. 343, tab. 62.
29 Gallus gallinaceus peregrinus Clusij Jonst. T. 56. p. 122. Cygnus Cucullatus Nierembergij, Avis Dronte Bontio Dodo Willugbeij. p. 153. T. 27. Dodo. Gallus gallinaceus peregrinus of Clusius. Jonston 1657b, p. 122, tab. 56. The Cygnus cucullatus of Nieremberg; the Avis dronte of Bont; the Dodo of Willughby 1678, p. 153, tab. 27.
30 Anser Bassanus Will. p. 342. T. 63. 50 Gannet. Anser bassanus. Willughby 1678, p. [328], tab. 63.
31 Ead. quæ. 21. 51 The same as no. 21.
32 Avis Paradisea s. manucodiata e majorib. Alis rubris, capite superne croceo inferius ex nigro viridi. N.D. Bird of Paradise. The Manucodiata of the greatest sort. Red wings, the head saffron above, shading below from black to green.
33 Columba Groenlandica Willougb. p. 326 Hanc suspicatur Ds. Willougb. esse Puffin et InsularũFarnensium. Tab. ult. Puffin. Columba groenlandica, Willughby 1678, p. 326. Believed by Mr Willughby to be a Puffin from the Farne Islands (see last plate).
34 Q[u]ia plumis prorsus denudata, quænam sit avis non constat, rostrum tamen aduncũfuisse e genererapacium ostendit. An Lanij spec. Exotica. [Specimens] quite devoid of feathers, no agreement on what species of bird; the hooked beak shows that it came from some kind of raptor. Perhaps some kind of Lanner. Exotic.
35 The Shear Water Will. 334. Tab. Ultima. Shearwater. Willughby 1678, p. 334, last plate.
36 An Skua Hojeri Will. 345. Tab. 67? Perhaps the Skua of Høyer. Willughby 1678, p. 34[8], tab. 67.
37 Lomwia Hojeri in Epist ad ClusiũWill. 324. T. 65. Guillemot. The Lomwia of Høyer, mentioned in a letter to Clusius. Willughby 1678, p. 324, tab. 65.
38 Anser Bassanus Willugb. p. 342. T. 63. Gannet. Anser bassanus. Willughby 1678, p. [328], tab. 63. 256
39 Anas Arctica Clusij. Ead. quæ. 25. 2 Puffin. Anas artica of Clusius. The same as 25.
40 An Phænicopteros Willugbeij p. 320. T. 60? Flamingo. Perhaps the Phoenicopter of Willughby 1678, p. 320, tab. 60.
41 Vespertilio Americana magnitudine fere anatis Andira guacu forte Brasiliensib. Pisonis p. 290. Hocanimal quamvis minus congrue avibus annumeretur, inpresentiarum tamen loco amovere non tanti duximus. 3American bat, almost the size of a duck. The Andira guacu, probably of Brazil, Piso 1658, bk. 5, p. 290. This animal, although not so appropriately, is included with 'Birds'. However for the present, we have thought it not worthwhile to remove it from its place.
42 Alka Hojeri in Epist ad Clusium Anglis septentrionalibus an Auk, Cornubiensibus a murre; Alicubi A Razor Bill. Will. p. 323. T. 65. 4, 5 Razorbill. The Alka, described in a letter from Høyer to Clusius. In northern England termed an Auk, in Cornwall a Murre, and elsewhere a Razorbill. Willughby 1678, p. 323, tab. 64-5.
43 Anseris Bassani rostrum. ve.38. Gannet. Beak of Anser bassanus. See no. 38.
44 Tlauhgechul Mexiocanis Francisci Hernandez Aiaia Bras. Marggr. Lusitanis Colherado Will. p. 289. Plateæ s. Pelicani Gesn. Spec. Spoonbill. Tlauhquechul mexiocanis of Francisco Hernandez; the Aiaia brasiliensis of Marcgrav; the Colherado of the Portuguese. Willughby 1678, p. 289. A variety of the Platea or Pelican of Gessner.
45 The shear-water of Sr. Tho. Brown. Ead. quæ. 35. The Shearwater of Sir Thomas Browne. The same as no. 35.
Avium tantum Rostra et Cruza supersunt, quæ sub Numeris Margine affixis invenias. Only the beaks and legs are left of those birds, the numbers of which which will be found in the margin. 257 Avium Exoticarum Rostra Beaks of exotic birds
46 Corvi Indici Cornutis Rhinocerotis Avis Bontij in Hist. Nat. et Med. Ind. Orientalis p. 63. Aldrov. Topau Willugbeij p. 127. Rhinocerotis Aldr. Caput Willugbeij T. XVII. Edit Ang. 1 Hornbill. Beak of the horned Corvus indicus or Rhinoceros Hornbill, Bont 1658, p. 63; the Topau or Rhinoceros Bird of Aldrovandi 1599; Willughby 1678, p.127; head in Willughby 1678, tab. 17, English edition.
47 Ejusdem 2 Another of the same.
48 Ejusdem generis rostrum aliud sed brevius an forsan minoris cujusdam Rhinocerotis avis speciei. 3 Another beak of the same type, but shorter; perhaps a smaller variety of this species of Rhinoceros Hornbill.
49 Avis Topau S. Rhinocerotis varietas prima Willugbeij T. 17. 4 Hornbill. Topau, Rhinoceros Hornbill of the first kind, in Willughby 1678, tab. 17.
50 Corvi Indici Bontij. p. 62 Willugbeij 126. 5 Corvi indici of Bont 1658, p. 62; Willughby 1678, p.126.
51 Rostrum Corvi Ind. Willugb. Tab. ultima. 6 Beak of a Corvus indicus. Willughby 1678, tab. 17.
52 Eadem Rostra The same sort of beaks.
53 Eadem Rostra Beaks of the same sort.
54 Ligneum an veri alicujus rostri simulachrum, an pro libitu confictum, non constat. Qui hactenus scripserunt Orniothologi nullam avem hujusmodo rostro donatam exhibent. 9 It is not agreed whether this is the wooden model of some actual beak or whether it was fashioned at a whim. None of the ornithologists who have written so far have described any bird with a beak of this kind.
55. 56. 57. 58 Rostra Onocrotali S. Pelicani Aldr Willug. p. 327. T. 46. 10.11.12.13. Beaks of Onocrotalos or Pelican of Aldrovandi. Willughby 1678, p. 327, tab. [63].
59 Primæ varietatis Rhinocerotis avis apud Willughbeiũ T. 17 Mandibula inferior. 14 Lower beak of the first variety of Rhinoceros Hornbill cited in Willoughby 1678, tab. 17.
60 Rhinocerotis avis superioris mandibulæ pars anterior. 15 Front part of the upper beak of a Rhinoceros Hornbill. 258
61 Mandibula superior Corvi fortassis Indici N.D. per longitudinem sulcata. 16 Upper beak, perhaps from a Corvus indicus ; with a longitudinal groove.
62 Head of an Indian stork M.S.R. p. 64. T. 5. 17 Grew 1681, p. 64, tab. 5.
63 Head of an Indian Heron. M.S.R. p. 63. T. 5. 18 Grew 1681, p. 63, tab. 5.
64 An Rostrum Maguari Bras. Marggr. Willug. Ornithol. p. 287? Ciconiæ Spec. 19 I am inclined to think this the beak of a Brazilian Maguari ; a type of Stork. [Piso and] Markgraf 1091, [p. 204]; Willughby 1678, p. 287.
65 Rostrum Guaraunæ Pisonis p. 91. 20 Beak of Piso's Guarauna. Willughby 1678, [p. 292, tab. 53].
66. 67 Guaraunæ itidem rostrum, at forte non ejusdē speciei. 21. 22. Another Beak of a Guarauna, though perhaps not from the same species.
68 Deest. Missing
69. 70 Guaraunæ avis mandibulæ inferioris. 23. 24 Lower beaks of the Guarauna.
71. 72 Rostra Tlauhgechul MexiocanorũFranc. Hernandez Aiaiæ Bras. Margr. Will. p. 289. Lusitanis Brasiliæ incolis Colherado Plateæ s Pelicani Gesn. Spec. 25. 26 Beaks of the Mexican Tlauhquechul of Hernandez [1651]; the Brazilian Aiaia of [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, p. 204, and Willughby 1678, p. 289. The Portuguese inhabitants of Brazil call them Colherado plateae; a species of the Spoonbill or Pelican of Gessner.
73 Plateæ s Pelicani Gesn. Leucorodijs [sive] Albardeolæ [Aldrovandi] Lepelaer Belgarum. Willugby. p. 288. T. 52. 27 Spoonbill. The Platea or Pelicanus of Gessner; the Leucorodius or Albardeola of Aldrovandi; the Lepelaer of the Dutch. Willughby 1678, p. 288, tab. 52.
74 Rostrum cujusdam avis exoticæ, quam nondũ descriptam suspicamus, figuræ est admodum obsoletæ,mempe ad latera compressũ, adeo ut gladioli mucronem omnino referat; 3 dig. longum, colores ad basin unicæ dimidiæ spacio 28 Beak of some sort of exotic bird, which, we believe, has not yet been described; it appears quite worn, and is narrowed laterally to the degree that it recalls the point of a little sword; it is 3 inches long, white in colour at its base and for half its length. 259
75 Caput et rostrum avis Emeu vulgo Casoaris Bontij p. 71. Willoughby p. 151. T. 25. 29 Head and beak of the Emu, commonly called Cassowary. Bont 1658, p. 71; Willughby 1678, p. 151, tab 25.
76 Rostrum avis Americanæ Albitros dictæ M.R.S. T. 6. p. 73. See Ligons Hist. Of Barbados p. 61. AnCygno cucullato congener ? rostrũenim utriusque consimile. 30 Beak of a bird from the Americas called Albatross. Grew 1681, p. 73, tab. 6; see also Ligon 1657, p. 61. Perhaps related to the Cygnus cucullatus of Nieremberg 1635, p. 232, for the beak of each is similar.
77 Idem. 31 The same.
78 Ignotum. 32 Unknown.
79 Alkæ cujusdam. N.D. Rostrùmve p. 323. Witt. 33 Beak of some kind of Razorbill. Willughby 1678, p. 323.
80 Monocerotis avis alicujus caput cornutũNum e genere gallinaceo. 34 Head of some kind of Rhinoceros Hornbill, if not some sort of gallinaceus species.
81. 82. 83. Rostra Toucan Marggr. et aliorũquorundam xochitenacatl. Mexiocanis Nieremb. Pica BrasilicaAldr. L.12.C.19. Willoughby p. 128 T. 20. Picis Martijs annumerat Ds Ray. 35. 36. 37 Beaks of the Toucan of [Piso and] Markgraf, called by others the Mexican Xochitenacatl of Nieremberg [1635, pp. 208-9], the Brazilian Pica of Aldrovandi 1599, pp. 801-3; Willughby 1678, p. 128, tab. 20. Mr Ray assigns it to the 'warlike pies'.
84 Idem ad margines minimè serratum, colore superius ocroleuco, cælerùm e castaneo fusco. An diversæa priore speciei rostrum, an potius sexu, vel ætate discrepantis? 38 The same, slightly serrated at the edges, whitish yellow above, blue and dark chestnut-coloured. Either a beak of a different species from that above or different from it because of sex or age.
85 Rostrum avis Toucan anthracinũ, brevius ad verticem nonnihil compressum. Nullus dubito quin [-] rostrum sit avis a prioribus distinctæ. 39 Beak of a Black Toucan, shorter and somewhat narrower at the tip. Doubtless it is the beak of different bird from those described earlier. 260
86 Picæ Bras. Aldr. Mandibula inferior. 40 Lower beak of the Brazilian Toucan of Aldrovandi.
87. 88. 89. Mandibulæ superiores Aracari Brasil Pisonis p. 92. Aracari Marggr. Xochitenactl altera Nierembergij Willough. p. 140. T. 22. Flemming of Suranam M.S.R. p. 60. 41. 42. 43 Upper beaks of the Brazilian Toucan, the Aracari of Piso (1658, bk. 3, p. 92) and [Piso and] Markgraf [1648, p. 217]; the Xochitenacatl of Nieremberg [1635, pp. 208-9]; Willughby 1678, p.140, tab. 22; Flemming of Surinam, Grew 1681, p. 60. Aviũ Exoticarum crurza cũ Unguib Legs of exotic birds, with claws
90 Crus cum unguibus Pygargi, Albicallæ S. Hinnulariæ Willugb. p. 61. An Crysaetos Gesn. Will. T. 1ma56 Leg of the White-tailed Eagle, with claws. The Pygargus, Albicilla or Hinnularia of Willughby 1678, p. 61; perhaps the Crysaetos of Gessner. Willughby 1678, tab. 1.
91. 92. 93. 94. 95 Ungues varij rapacium aviũmajorũ, sed quarum nobis non constat. 57 Claws of various larger raptors, but of which we cannot agree.
96 Ungues avis Exoticæ e genere gallinaceo. 58 Claws of an exotic bird of gallinaceous type.
97 Os cruris cum unguibus avis Emeu vulgo Casoaris Bontij p. 71. Willugb. 151. T. 25. An forsan Nhandu guacu Bras. Marg. Willoughb. p. 150. 60. 61 Leg bone of the Emu, with claws; commonly called the Cassowary. Bont 1658, p. 71; Willughby 1678, p. 151, tab. 25; or perhaps the Brazilian Nhanduguacu of [Piso and] Markgaf 1648, p. 190: see Willughby 1678, p. 150.
98. 99 Ignota. Unknown.
100 Os cruris Struthio cameli Willugb. 149. T. 25. [62] Leg bone of the Ostrich, Willughby 1678, p. 149, tab. 25.
101. 102. 103 Aviculæ cujusdã Ind. Nidi e ramis arborum Pensiles. Idem forsan cujus meminit Willugbeius T. 77. Consule etiam M.R.S. T. 6. 1. 2. 3 Nests of some sort of small Indian birds, suspended from branches. Probably the same as those mentioned by Willughby 1678, tab. 77 and considered also by Grew 1681, tab. 6.
104 An Vespetũquoddam ex India Occidentali? 4 Probably some sort of Bat from the West Indies.
105 Ignotum. 5 Unknown. 261 Avium et Quadrupediũ Ova Eggs of birds and quadrupeds
1. 2. 3. 4. 5 Ova Struthiocameli Willough. p. 149 Tab. 25. 5. d Ostrich eggs. Willughby 1678, p. 149, tab. 25.
6 Ovum Casoaris S. Emeu Clusij. Willough. 151. T. 25. Bont. 71. 6. d. Egg of the Cassowary or Emu of Clusius. Willughby 1678, p. 151, tab. 25; Bont 1658, p. 71.
7 Ovum Struthionis forte Americanæ Nhanduguacu Pisonis p. 84. Ostrich egg, probably the American Nhanduguacu of [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, p. 84.
8 Ovum Olorinum. Mute Swan's egg.
9 Ova Anseris Bassani Will. 342. T. 63. Gannet's egg. Willughby 1678, p. 342, tab. 63.
10 Pro Galli ovo acceptum. Believed to be a Hen's egg.
11 Tatu Apara s. Armadilho Pisonis p. 100. Inter quadrupeda locari debet. num. 45. 37 Tatu apara or Armadillo of Piso 1658, bk. 3, p. 100. Placed among the quadrupeds. In Scrinio Dni. Dris. Plot ubi Cochleæ Insecta et Numismata asservantur In Dr Plot's cabinet, where the shells, insects and coins are kept
Ova Lomwiæ Hojeri. 7. Egg of the Guillemot or Lomwia of Høyer.
Ova Alkæ Hojeri. 5. Egg of the Razorbill or Alka of Høyer.
Ovum Testudinis rotundum. Ex dono Dñi Gul. Charleton e Med. Temp. Lond. Rounded Tortoise egg. The gift of Mr William Charleton of Middle Temple, London. 262 Insecta quædam Exotica &c. Insects, including exotics etc.
1 Taurus volans maximus anthracinus. The largest kind of Flying Bull-chafer Beetle, blackish.
2 Idem. The same.
3 An Nasicornis triceros minor. M.R.S.? Perhaps a Rhinoceros Beetle. Grew 1681.
4 Cervus volans atrorubens. Stag Beetle, dark red.
5 Scarabæus Nasicornis olivaceus, corniculo dorso tomentoso antrorsum refl exo. Rhinoceros Beetle, greenish, its small horn covered with matted hairs, bent towards the back.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10 Cervorum volantium capita. Heads of Stag Beetles.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17 Gogleyed Beetles M.S.R. T. 13. Goggle-eyed beetles, Grew 1681, tab. 13.
18 Scarabæus s. potius Carabus guttatus colore viridi, lucido. Beetle, or it might be Cray fish, spotted in a bright green colour.
22. 23. 24 . An Congener Tauri volantis Brasiliensium Joh[n]ston. Pag. 75? T. XV. Similar to the Flying Bull-chafer of Brazil. Johnston 1653, p. 75, tab. 15.
45 Nocoonaca M.R.S. p. 163. T. 13. It's so call'd in ye West India. Nocoonaca. Grew 1681, tab. 13.
46 Grytalpa Moufeti Jonst. p. 66. Sphondylus Cordi Buprestis vera Dodonai. Moufet's Grytalpa; see Jonston 1653, p. 66. The true Sphondylus cordi buprestis of Dodonoaeus. 263
50 An Scolopendra max. terrestris Jonst. T. 23? Perhaps the Scolopendra maxima terrestris of Jonston 1653, tab. 23.
53 Vde Johnstonũ Tab. 24. See Jonston 1653, tab. 24. 264 Quadrupedia cum Vivipara, tum Ovipara Terrestia, Aquatica, Amphibia; eorumque partes Quadrupeds, both viviparous and oviparous; terrestrial aquatic and amphibious; together with parts of them
Hæc quemadmodum et Aves et Insecta, quia admodum pauca sunt; in methodum revocare, minus necessarium duximus; quare eo ordine quo iam collocantur,impræsentiarum recensebimus. These also, as well as the birds and insects, because they are few in number, we thought less necessary to put back in their proper order; for this reason we shall review them for the time being in the order in which they are now placed.
1 Lutra: Jonst p. 104. T. 68. 1 Otter. Jonston 1657a, p. 104, tab. 68.
2 Aì erectus maj. Pisonis. p. 322. Ignavus Jonst. p. 101. Pirilloligero. i.e. Canicula agilis per antiphrasimLusitanis: Canda Manet 3 The greater Aì erectus of Piso 1658, p. 322; the Ignavus of Jonston 1657a, p. 101. i.e. Canicula agilis, by a reversal of meaning the Portuguese call it a Nimble Dog-fish (or Shark)
3 A Devill shock from New England. 2
4 Cauda Elephantina. Jonst. p. 17. T. 7.8.9. 4 Elephant's tail. Jonston 1657a, p. 17, tabs. 7-9.
5 Crus cum Ungulis animalis e genere cervino; An Alcis S. Elend Germanorum Jonst. p. 65. T. 31? Leg with hoof of an animal of the deer family. Perhaps the Elk or Elend of the Germans, Jonston 1657a, p. 65, tab. 31.
6. 7 Cow's Tails from Arabia Mus. Tradescat. p. 7. Tail of an Indian Cow, M.S.R. The male is call'd Bonasus. The Cow's sayd to be worship'd by those yt live near ye River Ganges.5. 6 Tradescant 1656, p. 7; Grew 1681. 265
8 Priapus Balenæ. 134. 135 Whale's penis.
9. 10 Vitulus maris Oceani Rond. p. 458 7. 8 Seal of Rondelet 1555, p. 458.
11 Wild Cat from Virginia Mus. Tradesc. p. 5. 9 Tradescant 1656, p. 5.
12 Virginia fox. Ibid. 10 Tradescant 1656, p. 5.
13 An Carigueija Bras. Jonst. T. 63? 11 Perhaps a Brazilian Carigueija. Jonston 1657a, tab. 63.
14 Ungula Alcis trisulca. Hoof of a three-toed Elk.
15. 16. 17 Crocodilus p. 232. Crocodilus qui per totam Indiam Cayman audit Bontij p. 55. Jacarè S. Crocodilus Pisoni p. 282. Jonston. p. 141. T. 79 30. 31. 32 Crocodile, known all over the Indies as Cayman, according to Bont 1658, p. 55. The Jacarè or Crocodilus of Piso 1658, p. 282. Jonston 1657a, p. 141, tab. 79.
18 Lacertus Indicus e majorib. Quatuor in dorso fascijs, ex albis maculis majusculis insignitus. 12 Indian Lizard of the largest kind, distinguishable by the four bands on its back and by fairly large white spots.
19. 20. 21. 22 Idem cum priore 13. 14. 15. 16 The same as the previous.
23 Crocodilus max. A Crocodile of the largest kind.
24 Lacertus squamis majusculis, capite testudinis [-] 17 Lizard with rather large scales, with the head of a tortoise.
25 Lacertus viridis, Liguro Bononiensib. Jonst. T. [-66] 76. 18 Green Lizard, from Bologna in Liguria. Jonston 1657a, tab. 76.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31 Senembi Brasiliensibus Jonst. p. 135. T. 77. Senembi Brasiliensibus nobis Igvana, Cameliaon Lusitanis falso et falsissimè Belgis Legvan Marggravij. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24 Brazilian Senembi, known to us as the Iguana. Wrongly called the Chameleon in Portuguese and most erroneously amongst the Dutch as the Legvan of Markgraf. Jonston 1657a, p. 135, tab. 77. 266
32 Lacertus Indicus squamosus Bontij pag. 60. In sylvis Javanensibus. 25 Indian Scaly Lizard. The Lacertus indicus squamosus of Bont 1658, p. 60; [found] in the forests of Java.
33 Ejusdem Lacerti Indici exuvium. 26 Shed skin (slough) of the same lizard.
34 Cauda Castorea Rond de Amphibijs p. 236. Jonst T. 68. p. 102. 27 Beaver's tail. Rondelet 1555, p. 236; Jonston 1657a, p. 102, tab. 68.
35 Lacertus cæruleus e minoribus. 28 Blue Lizard of the smallest type.
36 Chamæleon cinereus verus Jonst. T. 79. p. 104. 29 A genuine ash-coloured Chameleon. Jonston 1657a, p. 140, tab. 79.
38 Mandibula superior Baby-roussæ Pisonis apud Bontiũ; p. 61. Skull of ye horned Hog. M.R.S. pag. 27. 38 Upper jaw of the Babyroussa of Piso, cited in Bont 1658, p. 61. Skull of the Horned Hog. Grew 1681, p. 27.
39 Cranium ejusdem animalis M.R.S. T. 1 p. 27. 39 Skull of the same animal. Grew 1681, p. 27, tab. 1.
40 Ejusdem mandibula inferior. 40 Lower jaw of the same.
* Dens apri cujusdam. An potius Baby-roussæ? Ex dono Cl. V. E. Pocockij S.T.P. 41 Tooth of some sort of hog; possibly a Babyroussa. Given by that learned man, Revd Edward Pococke.
41 Ignotum. Unknown.
42 Tatu seu Armadillo Johnstonij Tab. 62. p.120 Tatu porcinus M.S.R. p. 18. 33 Tatu or Armadillo. Jonston 1657a, p. 120, tab. 62; The Hog-tatu of Grew 1681, p. 18.
43 Ejusdem Armadillo (seu Echini Brasiliani) exuvium sed majoris. Versatur in uliginosis lacubus.Nierembergius. 34 Shed skin of the same kind of Armadillo (or Brazilian Hedgehog), but larger. Lives around marshy lakes: see Nieremberg.
44 Tatu Mustelinus M.S.R. p. 19. T. 1a./Apara. 35 Weasel-hog. Tatu Mustelinus of Grew 1681, p. 19, tab. 1. An Apara.
45 Tatu Apara Bras. Jonst. T. 63. Tatu S. Armadilho Pisonis p. 100. Tatu alter inter Ova not. ii. 36. 37 Brazilian Tatu apara: Jonston 1657a, tab. 63. Tatu or Armadillo of Piso [and Markgraf] 1658, bk. 3, p. 100. Another Tatu is recorded amongst the eggs. 267
46. 47 An piscium quorundam cetaceorum mandibulæ. 42 Perhaps the jawbones of some kind of fish or of some cetacean.
48 Mandibula cujusdam Acus Indicæ, aut forte Indis S. Sphyrænæ cetaceæ magnitudinis. Qd.? 43 Jawbone. Some sort of Indian Needle-fish, or probably a Sphyraena from the Indies, the size of a whale.
49. 50 Dentes Hippopotami. Jonst. p. 76. T. 49. M.R.S. T 2. 44 Hippoptamus teeth. Jonston 1657a, p. 76, tab. 49; Grew 1681, tab. 2.
51 Dens quadrupedis marini e genere PhocarũAnglis et Russis Wallrus alijs Mors, Danis et Islandis Rosmarus dict. Wormius p. 289 Jonst.159. T. 44. 45 Tooth of a marine quadruped of the Seal type called a Walrus by the English and Russians, a Morse by some others, and a Rosmarus by the Danes and Icelanders. Worm 1655, p. 289; Jonston 1650b, p. 159, tab. 44.
52. 53 [-Ignota Dens] equæ marinæ. 46 [Tooth of a] Sea horse [walrus].
54. 55 [-Ve] 51. [-] Dentes equæ Marinæ. 47 a. b Teeth of a sea-horse [walrus].
56. 57 Dentes Hippopotami interiores. 48 Cheek-teeth of Hippopotamus.
58 Cornua Ibicis fæminæ Bellonio. 72 Horns of a female Ibex of Belon.
59. 60 Cornua Capræ Sylvestris Jonstoni T.12. An fortasse potius arte elaborata, quam genuina cujusvis animalis cornua? 73/4 Horns of a wild Goat. Jonston 1657a, tab. 12. Or perhaps they may have been artificially fashioned rather than being the genuine horns of some real animal.
61 Cornua Capræ Lybicæ Jonstoni T. 25. Eadē fortè quæ Dama Veterum. Jonst. T. 27. 76 Horns of a Scimitar Oryx. Jonston 1657a, tab. 25. The same sort, perhaps, as the antelope of our ancestors. Jonston 1657a, tab. 27.
62 Cornua Hirci Hispanici. 75 Horns of Spanish Goats.
63 Cornua Ibicis Jonstoni T. 25. p. 53. Germanis Steinbock q.d. Rupicapra. 77 Ibex horns. Jonston 1657a, tab. 25. Known to the Germans as Steinbock.
64 Cornua cervina at cujus speciei nobis non constat. 78 Antlers of a Stag, though of which species is uncertain. 268
65 Cornu Capræ strepsicerotis Jonst. T. 24. p. 38. subtitulo Bovis strepsicerotis. 104 Horn of a Goat with twisted horns. See Jonston 1657a, p. 38, tab. 24, under the title Bovis strephicerotis.
66 Cornu Arietis 4na. 79 Four Rams' horns.
67 Maxilla ovinæ. Qd.? 49 Sheeps' jaw-bones.
68 Maxilla Tigridis superior. Bontius p. 52. 53. 50 Upper jaw of a Tiger. Bont 1658, pp. 52-3.
69 Ejusdem maxilla inferior. Lower jaw of the same.
70 Ignotum. 51 Unknown.
71. 72 Dentes s. potius Cornua Babyroussæ Pisonis apd Bontium p. 61. Horned Hog. M.R.S. p. 27. T1. 83. 84 Teeth or more likely the horns of the Babyroussa of Piso, cited in Bont 1658, bk. 5, p. 61. Horned Hog, Grew 1681, p. 27, tab. 1
73 Ignotum. 52 Unknown.
74 An Dens Rhinocerotis? 53 Perhaps a Rhinoceros tooth.
75 Pes Canis Guiacensis Mus. Trad. p. 5. d Foot of a Guinea-dog. Tradescant 1656, p. 5
76 Ignotum. 54 Unknown.
77 Part of ye Ear-bone of a Whale M.R.S. p. 82. 55 Whale. Grew 1681, p. 82.
78 Idem. 56 The same.
79 Ignotum. 57 Unknown.
80. 81 Crania Elephantina Jonst. pag.17. Tab. 7. 8. 9. Skull of an Elephant. Jonston 1657a, p. 17, tab. 7-9.
82 Dens molaris Elephantis. Molar tooth of an Elephant.
83. 84 Mandibulæ Hippopotami inferiores Jonst p. 76. T. 49. M.R.S. T. 2. 124 Lower jaws of a Hippopotamus. Jonston 1657a, p. 76, tab. 49; Grew 1681, tab. 2. 269
85 Ejusdem Mandibula superior. 125 Upper jaw of the same.
85a Ejusdem Cranium. Skull of the same.
85b Ejusdem Cranium, ad Museum Ashmol. adlatum Mensis Julii 15°A.D.1743. Skull of the same, deposited with the Ashmolean Museum, 15 July 1743.
86 An Mandibula superior Rhinocerotis? Bont. p. 50. &c. Javanensibus Abadæ. Jonst. Rond. Perhaps the upper jaw of a Rhinoceros, Bont 1658, p. 50. The Abada of Java. Jonston 1657a, p. 66, tab. 38.
87 Cornu rhinocerotis. 105.b. Horn of the Rhinoceros.
88 Rostrum serræ piscis; Pristis Rond. p. 487. 66 Snout of a Saw-fish; the Pristis of Rondelet 1555, p. 487.
89. 90. 91. 92 Eadem Rostra. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71 Snouts of the same
93 Cornu Cervi mirabilis Jonst. Tab. 36. 107 Curious antler of a stag. Jonston 1657a, tab. 36.
94 Cornu Cervi monstrosum. 109 Deformed antler of a stag.
95 Corno di Alce Moscardi p. 237. Antler of the Elk of Moscardo, 1672, p. 237.
96 Cornu Alcis maris Jonstonij T. 31. 105a Antler of the Water-elk. Jonston 1657a, tab. 31.
97 Cornu Alcis varietas altera. 108 Antler of another sort of Elk.
98. 99 Cornua Rhinocerotis. v.86. 106 Rhinoceros horn. See no. 86.
100 Costa Balænæ. Rib of a Whale.
101 Testudo corticata Rond. p. 445. Testudo Aquatica Jonst. de Quadrupedibus. Tab. Ult. The Barked Turtle of Rondelet 1554, p. 445. Marine Turtle of Jonston 1657a, tab. 80.
102 Testudo e majoribus dorso præter cæteras depresso et lævi &c. Tortoise of the largest kind, with the shell flattened more than the others and smooth.
103 Testudo corticata Rond. Barked Turtle of Rondelet.
104 Testudo e maximis marina, Indica. The Indian Turtle, from the largest of that marine species.
105 A Round bone of a whale. M.R.S. 82. 129 Grew 1681, p. 82. 270
106 Pellis Leonis Africani Jonst. p. 77. Tab. 50. 51. 138 Skin of an African Lion. Jonston 1657a, p. 77, tab. 50-1.
107 Priapus Balenæ Rond. p. 482. et 475. Jonst. pag.151. &c. T. 41. Willoughby.35. 38. 134.135 Whale's penis. Rondelet, 1555, p. 482, 475. Jonston 1650b, p. [215], tab. 41. Willughby 1686, pp. 35, 38.
108 Pellis Zebræ Indicæ p. 15. T. 5. Jonst. 136 Skin of the Indian Zebra. Jonston 1657a, p. 15, tab. 5.
109 A Sow's head from Surat. Museũ Tradesc. pag. 7 An Tajaüú Pisonis p. 98. 114 Tradescant 1656, p. 7; perhaps the Taiaüu of Piso 1658, bk. 3, p. 98.
110 No Latin original A Doe's head and horns from St. James Park near London Mus. Tradesc. p. 7. Tradescant 1656, p. 7.
111 Histrix Jonstonij p. 119 T. 68. Porcupine of Jonston 1657a, p. [171], tab. 68.
112 Cornua Cervi palmati Jonst. T. 37. p. 63. 80 Antlers of, perhaps, a Fallow Deer. Jonston 1657a, p. 63, tab. 37.
113 Priapus Hippopotami Jonst. p. 76. T. 49. 58 Hippopotamus penis. Jonston 1657a, p. 76, tab. 49.
114 Cornua Cervi Groenlandici Mus. Trad. p. 7. 82 Antlers of Greenland Deer. Tradescant 1656, p. 7.
115 Indian Goats Horns Ibid. 81 Tradescant 1656, p. 7.
116 Horn of ye Tuck-fish M.R.S. pag. 86. 112 Grew 1681, p. 86.
117. 118 –
119 –
120 Priapus Hippopotami Jonst. T. 37 p. 63. 59 Hippopotamus penis. Jonston 1657a, p. 63, tab. 37.
121 Horns of a Roebuck from Cape de Verde Mus. Tradesc. p. 7. 93 Tradescant 1656, p. 7.
122 Cornua Capreoli Jonst. Tab. 33. Antlers of a Roe Deer. Jonston 1657, tab. 33. 271
123. 124 Cornua Capreoli marini Jonst. Sed quare marinum vocat? Antlers of of a Water Deer. Jonston 1657 (but why does he call it marine?).
125 A Buck's horn double branch'd Mus. Trad. p. 7. 95 Tradescant 1656, p. 7.
126. 127 Cornua Bisontis Jonst. Tab. 16. Nũ.1. p. 36. 98 Horns of the Bison. Jonston 1657a, p. 36, tab. 16 no. 1.
128 Forte ejusdem animalis cornu. 99. 100. 101 Horn of (perhaps) the same animal.
129 –
130 An Cornu Tragelaphi Jonst. T. 34? 96 Horn of a Tragelaphus [deer]. Jonston 1657a, tab. 34.
131 –
132 Cornu Bubali Africani Jonst. Tab. 32. pag. 52. 102 Horn of an African Ox. Jonston 1657a, p. 52, tab. 32.
133 Ignotum. 97 Unknown.
134 Cornu Rupicapræ Jonst. Tab. 32. pag. 52. 86 Horn of the Chamois. Jonston 1657a, p. 52, tab. 32.
135 An Cornu alicujus Piscis Exotici Pira Aca Bras. Congeneris? De Pira Aca Brasiliensium S. Monocerote pisculo Clusij in Exoticis Lib. 6. C. 28. Consule Willughb. T. 14. pag.150. Probably the horn of some sort of exotic fish, similar to the Pira aca of Brazil. The Pira aca brasiliensium or Monocerote pisculo of Clusius 1605, bk 6 ch 28. See Willughby 1686, p. 150, tab. 14
136. 137 –
138 Cornua Cervina. Cujus speciei non constat. 94 Antlers of deer on which there is no agreement.
139. 140. 141. 142. 143 Cornua Gazella Jonst. Tab. 29. pag. 54. 103 Horns of the Gazelle. Jonston 1657a, p. 54, tab. 29.
144. 145 Mandibulæ alicujus Acûs aut forsan sphyrænæ Exoticæ. 61 et 62 Perhaps the jaws of some kind of Gar-pike or perhaps of some exotic Sphyraena.
146 Testudo terrestris e minoribus, dorso depresso, exluteo, et atrorubenti versicolor. 15 Terrestrial Tortoise of the lesser sort, with a flattened back, in many shades of dark red and yellow. 272
147 Testudo minor versicolor tessellata, valde rugosa. Iaboti Pisonis p. 105. 11. 12. 13 Smaller, tesselated, vari-coloured Tortoise, heavily ridged. The Iaboti of Piso [and Markgraf] 1658, bk. 3, p. 105.
148 Cornua an Hirci Colytardici Jonst. Tab. 27. The same perhaps with those call'd Muscovy Rams Horns M.R.S. T. 2. 111 Perhaps the horns of the Hircus cotilardicus of Jonston 1657a, tab. 27. Grew 1681, tab. 2.
149 Testudo terrestris minor versicolor, tessulis majusculis prominentibus, triplici ordine dispositis. M. Mosc. p. 118. Num. 2. 14 Lesser terrestrial Tortoise, vari-coloured, with somewhat larger, overhanging plates arranged in threes. Moscardo 1672, p. 118, no. 2.
150 Eadem quæ 146. The same as no. 146.
151. 152 Eadem quæ 147. The same as no. 147.
153 An Testudo squamosa [scald Tortoise shell] M.R.S. T. 3. 10 Probably a Scaly Tortoise. Grew 1681, tab. 3
154. 155. 156 Testudo dorso aculeato. 6. Tortoise, the back of which is covered with prickles.
157 Ignot. Unknown.
158 Scapula Balænæ dicta. 130 Said to be the shoulder-blade of a Whale. 273 Serpentes Snakes
1. 2. 3. 4 Boiüinininga Brasil. Hispanis Cascavela et Tangodor Mexicanis Hoacoatl, Belgis Ratel. Slang. Pison p. 274. Serpens Americanus caudisonus D. Dris Tyson Trans. Philosoph. Num. The Ratle snake. See ye Picture of the ratle after the life in Dr. Grew's Mus. R.S. Jonst. T. 6. p. 23. Brazilian Rattlesnake, called in Spanish Cascavela and Tangador, in Mexican Hoacoatl and in Dutch Ratelschlang: see Piso 1658, p. 274. The Serpens americanus caudisonus of Dr Tyson 1683, pp. 25-54; Grew 1681; Jonston 1653, p. [26], tab. 6.
5 Ignotus. Unknown.
6 Mater formicarum Clusij ex fusco, albo nigróque versicolor. Jonst. Tab. 7. pag. 25. Mater formicarum [snake], of Clusius, variously coloured grey, white and black. Jonston 1653, p. [28], tab. 7.
7 Mater formicarũex ruffo, cinereo et nigro versicolor. Mater formicarum [snake], variously coloured reddish, grey and black.
8 Ignot. Unknown.
9 Boiguaüu Pisonis fortè p. 276. Jonst. T. 6. De hoc maximè dubito, impræsentiarum tamen sic placuitappellare. Boiguacu (probably): see Jonston 1653, p. [26], tab. 6. Being in great doubt, I am content to call it so for the present.
10 Anguis æsculapij, Niger Aldrov. Jonst. Tab. 5. The Aesculapian Black Snake of Aldrovandi. Jonston 1665, tab. 5
11 Supra Effi giem Dñi Ashmole. An spec. Boiüininingæ? Above the portrait of Mr Ashmole: perhaps a kind of Rattlesnake. 274 Pisces Vivipari Viviparous fishes Cetacei s. Belluæ marinæ Whales or sea-beasts
Cetacei alicujus piscis, Priapum, scapulã Ospinnale et costam inter Quadrupedia, quod ibi forte collocarentur, iam annotavimus. Penis of a whale or some kind of fish which we shall probably place among the ribs of the quadrupeds and so designate them for the present.
1 Corneæ laminæ quæ in Balænis dentium munere funguntur, quarum meminit faber Lyncæus &c. Consule Willughbeiũp. 36 et 37 ж 8. 1 Horny plates [baleen] which serve as teeth in whales, as mentioned by Johannes Faber of the [Academy of the] Lynx. Considered in Willughby 1686, pp. 36-7.
2 Cornu piscis Narhual dicti Jonst. T. 48. pag. Ult Monoceros piscis Willughbeij p. 42. T. A.2. In Scrinio quo asservantur Cochlea et Numismata. Horn of a fish called the Narwhal in Jonston 16[ ], last page, tab. 48. The Piscis monoceros of Willughby 1686, p. 42, tab. A2. In the cabinet where the shells and coins are kept.
3 Delphinus Willughbeij. p. 28. T. A.1. 2 Dolphin. Willughby 1686, p. 28. tab. A1. Cartilaginei longi Cartilaginous long fish
4 Mandibulæ Catuli majoris Salviani, Caniculæ Aristotelis, Rondeletij, Aldrovandi, Lib. 3. C. 34. Pese Gatto Venetorum, Cornubiensibus a Bounce. Willughb. p. 62 Jawbones of the greater Catulus of Salviano 1554, p. 138; Aristotle's dog fish; the Canicula of Aldrovandi 1613, bk. 3, ch. 34; the Pesegatto of the Venetians. Called by the Cornish a Bounce. Willughby 1686, p. 62. 275
5 Mandibula canis Carchariæ S. Lamiæ Rond et aliorum Gesn. De Aquatilibus p. 204. Aldr. De piscibuspag. 379. The white shark Willug. p. 47. ж. 5. 4 Jawbone of the White Shark, the Lamia of Rondelet 1554, pp. 390-3 and others; Gessner 1620, pp. 173-8; Aldrovandi 1613, p. 379; the White Shark of Willughby 1686, p. 47. Five specimens.
6 Galæus Acanthias s. spinax Aldr. Lib. 3°. C.4°. Rond. Lib.13. Cap. 2. Gesn. Pag. 716. Mustelas spinaxBellonij et Salviani. A picked dog, or Houndfish Willug. p. 56. T. B.5 ж. 2. The Galaeus acanthis or Spinax of Aldrovandi 1638, bk. 3, ch. [xxxi]; Rondelet 1554, pp. 282-3; Gessner 1620, p. 716. The Mustelas spinax of Belon and Salviano. Willughby 1686, p. 56, tab. 5. Two specimens.
7 Zygæna magna et integra ex dono Dñi Gul. Charleton. Rond. Bellonij, Salviani, Gesn. 1255. Aldrov. de Pisc. Lib. 3. C. 43. The Ballance fish Willoughby pag. 5. Tab. B.1 ж 2. 5 A large and complete Hammer-headed Shark given by Mr William Charleton. Rondelet 1554, pp. 389-90; Belon; Salviano 1554, pp. 129-30; Gessner 1620, pp. 1050-1; Aldrovandi 1613, bk. 3 ch. 43; the Balance-fish of Willughby 1686, p. 5, tab. B1.
7a Ead ejusdem maxillæ. 6 Jawbone of the same.
8 Pristis s. serra Piscis clusij in Exot. Lib. 6 C. 9. Rond. et aliorum. The saw fish Willou. p. 61. T. B. 9. ж. 2. 7 The Pristis or Saw-fish of Clusius 1605, bk. 6, ch. 9. Rondelet 1554, pp. 487-8 and others; the Saw-fish of Willughby 1686, p. 61, tab. B9. Two specimens. Cartilaginei plani Cartilaginous flat fish
9 Diaboli marini Willughbei Append. pag. 5. Tab. 9na. Spec. forte N.D. Sea-devils of Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 5, tab. 9. Specimen probably not [previously] described.
10 Ovariæ Willugh. p. 76. Rond. p. 386. Jonst. p. 16. Tab. 12. 8 Egg-cases of the Ray. Willughby 1686, p. 76; Rondelet 1554, pp. 386; Jonston 1650b, p. 16. tab. 12. 276 Cartilaginei Ovipari Cartilaginous oviparous fish
11 Guacucuja Brasiliensiũ Marggr. Monoceros piscis qui Vespertilio Aquatica dici possit willugh. p. 89. T. E.2. 9 Brazilian Guacucuia: the Sea-unicorn of [Piso and] Markgraf, which may be the so-called Sea-bat. Willughby 1686, p. 89, tab. E2.
12 Guaperva Bras. Marcgr. The American Toad fish; Willough. p. 90. Tab. E.2. An Spec. N.D.? 10 The Brazilian Guaperva of [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, pp. 145, 150, 163. The American Toad-fish. Willughby 1686, p. 90, tab. E2. Specimen probably not [previously] described. Anguilli formes s. læves, lubrici et plerùmque Oblongi Eel-like types, or smooth, slippery and mostly long
13 An Lupus marinus Schonfeldij, Willugb. p. 130. T. H.3.? An potius Lupo congener, piscis nondum descriptus. 11 Perhaps the Sea-wolf of Schonfeld. Willughby 1686, p. 130, tab. H3. Or it could be a fish similar to the Sea-wolf but not yet described?
14 Iperugiba et Piragiba Bras. Marggr. Lusitanis Peixe Pogador et Peixe, Pioltho; Belgis Suyger. RemoraImperati Aldr. Sucking fish Willughbeij p. 119. T. G. 8 et App: Tab. 9. Brazilian Iperuquiba and Piraquiba of [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, p. 180. In Portuguese Peixe pogador and Peixe piolho. The Remora of Imperati and Aldrovandi. The Sucking-fish of Willughby 1686, p. 119, tab. G8: and Appendix tab. 9. 277 Corpore contractiore qui pinnis ventralibus carent Narrow bodied fish, lacking ventral fins
15 Piscis triangularis ex toto cornibus carens Listeri apud Willugbeium. App. pag. 20. Tab. 1.18. ж. 2. 13 Triangular fish entirely without horns. Lister, quoted in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 20, tab. 1, 18. Two specimens.
16 Piscis mediocris triangularis ad imũventrem propè caudam tantum cornutus ex toto maculis subrufis insignitus Lister. Apud Willughbeium. App. pag. 20. ж. 2. 14 Triangular-fish of the middling size, with spines only on the ventral surface near the tail, marked all over with reddish spots. Lister, cited in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 20. Two specimens.
17 Pisciculus triangularis cornutus Clusij Willugb. Tab. 1.14. Huic corniculũsupra caudam et ex opposito in ventre mucronata prominentia. ж. 2. qui a se invicem nonnihil variant. 15 Three-horned small Triangular-fish of Clusius. Willughby 1686, tab. 1, 14. On these fishes are small spines above the tail and on the opposite side a pointed projection on the belly. There are two of them, the spines somewhat different from one another.
17a Ejusd. varietas, An Spec. distincta? Another of the same kind, but perhaps a separate species?
18 Piscis Quadrangularis, an Rostratus Listeri apud willugb. App. T. 1.10. P. 20. in App. ? 16 Quadrangular-fish, seemingly beaked. Lister, cited in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 20, tab. 1, 10.
19 Orbis caudâ productiore, dorso lævi, ventre spinoso Willug. p. 144. T. I, 2. Orbis Lagocephalus [Hare globe fish] M.R.S. T.7 ж. 2. 17. 17b Globe-fish with elongated tail, with a smooth back and a spiny belly. Willughby 1686, p. 144, tab. 1, 2. Hare-headed Globe-fish. Grew 1681, tab. 7. Two specimens. 278
20 Guaperva longa caudâ fere quadratâ, et minime forcipata, capitis vertice latiusculo List. apud Willugb.App. pag. 21. T. I.20. 18 Guaperva, with a long, almost square tail, slightly forked, the head slightly swelling at the top. Lister, cited in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 21, tab. 1, 20.
21 Guaperva max caudata List. apud Will. App. 21. Tab. I.23. ж. 2. 19 The greater-tailed Guaperva. Lister, cited in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 21, tab. I, 23. Two specimens.
22 Guaperva cauda forcipata pinnis maculosis Listeri apud Willugb. Append. 21. Tab. J.22. 20 The fork-tailed Guaperva, with spotted fins. Lister, cited in Willoughby 1686, Appendix. p. 21. tab. J22.
23 Acarauna major pinnis cornutis Listeri apud Willugb. append. p. 23. T. O.3. An Paru Brasil Marggravij? 21. 23 Greater Acarauna with horned fins. Lister, cited in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 23, tab. O3. Perhaps the Brazilian Paru of [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, p. 144.
24 Monoceros piscis è M.R.S. Willoughb. O.4. Descriptio nulla. Q. An hujus loci sit? Monoceros minor Grevij M.R.S. p. 104. T. 7. 22 Little Sea-unicorn of the Royal Society museum. Willughby 1686, tab. O4, without description. Query: does it belong here? Little sea-unicorn of Grew 1681, p. 104, tab. 7.
25 Guamaiacu Guara Brasil Peixe Porco et Diabe Lusit Marcgr. Willugb. p. 147. T. J.5 maculis atrorubentibus undique conspersus est. ж. 6. 24 Brazilian Guamaiaüu guara; in Portuguese the Peixe porco and Diabe. [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, pp. 142-3. Willughby 1686, p. 147, tab. J5. Covered with dark red spots from every viewpoint. Six specimens.
26 Orbis muricatus et reticulatus List. apud Willugb. pag.155. T. J.7. 25 Globe-fish, muricated and reticulated. Lister, cited in Willughby 1686, p. 155, tab. J17.
27 Hippocampus rond et aliorum: Italis cavallo marino Willugb. p. 157. T. J.25. In scrinijs Dni Dris Plot. ж. 3. The Sea-horse of Rondelet and others; in Italian the Cavallo marino. Willughby 1686, p. 157, tab. J25. In Dr Plot's cabinet. 279
28 Acûs Arist. Spec altera major Gesn. Will. p. 159. T. J.25. ж. 2. quarum altera inter cæteros pisces, altera cum Hippocampis mox dixtis in Scrinio Dni D. Plot. The Acus of Aristotle. A species different to and larger than that described by Gessner. Willughby 1686, p. 159, tab. J25. Two of them, of which one is placed among the other fishes, the other with the Sea-horses. In Dr Plot's cabinet. Non aculeati quibus unica in dorso Pinna Without spines, but with a single fin on the back
29 Acus maxima squamosa, Listeri apud Willugbeium App. p. 22. Descriptio huic nostræ per omnia convenit, at figura ejus P. 8. ob dorsum arcuatum, pinnaque singulari in medio insignitum; neque huic pisci, neque Descriptioni Listerianæ respondet. The largest scaly Acus; see Lister quoted in Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 22. His description agrees with our specimen in every respect, although his illustration on p. 8, with an arched, spiney back with a single medial fin corresponds neither to this fish nor to Lister's description.
30 Accipenser rond. silurus Salviano Sturio Willugb. p. 239. Tab. P. 7. ж. 2. 40. 41 Sturgeon of Rondelet 1554, pp. 410-17; the Silurus of Salviano 1554, pp. 113-35, the Sturio of Willughby 1686, p. 239, tab. 7. Two specimens.
31 Guaracapema Brasiliensium Marcgr. Dorado i.e. Auratus Piscis Nierembergij. Delphinus Belgis Willugbeij T.O.2. pag. 214. ж. 2. 44. 45 Brazilian Guaracapema of [Piso and] Markgraf 1648, p.160; the Dorado or Gilded-fish of Nieremberg 1635, pp. 255-6; the Dutch Dolphin of Willughby 1686, p. 214, tab. O2.
32 Naeld visch i.e. Acus piscis Johnst. Nieuhofs Will. Append. p. 2. Tab. 3. 47 Needle-fish of Jonston 1650b, p. 56; Nieuhof [cited in] Willughby 1686, Appendix p. 2, tab. 3.
33 Petimbuaba minor squamosa, nondũforsan descripta. Lesser scaly Petimbuaba, perhaps not [previously] described. 280 Aculeati 2 abus in Dorso Pinnis anteriore autem spinnis radiata Spiny fish with two dorsal fins but with spines projecting forwards
34 Cuculi species Mutilatus est piscis proinde quænam sit cuculi spec. non constat. An fortè Cuculus Salv. i.e. The red Gurnard? Will. p. 281. T. S.2. 26 A type of Gurnard. The fish is damaged; hence what species it belongs to cannot be established. Perhaps the Cuculus of Salviano 1554, p. 191, i.e. the Red Gurnard. Willughby 1686, p. 281, tab. S2.
35 Milvus alius Jonst. Tab. 22. p. 66. Milvus Salviani Bellonij et Aldr. Lib. 2. C. 5. Hirundo Rond. Gesn. pag. 514. Rondine Romæ, in Sicilia et Melita Falcone. The Flying fish Willoughby. 283. T.S.6. ж. 2. 27 Another Flying-fish of Jonston 1650b, p. 66, tab. 22; the Milvus of Salviano 1554, p. 187; Belon 1553, pp. 195-6 and Aldrovandi 1613, bk. 2, ch. 5; the Hirundo of Rondelet 1554, pp. 284-6; Gessner 1620, pp. 434-7. Called the Rondine in Rome and the Falcone in Sicily and Malta. The Flying-fish of Willughby 1686, p. 283, tab. S6. Two specimens.
36 Bupthalmus argyrocephalus Piscem quē nondum descriptum suspicamur, impræsen tiarum sic placuitnominare. 28 Silver-headed Buphthalmus. A fish which we believe had not yet been described, so for the present we are content to name it thus. Aculeati unica in dorso pinnâ, radijs anterioribus spinosis, posterioribus mollibus Spiny fishes with a single dorsal fin, with spines projecting to the front, but soft at the back
37 Luciopercæ non nihil similis, pinnâ in dorso unicâ, inferiori mandibulâ prominente. An descriptus sit necne nobis non constat. 29 A fish not unlike a Perch, with a single fin on the back and with a prominent lower jaw. Whether described or not is unknown to us.
38 Hiadula Indica Cyprini formis. Hunc etiam nondũ descriptũsuspicor. 30 Indian Hiadula with the outline of a Carp. This also, I believe has not yet been described. 281 Incertæ Classis Doubtful classes
39 Pisciculus octaedrus. An Cataphractis annumerandus? In Scrinio Dñi Dris Plot. Small octagonal fish; to be counted amongst the Cataphracts? In Dr Plot's cabinet.
40 Scutum e Tergore Crocodili. Plate from the skin of a crocodile.
41 An Rostri Phocænæ pars anterior? 31 Perhaps the front part of the beak of a Porpoise.
42 Cauda Cancri Moluccani. 33 Tail of a Moluccan crab.
43 Os quoddam compressum orbiculatũ. An ex ossibus Balenæ? 36 Some kind of bone, narrow and rounded. Perhaps from the skeleton of a Whale.
43b Nautis Anglicis The Sea Tench. 48 Sea-tench. Exanguia Aquatica crustata Bloodless aquatic crustacea
44 Cancer Moluccensis Jonst. T. 7. 32 Moluccan crab. Jonston 1650a, tab. 7.
45 Idem. The same.
46 Ad.53. Chelæ cancrorũ Ind. admodũmagnæ. 35 Indian Crab's claws, quite large.
54 Stella marina. &c. 37 Star-fish, etc. 282 Animalia in spiritu vini inclusa ex dono Martini Lister M.D. Animals preserved in spirits of wine given by Martin Lister MD
55 Lacertus Indicus volans Bontij. Indian flying Lizard of Bont.
56 Salamandra Indica. Gecko Bontij. Indian Salamander; the Gecko of Bont. [Unordered list of whole collections donated]
Jacobus Pound M.B. pro Singulari Suo in Musæum Ashmoleanum studio & benevolentiâ, omnia ea Vegetabilia & Animalia ex Indiâ Orientali advecta, quæ cy. James Pound, Bachelor of Medicine, out of his singular devotion and generosity to the Ashmolean Museum, donated to it all the vegetable and animal specimens he had brought home from the East Indies, which can be seen in cylindrical glass jars in the windows of the Museum.
Carolus Harris Armiger, Oxoniensis, dedit corium cujusdam afini Africani Zebra dicti, coloris elegantervariegati. Charles Harris Esq., of Oxford, made a gift of the skin of an African Zebra, which is of beautifully variegated colours.
Timotheus Lannoy Armiger ad Emporia Ottomannica mercaturam exercens, dedit capræ Turcicæ ex Angorâ juxta Constantinopolim, alutariam pellem sericeis pilis cincinnatis e. Timothy Lannoy Esq., a merchant trading to the Ottoman Empire, gave the Museum the soft skin of a Turkish goat, with curly silken hair, from Angora, near Constantinople. 283 Animalia in spiritu Vini inclusa Animals preserved in spirits of wine
1 Anguis æsculapii vulgaris. Jons. Tab. 5. Common Snake of Aesculapius. Jonston 1665, tab. 5.
2 Mater formicarium Clusii. Mater formicarum [snake] of Clusius.
3 Serpens Indicus. Indian Snake.
4 Idem sed diversi coloris. The same, but of a different colour.
5 Idem The same
6 Lacertus Lizard
7 Lacertus Indicus volans. Bontii. Indian Flying Lizard of Bont.
8 An African Toad.
9 Serpens Indicus. Indian Snake.
10 Aranea Surinamonsis, an Tarantulæ species? A Spider from Surinam, perhaps of the Tarantula type.
11 An Guaperva? Will: Tab. E.2. Perhaps a Guaperva. Willughby 1686, tab. E2.
12 Limax (ut opinor) vide Jons. Tab. 24. Slug, or so it seems. See Jonston 1653, tab. 24.
13 An Stellio ex Matthiolo. Jons. Tab. 78. Perhaps the Gecko of Matthiolus. Jonston 1657a, tab. 78.
14 Scolopendra marina. Aldrov. Jons. T. 27. The Scolopendra of Aldrovandi. Jonston 1653, p. [193], tab. [25].
15 Centipedæ vel Hippocampi. Jons. T. 28. A Centipede or Sea-horse. Jonston 1653, tab. 28.
16 Eædem. The same. 284 [displayed in the second window]
1 Partus monstrosus, duo scilicet Porcellorum corpora, quibus unum tantum est caput è vico Eifley dicto huc allat. Monstrous birth, evidently two piglets' bodies with but a single head. Said to have been brought from the village of Iffley.
2 Lacerti. Lizards.
3 Idem. The same.
4 Crocodili duo. Two Crocodiles.
5 Piscis volans et forsan Draco marinus Will. Tab. S.10. Flying-fish, perhaps a Sea-dragon. Willughby 1686, tab. S10.
6 Lacerti Tarantula et Scolopendra. Lizards, Tarantula and a Scolopendra.
7 Lacerti tres. Three Lizards.
8 Insectæ. Insects.
9 Foetus humanus. Human foetus.
10 Salamandra Indica. Gecko. Bontii. Indian Salamander; the Gecko of Bont.
11 Idem. The same.
12 Canis Piscis et Grillo Talpa. Dog-fish and Mole-cricket.
13 Animalia partim piscium partim ranarum copora habentia. Animals with bodies which are part fish and part frog.
14 Scorpius Indicus major Zeylanensibus Ghonissa dictus Hermanni. Greater Indian Scorpion said by Hermann [1711, p. 1] to have come from Ghonissa in Ceylon.
15 Lacerti volantes Indici. Bontii. Indian flying Lizards of Bont.
16 Stellæ marinæ. Jons. Tab. 27. Star-fish. Jonston 1653, tab. 27.
17 Nidus Avis susurrantis duas continens Aviculas. Nest of a Humming-bird containing two little birds.
18 Aranea magna ex Jaimaicâ quæ avium susurrantium occisor audit. Large Spider from Jamaica with the reputation of living on Humming-birds.
19 Pullus monstrosus. Deformed chicken.
20 Scorpio parvus Indicus. Small Indian Scorpion.
21 Cantharides. Beetles ['Spanish flies']. 285 [displayed in the third window]
1 Serpens Caudisonus. Rattlesnake.
2 Tarantulæ Serpentes, et Lacerti. Tarantulas, Snakes and Lizards.
3 Crocodilus parvus. A small Crocodile.
4 Serpentes et Lacertus volans. Snakes and Flying Lizard.
5 Papilio magna. A large Butterfly.
6 Tarantulæ duæ. Two Tarantulas.
7 Scorpio et Locustæ. Scorpion and Locusts.
8 Lacertus viridis et magni Scarabæi. Green Lizard and large Beetles. 286 [displayed in the fourth window]
1 Serpentes, Lacerti et Tarantulæ. Snakes, Lizards and Tarantulas.
2 Eorundem varia specimina. Various specimens of these.
3 Eorundem. More of the same.
4 Serpens Caudisonus Americanus. American Rattlesnake.
5 Lacerti, Bufones an Africani? Lizards and Toads, perhaps African.
6 Salamandra et Hippocampi. Salamanders and Sea-horses.
7 Insectæ. Insects.
8 Vermiculi vulgo dict: obcæcati ex uno nido excerpti. Small Worms, commonly called blind-worms, taken from a single nest.
9 Pomum seu fructus Cashew. Apple or fruit of the Cashew.
10 Lacerti. Lizards.
11 Idem. The same.
12 Felis monstrosa habens Corpora dua unum Caput. &c. Deformed Cat, having two bodies, one head, etc.
13 Pyri Sceleton. Skeleton of a Fish.
14 Porci pedes monstrosi. Deformed Pig's feet.
15 Vermiculus, vulgo dict: Joint worm ex Infantis visceribus excerptus. Small Worm, commonly called a Joint-worm, taken from the guts of a child.
16 Amygdalæ faucium. [part] of an Almond tree.
17 Hippocampi. Sea-horses.