The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700

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Earl of Pembroke (ambiguous) ( - )

Linked print sources: as Mentions or references - Ducatus Leodiensis; or the topography of the town and parish of Leedes and parts adjacent ...
References in Documents:
A Catalogue of Many Natural Rarities (Authorial, print 1664) A very rare Stone picture representing clowdy skyes, and an excellent rocky Cave Given by the Earl of Pembrook.
A Catalogue of Many Natural Rarities (Authorial, print 1665) A very rare stone picture representing clowdy skyes, an excellent Rocky mountain, with a Cave in it, and a fore-land. This rare peece was given for the better perfecting this collection, by the Right Honorable the Earl of Pembrook and Montgomery.
Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)
Artificial Curiosities. Things relating to WAR.

ANAn Indian Bow; it is made of Brazil Wood, full two Yards long yet not an Inch broad, the String very strong and thick. The Arrows above four Foot long, of fine unjointed Cane, but not feathered: One of them is armed with a Fish's Bone, the other with a Piece of hard Brazil Wood, sharp pointed and hooked, about four Inches above the glewed Swath; tis partly Quadrangular, and hath on each Side four sharp Points, like Fish-Hooks.

A Persian Bow; tis delicately in-laid, painted and gilt, yet the String nothing so good as that of the Indian Bow; it is 4 ½ Foot long, and four Inches thick in the middle, from thence flat, 1 ½ Inch broad. The Arrows better than two Foot long, feathered as ours; six of them only pointed with Iron, but twelve with Hooks Pheon-like.

A Piece of Indian Armour; this consists only of three Scales made of thin Whale-Bone, each about three Inches long, and near 1 ½ broad, coupled to the next by three Thongs of Leather on the inner Side, but very well glazed with black Varnish on the outer. I lately saw an entire Suit of this Sort of Armour in the Tower of London. Don. D. Fran. Place.

A Tomahaw, or fighting Club from North-Carolina; it is a yellowish hard Wood, like Box, above two Foot long, tapering from a little more than an Inch broad at the Handle, to three Inches at the other End, where it terminates in a Knob or Ball eight Inches round: Upon one Side is drawn an odd Figure supposed to represent one of their Idols whose Assistance they implore; upon the Bowing at the End is a Lizard nine Inches long, cut out of the same Piece of Wood, artificially enough, considering its being wrought with Flints by the Native Indians. One of the four Indian Kings, lately at London, is drawn with such an one in his Hand. This was brought me from Carolina by Chr. Gale Esq; Attorney-General for her Majesty.

An Indian Arrow with a Flint Head, of an Orange Colour, in the Form of those called Elves-Arrows in Scotland. This Arrow (which is two Foot two Inches long) is only feathered on two Sides. It was brought from the Indies by Capt. John Wood, who presented the Bow and the Rest of the Arrows to King James II. Don. Step. Tempest de Broughton Arm.

An Indian Shield, ten Foot and a half in Circumference, four Inches above a Yard in Diameter; it is made of light Wood, covered first with Leather, and then fine Linen Cloth, delicately painted with Variety of Colours and Workmanship; at the Center of the Inside is placed a strong Handle of Wood, and about six Inches from it one more pliable of Leather; both fastened with Leathern Thongs. This was brought from the East-Indies by Capt. John ap Rice, and given me by his Brother Mr. Tho. Garway of Leedes.

A small Indian Target; this is not two Foot in Diameter, painted with green and yellow Branches upon a Scarlet Ground; in the Center is a Scochean with a Sort of Harpy, or perhaps Lion passant gardant Or, in a Field of Vert. Another Shield, hath upon a black Ground an Indian painted and gilt, with several Quadrupedes, and Reptils about him; this is much heavier than the rest, and hath the Sides fastened together by Octangular Brass Studs. But the finest of all the Indian Shields was sent me by Sam. Molineux, of Dublin, Esq;. The Convex Side is wrought in Circular Wreaths of Crimson-coloured Silk, embroidered with Gold and Silver; the Concave Side is covered with Velvet: It is about two Yards and a half in Circumference. The same Benefactor obliged me also with a curious Tamahauke inlaid with seven Rows of white Studs perforated, that seem to be the best Sort of Wampampeage, and Brass Annulets. It is a desperate Weapon, being armed with a blewish Marble or Flint, a Foot long, and sharp at both Ends.

An Indian poisoned Dagger, the Hilt is a firm Wood like Box, very curiously carved into an Antique Form (perhaps one of their Idols, whose Help was invocated;) this hath the whole Body, not the Head alone, as that in Dr. Grew's Mus. pag. 266. the Blade is waved, whence called by some a Flaming Sword, near 16 Inches long, damask'd with Gold near the Hilt.

A Turkish Scimiter, the Blade near two Foot long, an Inch broad 'till towards the End, where it is 1 ½; the black Hilt, adorned with blanch'd Metal engraved, is formed into a kind of antique Head: The Scabbard consists of two Pieces of Wood, covered with blew Cloth, fenced with red Leather, which on the Fore-side is cut into Branches, and laid upon various Colours. This was presented by the Dey of Algiers to Capt. Hen. Lumley, when Admiral Russel, with the English Fleet, lay before that Place, and was given me by his Brother Mr. Geo. Lumley of Yorke.

A Spanish Weapon, almost in Form of an Halbert; the Wood is adorned with Brass Studs, the Iron (which is a little damask'd) engraven with the Figure of a Castle, &c. Perhaps that of Xixona in Valencia, where it was taken by Capt. Butler (who gave it me) when the English reduced that Place to the Obedience of King Charles III. An. 1706.

A Copper Sword, or antique Skeine found in Ireland; it is half a Yard long, besides that Part which hath been fasten'd in the Handle by six Nails, as appears by the Holes for them; though the Wood be consumed, tis about two Inches broad in the Middle, tapers to the End. Don. D. Gul. Jackson Dubl. A Highland Whinger, 14 Inches long, 1 ¼ broad; next to the Hilt (which is of Wood brought in Wreaths) is gradually smaller ro the very Point: The Copper Dagger is two edged, this hath but one, the Back being ½ Inch thick, furrowed, and hath 24 Holes drill'd through it; the Scabbard is antique chas'd Work of Leather. Don. Elk. Hickson Merc. Leod. Another from Ireland not much different. Don. S. Molineux Arm.

A Scotch Dirk; it differs from all the former, the Blade being made Quadrangular Tuck-wise for pushing; it is Parcel gilt, 8 ½ Inches long, the Handle is of Ivory, with a small Cross-Bar of the same. In the Sheath are Places for Knife, Bodkin, &c.

A large Sword, the Hilt, which is of Wood, with an Iron Pomel, is above half a Yard long, and the Cross-bar above 1 ½ Foot, the Blade is four Foot in Length, and two Inches broad; it seems to be used about K. Edw. the 3d's Time. The Gift of Mr. Godfrey Haddon of Leedes. Another with the Year 1444 engraven upon it, which was during the victorious Henry the 6th's Reign, who was crowned at Paris, An. 1431, but has been altered since, the gilt Basket-Hilt being not near so ancient. An old fashioned Wheel-lock Pistol, the Stock and large Pomel curiously inlaid with Ivory: Given me by Sam. Atkinson of Leedes Gunsmith. A Gantlet faced with Velvet, the Studs gilt. Don. D. Is. Blackburn. It is more pliable (tho' of Iron) than a Leather Glove, near two Foot long to secure the Arm: It is very strong, full half Inch thick. A Belt, or Girdle of Needle-work, Variety of Colours, lined with Velvet. Don. D. Brian Dickson. An antique Stirrup, but short of the Abbot of Kirkstal's, of which elsewhere.

Queen Elizabeth's Steel, on one Side are the Queen's Arms with Garter and Crown, under her Majesty's Bust inlaid and gilt, with E R. On the other Antonio, King of Portugal, with R P. and the Year 1581, when he came into England to implore the Queen's Assistance: The Gift of Mr. Harrison of Yorke.

An Indian Arrow near two Yards long, of a fine unjointed Cane, feathered on two Sides; it is armed with a smooth and flat Stick or Cane, an Inch broad, and more than a Foot long, with a sharp Point; where it is joined with the Shaft it is kept from cracking with a Swath or Bandage fastned with fine Glew. Another that instead of the smooth Cuspis hath a Spike of hard Wood 14 Inches long, with 16 Notches or Hooks upon one Side, and none upon the other, which is round and smooth; both the Present of Mr. Fran. Place of Yorke. Other Arrows from 2 Foot to 2 ½; triple-feathered, and armed with Iron. One adorned with Gold Lines. Don. S. Molineux Arm. A poisoned Arrow, the smallest of all being but nine Inches in Length, and about the Thickness of a Crow's Quill. Don. J. Perkin's Arm.

A large Ball of Stone shot out of the Cannon called the Queen's Pocket-Pistol, in the late Wars from Cavalier-Hill into this Street; it is yet above a Yard in Circumference. Don. Hen. Pawson Merc. Leod. A curious Spur of Sir Ferd. Legh's, a Colonel for K. Charles I. the Rowell of a dozen Points 3 ½ Inches from the Heel, the whole curiously wrought and gilded. General Fairfax's Sword Hilt, the Guard, or Basket Work inlaid with Silver, found at Nun-Apleton, and given me by Will. Milner Esq; present Lord of that Mannor. Spurs of the like Workmanship. A Protestant Flayle, given me by a Popish Recusant. A small Man of War, which by Means of a covert Conveyance through the Body of the Ship, discharges 16 Guns: It was made by Order of Mr. John Thoresby. A small Cannon.

I know not where better to place what relates to the Artillery of Heaven, viz. a Piece of sturdy Oak Thunder-struck, shivered into very small Fibres at Plompton (near Knaresborough ) whence it was sent me by Rob. Plompton Esq;. A Pewter Candlestick, in several Places melted and run into small Lumps by Lightning at the Quarry-Hill in Leedes, 27 June 1700. A Piece of a Tin Vessel burnt through at the same Time, yet a Bit of Straw-Work that was by it, not so much as singed. (Vide Phil. Trans N° 264.) The Stick that was fired by Lightning in the Hand of John Seynor, as he was riding over Bramham-Moor to Leedes Market, 12 Dec. 1710, in a severe Storm of Thunder, Lightning and Hail, as offered to be deposed upon Oath before John Dodgson Esq; Mayor of Leedes, who gave it to me. A Piece of Bell-Metal from Southwell, when that stately Minster was burnt by Light ning 5 Nov. 1711, brought thence and given me by Mr. John Hough. Hither also must be referred a Mass of Nails strangely soldered together, taken out of the Ruins of the City of London after the general Conflagration 1666. Don. Hen. Gyles. A Piece of Cieling Ceiling of the Hall in this House, just under the Musæum, burnt to a perfect Cinder in the Night, when the Family were asleep, yet no further Damage done, kept as a Memorial of a watchful Providence. Also Part of an Hour-Glass taken out of the Fire when the Rape-Oil Mill at Leedes Bridge was burnt 3 Oct. 1708. It is bended like Parchment, five or six distinct Lares upon each other; the inmost thinnest, and gradually thicker to ¼ Inch; given me by Mr. William Barstow, whose Courage and Activity in suppressing the Flames (which might have endangered much of the Town) was very commendable.

Instruments relating to the MATHEMATICKS.

A Telescope large and curious, both the Tube turned, and the Glasses grinded by the Rev. and ingenious Mr. Tho. Sharp M. A. Don. Vid. F. Sharp.

Two excellent Globes 15 Inches Diameter. A Way-wiser. A Magnifying Glass. A Burning Glass. Multiplying Glasses. A Weather Glass arising out of an artificial Rock, and supported by four Columns: This was amongst the Lord Fairfax's Curiosities, and was of the first Invention with tinctured Water, but is now much exceeded by the Mercurial Tubes.

An Ivory Multiplication Table; tis about 2 Inches long, and 1 ½ broad, yet can serve for any Sum, from a Farthing to Ten thousand Pounds. It is supposed to have belonged to the Priory of Beauchief in Derbyshire; whence it was brought me by Will. Neville Esq. The Form of the Figures are no just Objection against its Antiquity; for I have a Book printed An. 1493, with those of the like Form in the Golden Number. An Astronomical Instrument of Copper, with various Indexes and Circles, with obsolete Characters, from amongst Mr. Kirk's Curiosities. Two Circular Tables of Numbers, Sines, Tangents, nicely fixed upon seasoned Wood, from the same Musæum. Another of Brass, somewhat resembling a Roman Galley; it seems designed by its moveable Gnomon, for Dialing, but the Figures are antique Non-latin character for 4, S for 5, Λ for 7.

A Portable Dial, with a Needle to direct the setting it in any Place upon Travel. Don. Jo. Boulter. Arm. A Column Dial, which being soiled, and of uncertain Latitude, was renewed and calculated for this Town by the ingenious Mr. Joseph Bland of Beeston. A declining Dial for the Library Window, by the celebrated Mr. Abr. Sharp.

W. Foster's perpetual Almanack, engraved upon a Copper-Plate, the Bigness of a Crown-Piece. Don. Bart. Shuttleworth. A Sort of perforated Brick-Tiles, contrived and made by John Robinson of Addle-Mill (who sent it me); it prevents a great Consumption of Hair-Cloths that he formerly used in drying Oats, &c.

Houshold-Stuffs, Habits, &c.

A Barbadoes Rush-Basket, very prettily woven by the Indian Women, the Rushes partly of their Native Colour, and partly dyed with a deep Tawney; the Caul at the Bottom is of Thread or Cotton close and thick woven without any of the Rush Work. An Indian Dish made of the Bark of a Tree, the Bottom, Sides and Ends of one entire Piece, only stitch'd at the Corners to bring it into Form; the Rim, which is wrought in little Squares of yellow and dark Colour, is two Foot round. Another, not so long as the other, is broad, yet as deep, viz. two Inches.

A Kouser, and other Patna-Ware, brought by Dr. Midgeley from the Great Mogul's Country, where it is said there is but Clay in one Place that can be wrought so fine; it is as thin as Glass, yet will endure the Fire. A Bason and a Platter of the same Materials, and other drinkiug drinking Vessels of somewhat different Forms. But the Kouser is very odd, having a Sort of Net-work fixed in the straitest Part of the Neck, which is to prevent the flushing out of the Liquor, when the Natives pour it, at the Arms Length, into their open Mouths without touching their Lips.

An antique German Pot, with three Stories of Sampson (as conquering the Lion, conquered by Dalilah, and carrying the Gates of Gaza) very well proportioned in Low-Reliefe. A Tankard made of a natural Knot of Wood, that seems as if engraved by Art. (Don. D. Gul. Plaxton Lond.) Another of the Serpentine Marble. A large gilded Cup made of the Skin of an Elks Leg, which, with the Foot and Cover (that are carved and gilt) advance the Cup half a Foot above a Yard high. Don. D. Jac. Greenwoad. A standing Cup of Horn dyed red.

An Indian Gurglot, 19 Inches round, made of blewish Clay full of Mica or Cat-Silver; it is said to keep the Liquor cool, though exposed all Day to the Heat of the Sun, and suffocating hot Winds, that blow from Eight before, till Four after Noon. (Dr. Waldoe's Gift.) A Cup turn'd out of Elm Wood, as fine as Walnut. Another of Juniper; of Lignum Vitæ, and of a Skale of white Wood. A small Coco-nut cut for a drinking Cup. An Indian Bottle made of a Pear-Calablash; it is about twelve Inches long and fifteen round, though but one Inch Diameter at the Neck. An Indian Wine Bottle made of a large round Gourd two Foot in Circumference, painted of a dark red Colour without, and seems to have been rosin'd within.

Several Vessels, as Salt-sellars and Ink-horns of different Forms and Sizes; one supported with four Plaisters, that seem to be black Marble polished, but are indeed only the Lancashire Canal-Coal. Don. Tho. Johnson. A Cohawn, on which is rudely represented a Man on Horse-back, with Dogs Hunting; it is a Piece of pure Irish Houshold-Stuff (for Bonny-Clabor or Balcan) not used by the English there; as neither is the Mader: This runs upon Wheels, but has no need of Girths as the former, all the four Sides being one entire Piece of hollowed Wood; 'tis painted with red and black. A wooden Dram-cup from Ireland, all three sent me by Mrs. Mary Marshall of Dublin. A Pewter Chalice of antique Work; tis gilt, and was probably used for the Eucharist before Silver generally obtained. The Mouth of a very ancient Eure digged up at Berwick and sent me by the Rev. Mr. Plaxton. A Bason and Eure that were used since the Union of the Two Kingdoms by K. James I. as appears by the Royal Arms enamel'd. A Copper Candle- stick of an antique Form, which probably belonged to an Abbey, there being a Spire for the Wax Taper, and three Saints inlaid; the whole gilt and enamel'd.

An Indian Porringer almost in the Form of a Roman Simpulum, only the Handle not so long. An Indian Cup of Cane-work admirably fine, as if Needle-work of fine Thread or Silk (seventy two in an Inch.) Don. D. Jud. Dickenson Lond. A small Basket of Twig-work very curiously wrought with Branches and Flowers of various Colours intermixed, from Enghien in Flanders. Don. Jo. Boulter Arm. A Stove used by the Dutch Women at Church and Market. A Dutch Vrow for warming the Feet in Bed. Don. Rad. Dixon Lond.

One of Mr. Place's delicate fine Muggs made in the Mannor-house at Yorke; it equals the true China-Ware. Mr. Houghton, in the 8th Vol. of his useful Collections, tells us, there were very good made at Fulham, but all flat, the Difficulty in making a hollow Dish was thought insuperable, because it must be burnt to that Degree, that the Heat of the Fire made the Sides fall: But this ingenious Gentleman surmounted the Difficulty, and hath many Years ago actually made several very delicate Pots of English Materials. This Specimen was his Present, together with one of the coarse Mugs and Covers, made purely to preserve them from the Violence of the Fire in baking.

The Abbot of Kirkstal's drinking Glass, with waved Stripes of white Enamel; it is near a Foot deep, and nine Inches round; yet quite out-done by a Cup long preserved in the Orcades, which the Inhabitants, to patronize their Drunkenness, alledge St. Magnus their Apostle used to drink in, and present it full of Liquor to their Bishop the first Time he comes amongst them. This here was the Present of my Cousin Arthington, whose Mother was a Coheir of the Marshals, of which Family was the last Person, who died Abbot of Kirkstal, it being surrendered by his Successor. A Glass waved white and blew; another clear white, both which passed for Chinese in the former Age. A marbled Glass of many Colours, handsomly variegated, with a Speck of Gold, &c. A Rummer, with a Buck-hunting well represented. A Cut Glass. A double Glass, wherein different Liquors may be enclosed. A Glass Flower-pot overlaid with Bugle Work very nicely, in Form of one of the Horti imaginarii, with Roses, Daisies, and other Flowers, Strawberries, and small Fruits in great Variety of Colours; by Mrs. Ruth Thoresby, about the Year 1650.

The Abbot of Kirkstal's Salt-seller; it hath eight Triangular Salts placed in the Stock, which is of coarse Marble or Stone, with a Hollow for one of Silver in the Top. Don. Jac. Blades Merc. Leod. A Spoon of Juniper; and others of a white Wood brought from Prussia and Lithuania (with one in a wooden Case or Sheath), by Mrs. Maddox. An Indian Spoon of very fine Wood tip'd with Silver; a very odd one, with a wrought Handle, brought from Portugal, and given me by Major Richard Milburn. Cheese-Trenchers, both the Square, which turn into the Form of a Book, and a Box. A Box of round ones, painted and gilt, with English Rimes that seem to be 150 Years older than the Cheese, though that be full Three Score. A Norway Cheese of Goat's Milk 5 ½ Inches broad, odd waved in the Vat. Don. J. Turner. Bread from the Coasts of Barbary. The Jews unleavened Cakes for the Passover. Don. D. Burrough Lond.

Cassada-bread made of the Root of a Ricinus Americanus; the Figure whereof is excellently engraved in Dr. Sloan's Nat. Hist. of Jamaica Tab. 141. the Description of it, pag. 130. and the Manner of making it, Pag. XVIII. of the Introduction. The Juice of it is so poisonous that any Creature drinking of it swells and dies presently, yet People who feed constantly upon this Bread live long and healthfully; it is taken as Biscuit for Ships upon long Voyages: This was given me thirty Years ago by Mr. Walter Brearey Merchant. A fine Piece of Cassada or Sciam, brought of late Years from the Indies by Mrs. Rach. Holdsworth.

An Oil from the East-Indies called Oil of Earth, good for Pains and Aches. An East-Indian Composition, somewhat like Rosin, but sparkles a little; whence it is (perhaps) that it is called the Philosophers Stone; both these were sent me by Mrs. Madox. Indian Sear-Cloth. Of the Liquid Bitumen (before-mentioned) from Shropshire, may be further noted, that the Inhabitants, who in Mr. Camden's Time only used it as Pitch, now use it for the Cure of green Wounds, and commonly sell it at 14 d. a Pound. Besides the Lake Asphaltites, and others noted by ancient Authors, later Discoveries have found the Lake at Cuba in America, and Zant of the Venetians (Gord. Geogr. pag. 379 & 235.) Of the Mevis Bark used for a Vomit: The American Physick Nut that works sursum & deorsum. Of the Mirtle Wax; the Candle-berries; and a Candle made thereof. (Don. D. Greathead Lond.) and of other Indian Fruits, see before amongst the Plants, where there are for Food, Physick, and Clothing; as Wheat, Mayz, and Milium, Cloves, Nutmegs enclosed in Mace, and Cinnamon, Coco-nuts and Cacao's (Chocolate) Coffee-berries; Plants used there as Tea, Liquorish, and Cotton, both Silk and Wool, of which Garments and Hammocks are made, and washed with the Soap-tree Berries; which, without any Proportion of Salt lixiviate, Sulphur, or Oil, wash better than any Castile-Soap, but rot the Linen in Time: To which may be added a Turkish Wash-Ball 2 ½ Inches in Length; another round, wrought in Trales and Branches. Indian Perfume for washing the Skin.

A Tooth-brush from Mecca in Arabia Felix, where is a Turkish Mosque esteemed the most glorious in the World, visited by infinite Number of Pilgrims; for the poorer Sort, of whom these, I presume, are designed, being only a Stick, whose End for an Inch long is parted into small Fibres. Don. D. Seb. Alchribel. A carved Whale-Bone five Inches broad and thirty long. Don. D. Lid. Hough. A Cord made of the Leaves of the American Aloes. Don. D. Jo. Sharp. An Indian Lanthorn made of Twig-work, or split Cane, very fine, a Yard and half long; it was brought from the East-Indies, and given me by Dr. Midgeley of Leedes. A very odd Lanthorn made of the Skin of a Fish said to be the Solpen or Scolopendra, but is rather of the Piscis Echinatus triangularis; it is a Yard and a Quarter in Compass. This was procured also from the East-Indies, and given me by Mrs. Madox. Two Fishing-Lines near five Foot long of Indian Plants. Don. D. Jo. Boulter Arm. A walking Staff, composed of eight Joints of a Sugar Cane, about seven Inches distant from each other. An Indian Cane above two Yards and a half long, painted with Variety of Colours, red, blew, yellow, green and black.

A Piece of Queen Elizabeth's walking Staff inlaid with Ivory and Mother of Pearl. Don. Sam. Molineux Arm.

The Crown of an Indian King, the inside is made of split Canework, four Inches broad (besides a Ledge round both the Edges), regularly wrought into Squares, above this is an Arch of the like Work, waved with black: The Out-side of the Whole is adorned with great Variety of Feathers wrought into a Cawl of Packthread that surrounds and covers the Cane-work; those of the lowest Tire next the Face are the most beautiful Feathers, Green variegated with other Colours, and stand out three Inches quite round the Crown: The next Tire is Scarlet, the third Yellow, the fourth Black; the Arch is deck'd with white Feathers, and hath fifteen Tufts of small frizled Feathers, in the midst of various Colours.

An Indian Perriwig, made not of Hair, but Feathers, fasten'd into a very strong netted Cawl; the Fore-lock consists of short black Feathers; the next of Scarlet five Inches long, but only surrounds the Fore-heads, and are run through with a Thread to keep them tight and close together; then five or six Rows of yellow Feathers quite round the Head: The Rest is wholly made up of red Feathers, all which stand stiff upright, like the Quills upon an enraged Porcupine's Breast the red and yellow Feathers are all of a Length, except three that are a Quarter long.

An Indian Comb for such as have no Wigs; it is a Piece of hard Wood, seven Inches long and two broad, cut into five round sharp Teeth, three Inches long. Another that approaches nearer the Form of the Europeans, having about forty Teeth in the Compass of an Inch; it is 3 ½ long and 1 ½ broad; the Length of the Teeth are the Breadth of the Comb, but divided by a strong Reed nailed in the Middle of each Side, half an Inch broad, and fixed very close the whole Length of the Comb.

An English Lady's Hat; it is of black Velvet, the Brim but 3 ½ Inches broad, and the Crown four high, like a fluted Pillar of Thirty two Wreaths or Rolls. A Straw Hat about two Yards and a half in Circumference. Don. D. H. Pawson. A Cloth Hat almost of the same Dimensions. Don. Rev. Jac. Coningham. These are such as George Fox the Proto-Quaker called Skimming Dish Hats, and bore his Testimony against them; and to confess the Truth, they are almost as Novel as his Religion, Brimes being a modern Invention since round flat Caps were disused. A Caster as remarkably little, being but 3 ½ Inches in the Breadth of the Brim, and three in the Height of the Crown: Yet a Wedding Hat of one of the same Generation, the Band of Gold and green Ribband. Other Hat-bands of Silver; of Bugle Work, &c. A Lithuanian Hat-band of Straw Work, with a Knot of white Sea-weed, worn when a proud Humour comes upon them. Don. D S. Madox. A Hat-band of three Rounds made of the Vertebræ of Snakes. Don. D. Geo. Sorocold.

An Indian Bonnet of very fine curious Workmanship; the Out-side consists of six Triangles, of Crimson and Black waved; the Interstices of Yellow, with Lines of Black and Crimson intermix'd; the Inside is of Straw-work, Red, Purple and Yellow waved after a different Manner. Don. Tho. Garway. English Caps; one of red Velvet with sixteen Rows of Silver Lace; another of Tissue Cloth of Silver; a third so lately used as my Grandfather Thoresby's Time, richly embroidered with Gold and Silver, thick set with Spangles; the peaked Lace clear Gold. A black square Cap worn by the foreign Literati. Don. S. Molineux Arm. An Indian Cap made of Rushes, partly of their Native Colour, and partly dyed Purple, very curiously woven with indented Rows, and a Tuft like the former. A Quoife very richly embroidered with Gold and black Silk. Don. Walt. Calverly Bart. Another of Judge Hutton's Lady. Don. Alb. Dodson Arm. A Cross cloth, or Brow-bit, of the like curious Needle-work, the Flowers of various Colours well shaded and richly embroidered; it was my Aunt Idle's Mo ther's, and given me by the said pious Relict of Alderman Idle; others of Lace, and different Sorts of Needle-Work. Widows Peaks. Commode-wires of various Forms and Heights.

A Crance from Prussia; it is a most beautiful Garland (as the Word imports) of Flowers in Silk and Silver, and a delightful Variety of Colours; it is worn upon the Head (as the young Lady's Rowls at present in England) on the Wedding Day at Conningsberg, whence it was brought me by Mrs. S. Madox. Tweesers for curling the Hair. A Lead Comb to change the Colour of it. Pendants, and Drops for the Ears. A Jewel of Artificial Glass, with Sparkles of Gold. A Necklace of Pearl, Amber, Coral and Blew. Indian Neck-laces of young Oranges: And of Musk-beads.

A Ruff, or Piccadilly, to wear about the Neck to support the Ruff, and might suit Queen Elizabeth's strictest Proclamation, being but a Nail in the broadest Part. Don. D. Corn. Lee. A Brass Instrument for marking or crisping the Linen. An Indian Gorget, or Ruff, not made of Linen, but Hair woven together in Wefts; it consists of 10 Rounds, six of the inmost of which are entirely red, the rest a yellow white for an Inch in Breadth, and the Remainder of it red. The Wefts are sowed together, and bound about with red Cloth; it is three Inches broad and 19 long. Peaked Lace of different Forms and Fineness. A laced Cravat scarce 4 ½ Inch deep, Temp. Car. 2. A Point Cravat a Foot deep, in the same Reign; its Ribband of Gold and Green. Band Strings, and Knops of Thread, and of Beads both black and white. Breast-Knot of black Bugles and Snail-work. Stomacher embroidered with Silver and Gold; another of Silk with Flowers, curiously shaded with Variety of Colours. Holland Sleeves neatly wrought with black Silk. Sleeves of black Velvet, which Stow tells us was first made by Mr. John Tyce and Englishman near Shoreditch, in Q. Elizabeth's Time. As Heliogabalus was the first who wore Silk Cloths in Rome, so was Cardinal Wolsey the first Clergyman who did the like in England. A pair of Iron-stays or Bodice, which Mrs. W. of L. obliged her Daughter to wear; not so constantly, I presume, as St. Goodrick did his Iron Jerkins, of which he is said to have worn three Suits in the Time of his Hermitage (Legend of St. Cuthbert, p. 81.) Holland Puffles for the Gown Sleeves. Cuffs of Cambrick and Lawn, which in Q. Elizabeth's Time was so rare that all the Merchants in London, had not so much as may be had now in one Linen-Drapers Shop (Stow, pag. 86.) when Mrs. Dinghen van den Pass, a Flemish Knight's Daughter was the first profess'd Starcher in London. Archbishop Dolben's Buttons of Indian Peas tipp'd with Silver, probably when he was in the Army of King Charles I. Button-Molds of antique Forms. Buttons of Gold and Silk, large enough for a Wedding Coat, 1 Jac. 2. Since worn on the Wast-Coat of a Child of five Years old; such the foolish Instability of our Tempers!

An Indian Bracelet consisting of 15 double Rows of black and white Beads; the Warp of Leather Thongs, a few yellow, blew and striated Beads intermixed: These Bracelets are sometimes used as Monies in their greatest Payments. The Present of Alderman Massie's Widow. Bracelets of Horn engraved. Others of Elks Claws curiously wrought. An Indian Girdle said to be Anna Sonam's, a Queen in Maryland; it is wrought of Scarlet with black and white Waves interwoven upon thirty Rows of Thongs that seem to be the Guts of an Animal, brought thence and given me by Mr. James Green of Leedes.

Fans. One of Wood from the Indies; it is composed of twenty four Plates that expand to (near) a Yard in Circumference, yet folds up into little more than an Inch broad. Don. D. Sam. Stubs. Another from Prussia the Ivory curiously inlaid. Don. D. S. Madox. A Turkish Fan above a Foot and half long, and almost as broad; the Handle is painted Cane, the Fan it self consists of 18 Swan Quills expanded at the broad End, but reduced to a Point at the Handle, from whence it is covered with Silks of different Colours. A Hymn or Prayer, in the Indian Characters express'd in Gold upon a blew Ground, and made up into a Fan for Madam Lettice Molesworth, Sister to the Earl of Bellmont, Governour of New England and New Yorke. The Gift of the said Lady.

Gloves. A Pair of King James the 1st's embroidered upon Crimson Silk, and lined with the same coloured Silk, the Seams covered with Gold Edging. Don. Tho. Tomlinson Arm. In the next Reign such were worn by private Gentlemen; witness a Pair of my Wife's Grand-Father's, richly embroidered upon black Silk, and a deeper Gold Fringe. Don. Eliz. Sykes Socrûs meæ: The Embroidering reaches above the Elbow. Another Pair somewhat shorter, embroidered upon the Leather, lined with Crimson Silk: They were Mr. Fran. Layton's, who was of the Jewel House to K. ChurlesCharles I. The Gift of his Son Tho. Layton Esq;. A Pair of the common Size, but richly embroidered with raised or emboss'd Work, when Mr. Geo. Thoresby was Sheriff of Newcastle in Northumberland. His Wife's, which are deepy escaloped, have black Bugles intermixed. One of fine Holland, with black Silk Needle-work, and a wrought Lace of both Colours. (Mrs. Gibson's Gift.) Three other Pairs of the embroidered and raised Work; two with Gold, and the third Silver, with Fringes suitable, These were succeeded by those that were top'd with narrow Ribbands of various Colours and Texture, with Gold or Silver interwoven, of which here are three or four Sorts. White Gloves, with broad black Lace ruffled; and heavy Fringe Gloves Pearl Colour and Gold; these were used in my own Time. Womens at the same Time (ult. Car. 2.) had large Rolls of Ribbands round the Tops and down to the Hand, plain Crimson Satten, intermixed with strip'd and flowered, edged with Gold; (A. Th's Wedding Gloves). One of Silk Net-work very curious, with Gold and Silver Lace, and various coloured Ribbands. Don. D. An. Plaxton. A Pair of Gloves so delicately thin, that though they will fit a large Hand, are folded up and enclosed in a gilded Walnut's Shells. Don. Rev. Jo. Ray. To their Gloves may be added the Lady's Scepter or useless Busk held in the Hand. A Lace made of Betany two Foot long. Don. D. Hotham.

A Handkerchief of K. Charles the First curiously marked with C under a Crown, (pretended to be the same he had upon the Scaffold that most deplorable Day 30 Jan. 48.) Don. Rev. Geo. Plaxton Rector Bervic. A Piece of King William III. last Coat, sent by another Hand as a Relick; it is Purple. A Sample of fine Cloath, blew on one Side, and pure Scarlet on the other. The Earl of Pembroke is noted for being the first Noble Man of England that wore Knit Stockins Anno 1564, even the Kings of old wearing Cloth-Hose: What was then so rare, even with the Nobility, was afterwards so common even amongst the Gentry, and so extravangantly great, that here is a Pair with curious wrought Tops (made to turn down 17 Inches) a Yard and Quarter in Compass, so that they were since used (when Trousers were in Fashion) to cover the Breeches upon Journies.

A large Prussian Boot of red Leather for a very lusty Man, yet the Heel but an Inch and a half broad. The Gift of the Lady Perrot. Another from Turkey, of yellow Leather as large, yet hath no Heel at all, but a thin Red Leather the Length of the whole Foot. Don. S. Molineux Arm. A little one for a Boy, from Prussia, with a small Iron Plate for the Heel; as also the first hath. Don. Rev. Tho. Whitaker V D M. These are for the richer Sort. Here is a Shoe for the Meaner; it is made of the Bark of Trees somewhat after the Manner of Coal-Baskets in the North of England, but much coarser; they are generally worn by the poor People in Lithuania and Prussia, who bind it to the Leg by the Cord which seems to be of platted Sedges. Don. D. Sus. Madox. A Sabot, or French Wooden Shoe. An Irish Brogue. An English Shoe of very antique Form. A Silk Shoe from Tywan, a City of Formosa; it is made of Crimson and yellow Silk, adorned with Needle-work (for which the Formosan Women are famous); as is also the Silk upon the Heel, which is large considering the Smalness of the Shoe, for the cripled Lady: This was brought from thence, and given me by Dr. Midgeley of this Town. A Pair of Portuguese Shoes for a Gentlewoman, the upper Leather pink'd; as is also the red Turkey Leather upon the Heels. Don. S. Molineux Arm. A very odd Shoe, the Heel six Inches high, yet Length of the Foot 5 ½ from the Toe to the Heel inclusive. A Pair of Slippers from Turkey, a Crescent, or Semicircle of Iron for the Heel, (from Mr. Molineux.) One of Straw from Dantzig. Don. D. Jo. Jac. Smidt. A Persian Slipper, very curious Workmanship. And one from Prussia of red Turkey Leather; the Cork Sole an Inch thick, covered with gilded Leather. A blew Satten Slippper, with Silver Lace, for Charles Savage Esq; (a younger Son of the first Earl of Rivers) given me by my Brother, who married one of his Daughers and Coheirs.

The Abbot of Kirkstal's Stirrup; it is of Cast Iron, the Sole seven Inches broad; given me by Mr. Pollard of New-Lath near Kirkstal. Spurs: One of Copper gilded, with a remarkable Neck, above six Inches long from the Heel to the Rowel. There is a Danish Spur of the same Length in the Bodleian Repository at Oxford; of which see Mr. Hearn's ingenious Discourse of Antiquities annexed to the first Vol. of Leland's Itinerary, p. 114. A Gingling Spur; it is of Brass, the Neck short, but Rowel very large, three Inches from Point to Point; the Danish Rowel hath six Points, this only five: That of Sir Ferdinando Leghs (of which before) hath twelve. Both these were given me by Mr. Sam. Smith Bell-founder. Another gilt Spur of a different Form from all the rest: A noted Antiquary tells us, that from their gilt Spurs, Knights are stiled Equites Aurati. (Selden's Titles of Honour, p. 437. & p. 474.) Of the Spanish Cavallero's de Espuela d'Orada, or Knights of the Golden Spurs, see the same Author, p. 575. Don. D. Godfr. Haddon. An odd Sort of a jointed Spur, with a six pointed Rowel, but not made to turn round as all the former do; and also those of later Times in-laid with Silver, of which here are two or three Sorts. There is almost as great Variety in the Buckles as in the Rowels, from little more than half an Inch to near three Inches in Breadth.

A FotFoot-prodder a Sort of Encentris of three Points in a Plate of Iron to screw under the Shoe Heel; it is used by both Sexes for more secure walking the Icy Streets, or passing the Rivers in Prussia, where they are sometimes frozen to that Degree, that the old Duke of Brandenburgh mustered Ten thousand Men upon the Ice at the Corish Hoff.

Don. D. S. Madox. Modern Swedish Spurs, the Rowels of 24 Points, a Chain instead of the Under-Leather. Don. D. Sigbr. Rosenbuch. A Turkish Horse Shoe; it is a flat Piece of Iron, with little more than an Inch cut out, and Holes for six Nails. Don. S. Molineux Arm. A Foreign Whip for Posters wrought hollow, &c. Don. J. Boulter Arm.

A Silk-Purse with Flowers of various Colours over-laid with Moscovy Glass, and a Sort of Net-work Lace, made of the small Twigs of Trees, and a purled Edging very curious, of the like Twig-work, wrought by the Nuns at Teneriffe, the Pike whereof is famous all the World over for its Height. Don. D. Hen. Bayns. An Irish-Purse of Purple Leather and Silver Twist, with a Contrivance not easily discovered for opening it, made and sent me by Mrs. Marshal. One of raised Work embroidered in Gold and Silver, by my Sister Abigail Thoresby. And another of curious WorkmaushipWorkmanship, and great Variety of Colours wrought in Flowers and Humane Figures, in Tent-stitch, by Madam Savage; the Tassels of Gold and Silver, with Fruitage very natural. Also a Piece of Point-work Lace, (wrought by the Nuns) of incredible fineness, presented by her Grand-Daughters. A Blood-coloured Ribband with Death's Head, Swords, &c. inscribed, In Memory of Sir Edmondbury Godfrey, murthered the 12th of October 1678.

A Case for a Pair of Spectacles wrought in Silver and Silk Flowers, by Mrs. Priscilla Rawden (who gave it me) Sister to the memorable Sir George Rawden. Knots of Ribbands made up of old, in Form of Roses, &c. within a Japan Wax gilded. A Screw Box of Irish Wood covered with Straw-work of beautiful Colours. An Essence Bottle of the like Materials, made and sent by Mrs. Marshal of Dublin. The Figure and Bulk of a Frog in Needle-work of Silk, very natural. Don. Hen Pierse Bart.

Curious Needle-work of the celebrated Mrs. Frances Matthews, who had a Bishop to her Father, an Archbishop to her Father-in-Law, had four Sisters married to Bishops, as her self was to an Archbishop. A Book with embroidered Cover of Gold and Purple Silk. Laces of different Sorts with deep Escalops (one of 3 Inches); and what is the Curiosity of them, not sowed, but woven or netted in that Form. A Knot of Ribband with these Words in Capital Letters very distinct, The Hand that wears this Fetter, to Bounty is no Detter; yet is the Breadth of the whole Ribband not the 8th Part of an Inch, all performed by the same curious Hand, and presented by her Grand-Daughter Mrs. Dorcas Dyneley. A Shred of fine Linen, that my Friend, who sent it, received from Mrs. Kath. Breres, a Person of good repute and Veracity, who died at her House, and affirmed that it was spun by a Gentlewoman after her (reputed) Death, and real Burial; after which she lived several Years, bore Children and spun many Webs of fine Linen; the said Mrs. Breres was well acquainted with her, and received it from her own Hands. An antique Smoothing Iron for Linen, the Box four Inches deep being for Charcoal not Iron-heaters: It was amongst Mr. Webster's Curiosities of Clitheroe, and was given by his Kinsman of the same Name. Wax-work Images in Mourning Habit, to shew the Fashion of the Nobility and Gentry of Poland and Prussia, when in that Condition. Don. D. Sus. Madox. Variety of Fruit very naturally represented in Wax-work. Don. D. Scarborough. The like in Glass: Two Doves of white Enamel that stand up right, though the Globe that includes them be turned round. Don. D. Jan. Milner. A Basket, a Bird, and Spun Glass admirably fine, that I saw performed at Nottingham by Mr. Nich. Strelley, the last of Strelley.

Glass-bubles with Water and green Tincture included. A Table-Book the Cover whereof is admirable fine Work of Scarlet and Silver, done by Mrs. Margaret Towneley Chanoness Regular at the English Augustines in Paris. Don. D. Fran. Kennet. The Instruments of our Saviour's Passion (Nails, Pincers, Scourges, &c.) cut out of thin Plates of Brass and fastened (with Wires on the In-side) upon an Egg-shell very dextrously; Mrs. Madox brought me it from Prussia. Two Histories very neatly cut in Paper, by Mrs. Hoyl in Craven. A Chain near a Yard long cut out of a Card by Sir G. H's. G. H.'s Daughter. Another very fine of thirty four Links, full two Yards long, by a Gentlewoman in Craven, and sent me by Dr. Hargrave of Coln.

An Assonagh of Escocheon used at the Funeral of the Princess Eliz. Sonan, Sole-Daughter and Heir Apparent of Ann Sonam, a converted Indian Queen in Maryland: It is a Does Skin fixed upon a round Hoop near a Yard in Diameter, adorned with their Shell-money, viz. Roanoke Silver and Peak Gold, with some rude Lines and Colours, probably designed as the Arms; brought me from thence by Mr. James Green a Native of this Parish. A Shred of the Velvet Pall, now wholly divested of its Blackness by lying many Years over the Countess of Shrewsbury's Coffin in the Vault at Sheffield. A Ribband uncorrupt; and Hair white and fresh from a young Gentlewoman's Head buried 35 Years in the Church at Leedes. A Fragment of Duke Humphrey's Coffin, brought by Mr. H. Sligh from the Vault, then newly discovered, at St. Albans. In July 1683, was taken out of another Vault there a small Bit of Leather, being Part of the Boots of one supposed to be the Abbot of St. Alban's 500 years ago; his Vestments of Cloth of Gold were then fresh, sent me by Mr. Stock of Manchester; as was also,

A small Fragment of Capt. Eliot's Canoe, wherein he made his Escape from Petty Guaves in the West-Indies, and gave the Governour of Jamaica Notice that the French were coming to surprize that Island, by which Means it was saved: He sailed sixty Leagues without Compass in three Days, and had no Sustenance for himself and two Blacks but a little raw Flesh; for which signal Service K. William gave him the Command of a Man of War. The Canoe hangs up in Greenwich Hospital. A Truncheon of Sir Francis Drake's Ship, wherewith he surrounded the World; Queen Elizabeth order'd it to be drawn up in a little Creek near Deptford, whence this was sent to my Father.

Part of the Venerable and Royal Bed, mentioned Page 229 of this Book, inscribed, Avant Darnle, Jamais Darriere, Avant Darnle. Don. D. Cyr. Arthington Arm. A Reel with Silk and Silver Twist wound upon it, after it was enclosed in a small Bottle; the Cork is also fastened on the In-side with three Wood Pins, by the Ingenuity of the Rev. Mr. Miles Gale, Rector of Kighley, who also sent me a Hexapode of six different Pieces fastened without Glew or Nails, yet not now to be severed: As also the best Turned-work Tobacco Stopper, all of his own Workmanship. A Body of thirty Rhombs composed by the late ingenious Virtuoso Tho. Kirk Esq; F. R. S. Other larger Mathematical Bodies. A Perpetual Almanack invented, drawn, painted upon Glass, and gilded by the same Hand. As also Astronomical Tables and Constellations upon moveable Spheres, drawn by my said dear Friend's own Hand.

A Chariot of very curious Workmanship, from Germany, made of Ivory. Don. D. Tho. Kitchingman Jun. Merc. Leod. A Box of fifty Noremberg Cups of Turned-work, admirably fine. Don. D. Mar. Claverley.

Another Nest of them containing an Hundred, one within another, of which the largest is but 2 ½ Inches Diameter. A Cabinet with half a Dozen Chevaliers in Wax-work, that, by multiplying Glasses, appear like a Troop of Horse, do march to and fro with Sound of the Trumpet. Another Cabinet of Ivory, Mother of Pearl, and Tortoise-shell, curiously inlaid with a Silver Lock, &c. An Octangular Brass Box of antique Fret-work well performed. A Silver Box, with four Sphinxes, in ancient chac'd Work. A Box of Leather very curiously wrought like the finest Turn'd-work, by Mr. Richard (now Columban) Towneley, of the Order of St. Bruno at Bourfonten in France; sent me by his Niece Mrs. Mary Towneley. A Pelican with her young Ones, cut in Wood by a lame Danish Soldier; nothing worth Notice but the Wings, which yet are done with Expedition when the Manner is observed.

The Head of a Calumet; it is the most mysterious Thing in the World among the Savages of the Continent of the Northern America, being used in all their important Transactions; yet is it nothing else but a large Tobacco-Pipe made of red, black, or white Marble. All their Declarations of War and Conclusions of Peace are sealed, as it were, with the Calumet; which they fill with the best Tobacco, and present it to those with whom they treat about any great Affair, and smoke out of the same after them, as we are told by Monsieur Hennepin (p 71, 72.) who had perished but for one of them. This here is white, and hath embossed upon it three Heads of their Kings, or rather Deities.

Sir Walter Raleigh's Tobacco-Box, as it is called, but is rather the Case for the Glass wherein it was preserved, which was surrounded with small Wax Candles of various Colours. This is of gilded Leather, like a Muff Case, above half a Foot broad, and 13 Inches high, and hath Cases for sixteen Pipes within it. Don. Rev. Edv. Morris, Rectoris Isur. Brigant. Sir Rich. Greenfield, upon his Discovery of Virginia, An. 1585, observed the Indians smoaked Tobacco in Clay-Pipes for their Health. Sir Francis Drake brought it into England the Year after, and Pipes were made after the same Fashion. The oldest Pipes have very small Heads. A Turkish Pipe of a hard Reed above an Ell long, and a Clay Head, which they lay upon the Ground, holding the other End in their Mouths. A Leather Pipe also from Turkey twisted about with Brass Wire; the Head is of Box Wood carved, the Tip for the Mouth of Ivory; this is longer than the other, being to wind about the Arm or Body of the Smoaker. Don. D. Tho. Pease Jun. Merc. Leod. A Venetian Pipe of four jointed Reeds, painted, a Yard in Length. Another of ten Joints, much finer painted, and longer, the Clay Head cast into an Octangular and much finer Mould Qu. If these be not the same that some Authors call the Arabian jointed Tobacco-Pipes. A Virginian Pipe of Red Clay, six Inches long besides the Head, which is two. Another of dark Blew or Black of better Workmanship. A third Green, and a 4th dark coloured, part painted Red. An Indian Pipe of three Reeds in Breadth (two of which are only for Ornament) surrounded with very fine Twig-work, but the Head very rude. A very fine slender Indian Reed, a Yard and half in Length, bored to smoak in. Don. D. Tho. Garway. Also Tobacco folded up in a Leaf to smoak without a Pipe. An odd figured Head from the Coast of Barbary. Don. Rich Cranidge. This is black; another of white Clay. A Steel Head, with Plate over it for Security. Don. Godfr. Haddon. Fine Dutch Pipes of different Sorts; of which one (Don. D. Tho. Thomson Ebor.) is above a Yard long, and very curious Workmanship. A short one, of the same Clay with the Nottingham Mugs. A Carriage of nine Pipes Heads, joined in one Bole upon Wheels. A large Head that will hold more than them all, fit for a Brazilian Priest's Offering, who blesseth the People with its Smoak. A Japan Reed curiously inlaid with Mother of Pearl, with a small Copper Head capable only to receive the End of Rolled Tobacco. Don. D. S. Molineux. A small Pipe of white Glass scarce large enough for a Pin to pass the Bole. Don. D. Jac. Coats Lond.

Esca Virginiana, or Tinder from Virginia. The Gift of Dr. John Sharp. A Box and a Stopper of the Royal Oak. Don. Rev. Geo. Plaxton. One of Box Wood curiously turned, by Parson Gale. Another with Hour-Glass and Bones, above a Death's Head, with Worms crawling upon that Side of the Face, which hath Flesh upon it not quite consumed. Don. Jac. Mickleton Arm. One of Glass with Silver enclosed in it. Don. D. Jo. Plaxton. St. George and the Dragon, well performed in Silver. Another in Brass somewhat different. And one with four Heads, viz. the Pope and the Devil one, and Cardinal with Fool on the other Side. Irish Snuff-Boxes made in the Form of Brogues and Shoes, from two to six Inches long. Don. D. Marshal. An antique Ladle for a Punch Bowl, of Horn. Don. D. Fr. Place.

Indian Cock-spurs, or Gave-locks of Steel, that for the larger Cock is four Inches long, in a Cane Case above half a Foot round, with Indian Characters. The Present of Mr. Tho. Garway. As also two Indian Cards, with very odd Characters; they are very small, and clear black on the Out-side. The Astronomical Cards, the Geographical, and Armorical; those from Vigo. Jugling Cards, and the Popish Plot. A Knife taken from one of the Mohawks at London, An. 1710. Don. D. Jo. Cookson Lond. Another, being a Spanish Knife with the like Brass Studs in the Haft; upon the Blade is etched, Du Can. en Sevi. Don. D. Tireman Wilkinson Ebor. A Spanish Pen-Knife, the Blade which is near an Inch and half broad, turns (as the former) into the Haft, which is Iron. Don. Rev. Chr. Wilkinson Min. Armle. A Box of curious turn'd Work. Another Japan'd, with the Heads of K. William and Q Mary. Death's Head cut in Wood. An Ivory Chair and Cup both so small that several Dozens of them were included in a Cup made of an hollowed Nutmeg. Two Baskets curiously engraved, each made of a Cherry-stone. Don. D. Sus. Tomlinson. These are very fine, tho' confessedly short of that in the King of Denmark's Cabinet; and that which Dr. Will. Oliver saw in Holland, where upon were 124 Heads of Popes, Emperors, Kings, Cardinals, &c. that cost 300 Pounds English, and was lately at London, there being a Law-suit commenced about it in Chancery. (Phil. Trans. N° 285.)

A Steel Saw, as small as a Needle. Rings of the different Sizes of the Lead Pipes, by which the River Water is conveyed through the several Streets at Leedes, one of which is a Foot in Circumference. Don. D. Geo. Sorocold. A Brass Lamp from Ireland. Don. S. Molineux Arm.

Statues, Bass-Relieves, &c.

NEPTUNENeptune upon the Hippocapmus, with a Trident in one Hand, and a Dolphin in the other, resting upon the Head of the Sea-Horse, whose Fore-part and Legs are of a dark Colour, the hinder Parts and Tail blewish, and scaled like a Fish: The Body of the Deity is of a tawny Carnation, the Head is unhappily wanting, only the Tassels of the Beard extend to the Breast. It is of Earthen Ware, and very well performed, about ten Inches high to the Shoulders, and the rest proportionable. Tis different from all the modern Sorts of Earthen Ware that I have observed, which hath made the Description more particular, to know whether the Criticks will allow it to be of Roman Antiquity; in which Times we are told they had Images of their Gods, not only of Silver, Brass and Stone, but Earthen Ware. I should not have been so pendulous if I was certain that it was found at Aldburgh, (from whence my Father had many Roman Curiosities transmitted by Mr. Gilbert the Vicar) but being then very young, I cannot be positive.

The Head of Seneca in Plaister; it is very large, a Yard within six Inches round, seems to be ancient and very agreeable to his Statue at Rome: This was amongst the Lord Fairfax's Curiosities. Atlas. An Emperor's Bust. Helena's. Laocoon and his Sisters. Archbishop Dolben's, from his Tomb. Mr. John Thoresby's the Antiquary. A Skeleton in Metal; it is well done, but only to the short Ribs. Venus and Cupid in Wax-work. A Sort of Bachus, or Antick, pouring out Liquor, with a Bull's Head betwixt his Thighs, or perhaps a Rams, relating to some Local Custom, like that of a Flitch of Bacon at Dunmoe in Essex: It is of Wood, and hath in old Characters Belly merry In a different script.

The History of Joseph of Arimathea's entombing our Saviour, whose emaciated Corps is very well represented in the Winding-sheet. There are eight Statues in Alabaster (Parcel gilt) in the Compass of nine Inches broad, and thirten thirteen long. It is supposed to have been an Altar-Piece at Kirkstall Abbey, where being concealed at the Dissolution of the House; it was found about fifty Years ago, and preserved by Justice Stanhope, and sent me by his Relict. The History of our Saviour' s Ascension supposed to have belonged to the old Temple at Newsam, being found in an ancient Building there. Don. D. Bywater. The Offerings of the Three Kings or Magi, (Old English in the Saxon); it is about half a Yard high, the Drapery well performed; it was sent me from besides Fountain's Abbey by Mrs. Hincks. St. Cuthbert, with a Book in one Hand, and the Head of St. Oswald the King, by the other, of which see Cressy's Church Hist. XV. 361. It was found near Burnsal Church, and given me by the Rev. Mr. Clapham Vicar of Bradford.

The History of ----- found at or near Yorke; it is good Workmanship, but not enough remaining to express the Story; sent by Mr. Gyles the famous Glass-Painter. An antique Head in Marble that belonged to the Virgin Mary's Shrine at York Minster; sent me by Mr. Sam. Carpenter the Statuary. John the Baptist's Head in a Platter, with this Inscription in old Letters, Inter nat: Mulier nō: sur: (surrexit) maj: Johē: Bapt: It is in Metal, twenty Inches in Circumference. The Heads of Otho and Vitellius in Plaister, from Aldburgh. Don. D. Eliz. Aldburgh. The first twelve Roman Emperors, done in Plaister by R. Th. Cardinal Wolsey's Head very well performed in Wood, found in the Ruins of the Archbishop's House at Cawood. Don. D. Jo. Etty Architect. The Head of King Charles I. seems to be black Marble, but is of the Lancashire Canal-Coal. The Present of the Lady Thornton. Lewis le Grand in Plaister, inscribed, Lud XIIII D G Fr: et Nav: Rex. Sir Paul Rycaut, the Learned Consul, in Wax, very curiously done at Hamburgh, K. Solomon's Judgment upon the Two Harlots, wherein are about a Dozen Figures in less than three Inches Diameter. Another half a Yard in Circumference, both of Metal and very well performed. The History of Elijah under the Juniper-Tree, supported by an Angel, 1 Kings 19. It is well performed in Wood by the celebrated Mr. Grindlin Gibbon, when Resident at Yorke, six Inches in Length, and four in Breadth. The same History wrought from it in Silk-work, by Mrs. Catharine Thoresby (my Mother-in-Law). A Mould for the History of our First Parents in Paradice, well designed, bought of the Executors of the said ingenious Mr. Gyles, together with an Excellent Statue of our Blessed Saviour, as bound to a Pillar in order to be scourged, so admirably express'd, that I confess, I cannot look upon it without Concern, and yet dread not the Scandal of Superstition. These are each a Foot high.

Matters relating to the Romish Superstition.

A Surprizing Representation of the Trinity, wherein the first Person is drawn as an Old Man with a triple Crown; the second with the Cross, and the third as a Dove, with Rays of Glory about each, and these Words inscribed, "In this Picture is represented, that of the Apostle St. Paul, Rom. 16. v. 27. saying, To God the only wife, through Jesus Christ to whom, together with the Holy Ghost, be Honour, Glory for ever and ever Amen. In the old Edition of the Horæ Beatis: Mariæ (a rare Book in this Musæum), the blessed Trinity is represented by three Heads. Upon one Neck of a humane Body, pag. xx, b. and pag. xlii, a. is that of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary described by Bishop Burnet in his Excellent History of the Reformation (Vol. II. p. 60.) as that of the Trinity, but is strictly that of the Assumption of the Virgin, who is represented between the Father (with Triple Crown, &c.) and the Son. Of the Medals relating to her Immaculate Conception, and to other Saints, to the Jubilees, &c. see before. What appertains to this Place are certain Superstitious Pictures, and pretended Relicks: As a Picture of the Virgin Mary surrounded with a Glory, the Moon under her Feet, treading upon the Old Dragon; over her Head the Trinity, as in the first Picture, and below all Marie conceived without Original Sin. Two different Accounts of the Original of this Feast may be seen in the Legenda Aurea Sanctorum of Jac. De Varagine; of which I have a rare Edition printed at Paris, An. 1475. The Picture of our Lady of Loretto, and her Son, painted and gilt upon red Silk, brought for me from Spain, by Mr. Chr. Wilkinson of Armley, Chaplain in a Man of War. The Darkness of her Face, (painted as a Black-moor) and Brightness of her Garments glittering with Gold are both unaccountable. The Figure of the Sole of her Shoe, upon which is written, ┼ This is the just Mea sure of the Foot of the blessed Virgin Mary, cut out by the Shoe which is kept in a Monastery of Monks in Spain. ┼ Pope John the 22d hath granted 700 Years of Indulgence to all those who will kiss the Measure three Times a Day, saying three Ave's ┼. This is just 7 Inches in Length, wanting a Quarter of an Inch of the Spanish Original, as printed by Rivet, and set forth with Licence.

The Story of St. Thomas Becket's Murther, who is represented as saying Mass at the high Altar, and the Russians breaking in upon him; it is upon Copper, gilt and enamel'd. Don. D. Sam. Smith. A Bit of Marble from his Shrine at Canterbury, and a Fragment of painted Glass (thicker than the Marble) from the same Cathedral, sent me by Mrs. Sar. Speering of London, who also gave me a Sort of Wafer, or Past, with a Crown impress'd upon it, said to be made up with the Virgin Mary's Milk. An Agnus Dei of Silver, with unknown Relicks therein; on one Side is engraved the old Character for Jesus, on the other, the Holy Lamb. Another small one of Brass, with the embossed Heads of St. Igna. Loyola, and St. Franc. Xaverius. Two Wafers for the Eucharist; one has the Figure of our Saviour upon the Cross, the other I H S, with a Cross above, and Nails below. An Agnus Dei from Rome the last Jubilee; it is of pure white Wax inscribed, Ecce Ag. Dei qui tol. pec. mundi. and below the Lamb, Innocen. XII. P. M. An. Iub. 1700. Upon the Reverse the Picture of S. Felix Valois F. Ord. S S. T. R. C. Another less, and somewhat different. A Jubilee Ring of blew Glass and Enamel. A Crucifix in Brass cast hollow; a lesser, solid and gilt, very well performed. A very small one in Silver. A Madonna in Copper. A small Cross of Lignum Vitæ, brought from an Hermitage upon Mount Serrat in Spain, and given me by Dr. Pelham Johnston. Another brought from Jerusalem, and given me by Seign. Sebast. Altchribel. This is inlaid with Ivory and Mother of Pearl, that Part within the white Lines is pretended to be the Wood of our Saviour's Cross. A small one of Geat found in a Grave at Leedes. The Draught in Oil Colours of the noted Cross at Doncaster, whereupon is inscribed, ┼Cest est la Cruice Ote: d: Tilli: a ki aime Deu en face merci. Am.

The Head of a Crosier's Staff; it is of Copper gilt and enamel'd, in the Form of a Serpent, the Scales of a changeable Blew, very natural, but so is not the Head, which being designed for Shew on both Sides, has a Face and two Eyes on each Side. Don. D. Sam. Smith. Part of a Priest's Habit, concealed at the Reformation in a double bottom Ark near a Chantry in Leedes: It has three Pictures of St. Peter, &c. delicately wrought in Silver and Silk of divers Colours; part of the said Vestment fell into the Hands of one who burnt it merely for the Silver's Sake, though she had too much before; but this, and a Manuscript found with it, were preserved by my Father. The Pix, or huel-bozhusel-bozhuel-boxhusel-box (a little Iron Locket) from Kirkstal Abbey for the Eucharist, or haliᵹe huelhalige husel, as I apprehend from Linwood's Const. Prov. but am since told by a Person of Honour, that it was for preserving the Relicks, which Party having been at Rome, with the last Ambassador that was sent from the Crown of England to the Pope, may well be presumed very knowing in these Matters; however it comes under the more general Notion of huel-fauhusel-fatu, or Vasa Sacra; (Wheelock's Bede, p. 98.) As also doth the Foot of a Lamp, or leoh-æleoht-faet; it is of Copper engraved in Branches, with this Inscription in old Letters, (The S in Jesus like C) Ihc. Nazarenus, rex Judeorum fili Dei Miserere mei. The Figure of St. Anthony in Padua, in an Oval Copper very well per formed in Bass-Relieve, embracing and kissing our Saviour, who in the Form of a lovely Child, sits upon his Book; (see Patrick's Reflect. p. 322.) Don. Jo. Boulter Arm. The Picture of St. Anthony the Hermit, with his Bell, Book and Pig, the Prayer to him for Cure of the Inflammation commonly called St. Anthony's Fire, may be seen in the Horæ beatæ Mariæ, before-mentioned, p. 84. b. This came from a Religious House in Derbyshire, and was given me by the Rev. Mr. Jackson Rector of Addel: It is painted upon Glass, as is also the Holy Banner, with Spes mea in Deo est; the Crown of Thorns, and other Fragments of Crucifixes, from the Windows of the Parish Church at Leedes. But what is most remarkable is a small Quarry from York-Minster, (Don. Hen. Gyles,) wherein a Goose in a Religious Habit is carrying the Crosier's Staff, &c. the Procession is made up of the like Fowls: This seems to have been made in Hatred of the Monks, whom the Secular Clergy abhorred for encroaching upon their Rights, and being now repossessed thereof, recriminate, &c.

A Set of Beads, or more strictly a Corona Virginis; it is of fine wrought Ivory dyed a Crimson Colour. A lesser Set, of different Number as well as Workmanship. A much finer Set upon a Crimson Ribband near two Yards long. This was taken from the Image of the Virgin Mary at Alicant, and brought thence by Capt. Cary. Don. D. Fr. Middlebrook. I must confess my self at a Loss for the strict Number of Ave's that compose the Crown of our Lady; the first of these hath 53 Ave's (and six Pater Nosters): That which was used by the Countess of Richmond (Mother to K. Hen. 7th), Bishop Fisher tell us had 63, and this last hath 74. if, according to the different Places, Rome held then the Medium, for the Cardinal saith expresly, that the Countess's was after the Manner of Rome. Of the Virgin's having ten Prayers for one to her Son, see a noted Vicar of Leedes Works †, wherein he refers to a particular Form, wherein were 150 Ave's, yet is quite out-done as to Nubmer by the Jesus Psalter, wherein the Word Jesu is repeated in the 15 Petitions 450 Times: But to give them their due, in the late Edition of King James the IId's Time they are reduced to 150. I have both the Editions.

A Penitentiary Discipline from Vigo, An. 1702. It is of Hair with Knots six or eight Inches distant from each other. Don. D. Jo. Cookson Lond. Incence from the same Place. Don. D. E. Aldburgh. A Picture of God the Father, as an old Man in the Clouds, with Justinian Patriarch of Venice, and other Saints below, brought me from Spain by the Reverend Mr. Chr. Wilkinson. The Invention and Exaltation of the Cross, curiously represented in various Figures in Silver upon transparent Horn; upon a Cross surrounded with Cherubs is Hallelujah in large Capitals; upon each of which are Inscriptions in lesser Letters, as Crux æterna Dei, &c. Upon the Head of the Cross Benedictum Lignum.

In the Musæum Tradescant are mentioned Pieces of Stone from Apollo's Oracle, Diana's Tomb, &c. which may keep me in Countenance for reciting what follows. A Stone from Jacob's Well, Another from the River Euphrates. A Bit of that called Jonah's Rock, of which Mr. Gordon well observes (Georg. Gram. p. 269.) that, though it be doubtful whether the ruinous old Monument, known by that Name, was erected upon that Occasion; yet it is highly probable, that this individual Part of Scanderoon Bay, was the very Place of the Whales Delivery, it being the nearest to Nineveh of any in the Levant. This was brought from thence, and given me by James Winter of Berwick, Surgeon to a Man of War for Turkey. Also a Bit of Stone that himself broke off Lazarus's Tomb. A small Fragment of the Pillar of Salt that is shewed to Travellers, as that into which Lot's Wife was converted from amongst the Collections of Mrs. Sarah Speering. To these may be added a Stone from St. Winifred's Well, with the indelible Spots of her Blood, but should have been placed (if not mislaid) as St. Hilda's Snakes amongst the natural Stones.

Seals, Impressions, Copper-Plates, &c.

FORFor the Cornelian Signets, see the Roman Antiquities. A very ancient and small Stone to be set in a Ring 1 h x, which I take to be the old Cypher for Jesus, the only Difficulty is in the later, which is S or C: But when I had the Honour (in Company of the Learned Dr. Gale) to be known to his Excellency Baron Spanheim, then Ambasador from the King of Prussia to K. William, I presently learned that x is very often used for S, not only upon some ancient Coins, but Marbles. A large Copper Oval with IHS, in modern Characters, with the Cross above and wounded Head and Nails below, the whole surrounded with Rays of Glory. But this seems rather designed to make Wafers for the Eucharist, or perhaps for the Impression upon certain Books. A Seal in a smaller Oval with the Portraiture of St Margaret inscribed in obsolete Characters Saunca Margaretta. It was an early Custom among the Christians to have the Names and Pictures of their Tutelar Saints cut upon their Signets. The Seal of the Gray-Friars at Bedford, tho' found at Ardington Nunnery in Yorkeshire: It is inscribed S. Communitatis: Frm: minor Bedfordi. (Don. D. Sam. Ibbetson Merc. Leod.) The Seal of the Prioress of Tuba, round the Virgin Mary with her Son is inscribed S (for Sigillum, as in the former) Helisadis porisse de Tuba. This, and the former are Oval, what follows are Circular. A large one of Copper with the Angel Gabriel, and the Salutation, ┼ Ave Maria Gracia plena, Dominus tecm tecum. Another with the Virgin and our Saviour with this Legend, ┼ Virgo Pudica Pia, nostri miserere Maria. These three were sold amongst old Metal, but preserved for me by Mr. Sam. Smith Bell-Founder at Yorke, with two lesser of later Dates, one hath the Duke of Yorke's Head with D Y under a Ducal Coronet. The other a Talbot upon a Wreath under a Viscount's. A small one but more ancient, hath Z between two Crosses, inscribed, Gurdon de Pontfrac: Sent me by the Reverend Mr. Lascels Lecturer at Pontfract. A Brass Seal Ring found at Kirkstal-Abbey, but seems not very ancient; it hath a Demi-Lion upon a Tower. Don. D. Jo. Rontree Alderm. Leod.

A Bull of Pope Innocent 6. to induct Will Donke Priest into the Mediety of the Vicaridge of Rotherham, and expel Robert Maplebeck, dated at Avignon, An. 1361. which Year John Thoresby, Archbishop of Yorke, Cardinal, and Chancellor of England, laid the first Stone of the Quire of that Cathedral, his Seal is inscribed, S. S. Johis: tt: Sci: P. ad vincula Presbyteri Cardinalis. (Sigillum Johannis titulo Sancti Petri ad vincula); which Festival was Aug. 1, called also Lammas-Day from a Custom of the Tenants that held of the Cathedral of Yorke to bring a live Lamb into the Minster on that Day, in Acknowledgment of their Tenure, (Clavis Calendaria, pag. 75. Don. Jac. Torre Arm. The Seal of a Bull of Pope Nicholas the 5th, who was a great Restorer of Learning; and, Constantinople being taken in his Time, he collected, with incredible Charge, a vast Number of Greek and Latin Manuscripts. This Seal agrees with that of Innocent 6. not only in the Metal (Lead), but having the Heads of St. Paul and St. Peter, above which S. P A. S. P E. Upon the Reverse of the former is Innocentius P P V I upon the later Nicolanus P P. V. The Impression of the Seal found in a Vault in the Church at Beverley, with the Ashes of St. John of Beverley, and the Inscription recited in Dr. Gibson's Edition of the Britannia, pag. 743. Impressions of other Seals, ┼ S. Edv. Reg. Angl. ad recogn. debitor. apud Wygan. Another found at Beverley but without any Inscription; it hath the Image of a Saint or Archbishop with the Cross-Keys upon his Breast. Of that used during the Vacancy of the Archbishop of Yorke. Prerogative Court at London. Surrogate at Lincoln. Peculiar at Selby (with the Effigies of St. German, inscrbedinscribed, ┼ Sigil. Cur: Spial: sive peculiar: Jur: scti: Germani de Selby in Com. Ebor.) Another inscribed, Seel Jehan de Fontan. That of the Spanish Admiral, An. 1588: Given me by Mr. Ob. Walker, late Master of University. Col. Oxford. And to mention no more; that used in the late Times for the Approbation of Ministers, the Original Seal in Silver is 2 ½ Inches broad, is with other Curiosities in Possession of my honoured Friend Robert Parker, of Carlton, Esq;. In a Book expanded is writ, The Word of God, and round it, The Seal for Approbation of Ministers. For other Seals of Bishops, Abbots, Cities, &c. See Diploma's, and ancient Writings.

Copper-Plates. The noted Gate-House at Wærton, engraved by Hollar, and inserted in Thoroton's Hist. of Nottinghamshire (pag. 98.) Don. D. Jo. Boulter Arm. Lambeth-House or Pallace, etched by Mr. Will Lodge of Leedes. Also some Italian Ruins, with a distant Prospect of Rome, by the same ingenious Gent. St. George and Dragon, and other two of uncertain Hands. The Picture of Mr. Henry Gyles, the famous Glass-Painter at Yorke, wrought in Mezzo-Tinto, by the celebrated Mr. Fran. Place, when that Art was known to few others. Bought, with other Curiosities, of Mr. Gyles's Executors. Ticho Brahe's System very well engraved upon Wood for the Printing-Press. A Dye from the Mint for coining Brass-Pennies, when private Tradesman had Liberty of inserting their Names and Device (this is Beware of the Beare 1670, round that Animal) upon their currant Monies. Don. D. Jac. Dawson. One Stamp inscribed, White Clothiers Seale. Another Faulty to mark the Delinquents.

Heathen Deities, Amulets, Charms.

A Pagod, or Temple, the Out-side painted with Japan black Varnish; the In-side wholly gilt, with an Image therein of very curious Workmanship, from the East-Indies: It has three Heads one above another, and on each Side Ten Hands (to denote Omnipotency), besides the two that are direct before in a supplicating Posture, somewhat like Bramma of the Malabarians, of which see the pious Danish Missionaries Account (pag. 20, 21.) Don. D. Jo. Boulter Arm. A deformed Idol from the West-Indies; it is of white Stone, but scarce any Thing so much as Humane in the Figure, yet adored by the Natives of Jamaica (who had fled with it to the Mountains of Leguanee) whence it was brought me by Mr. Sam. Kirkshaw Merchant. Another of black, yet more deformed with a Beasts Head, &c. Don. Sam. Molineux Arm.

Amulets. Glain Neidir or Adder-Beads; here are two from Wales, sent me by Mr. Lhwyd, of which see his accurate Description of that Principality in the Britannia, pag. 683, and the Figure of them, pag. 697. One is of blew Glass with white Snakes upon it. The other curiously undulated with blew, white, and red. These he takes to have been used by the Druids themselves, and so handed down from Parents to Children every since. It is most certain that the Ignorant and Credulous are so fond of them, that they will not part with them for Love or Money; and not only the Vulgar, but Persons of good Education are fully persuaded, that the Snakes make them; that they are Preservatives from all Dangers, and that whoever finds one will prosper in all his Undertakings. The said Author gives also the Figure of one of Earth enamel'd, with blew, and furrowed on the Out-side, of which Sort I have one that was found in the Roman Burying-Place at Yorke, and the Fragments of a smooth one that hath been larger. One of Jeat, and another of Amber, that being found singly in ancient Ruins, and another of a Sort of Agate, or reddish Stone polished, seem to have been applied to the like Uses. Of the Jeat Rings there is another Sort much larger, viz. two Inches, or 2 ½ Diameter, which being too large for Rings, and too small for Armillæ or Bracelets, have probably been used also as Amulets. A thin one with Notches on the outer Edge, was sent me by my Lord Bishop of Carlisle, and a thicker waved, was given my Father by Dr. Lister; and both, if I mistake not, found with Roman Antiquities. A round flat Stone perforated in the Center doth exactly fit one of these Rings; it was found amongst the Roman Monuments at Adle before-mentioned, pag. 162. A Brass Head like that found in Denbighshire, and is engraved, as an Amulet, Cam. Brit. Pag 697. save that this hath an Helmet.

Mr. Lhywd takes the said Adder-Bead Amulets, to be a notable distinguishing Mark of the British Nation, and the Elfes-Arrows of the Scotch. These are of Flint in the Form of an Arrows Head, and are sometimes set in Silver, and worn as Amulets, against being Elf shot, Phil. Trans. N° 269. For their Opinion in this Matter is, that the Fairys (not having much Power themselves to hurt Animal Bodies) do sometimes carry Men into the Air and employ them in shooting Men and Cattle. This was sent me by Mr. Ja. Sutherland of Edinburgh. Another I received from the Reverend Mr. Clegg near Buxton in Derbyshire, where they are frequently plowed up, and are there called British Arrows. Here is also an Indian Arrow armed with a Flint like these in Form, but an Orange Colour. Mr. Lhwyd also informed me by Letters (July 1702), that the High-landers do at this Day use also the Echinites Galeatus, and the Pileatus, as Amulets; the former they call the Stone of Victory, or Duel-stone, and the other they esteem as efficacious in preventing Damage by Fire or Water; here is one of either Sort. And to shew how difficult it is to obliterate superstitious Customs that have been once received in those darker Ages, here is a Stone that, because it hath two Holes naturally formed therein, some of the Vulgar, even in these Parts of England, apprehend, if tied about the Neck of any bewitched Animal, will unspell the Charm. Don. Rev. Jo. Astley. An ancient Statue, the Remains whereof are now in this Musæum, was defaced by the superstitious Conceit of the Boors, who finding it under Ground, concluded it a Token of concealed Treasure; to discover which they bound Withys or Wreaths of Straw about the poor Roman Knight, and burnt him in Hopes of a Discovery of the Treasure by some Magical Apparition in the Smoke, which Notion seems a Relick of the Heathen Λιβανομαντεία, or Divination by Smoke or Incence.

There are none of the Adder-beads to be met with in Ireland, that Country having no Snakes; but here is an Amulet from thence every whit as efficacious; it is near an Inch long, and of the Colour of Amber. To these may be added an Ancient Ring, which I suppose belonged to the famous Richard Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, having his Device upon his Signet, viz. a Bear with a ragged Staff; for which see his Monument in Sir W. Dugdale's Hist. of that County: The Motto is anang apta, an agreeable Fate or Destiny, which may perhaps relate to his Martial Disposition and Victories in France: It is composed of Links of Iron or Steel very odly twisted with the Brass, on each Side of the Signet (which is of a third Metal, viz. Copper gilded) is a glassy Ruby. The Samothracians, who were noted of old for these Practices had Stars of Iron in their Rings of Gold. On one Side of the said Inscription is the old Character for Jesus; and on the other, Christ, with a Cross by each. There was a vast Variety of Rings or Amulets, which in the dark Days of Popery were eagerly sought after by poor deluded People, with different Saints upon them; but the Name of Jesus was a standing Charm, not only upon them, but even amongst the Turks, as appears by Dr. Smith's Letter, Registered in the Phil. Trans. N° 155. A Silver Talisman from the Lord Fairfax's Curiosities, on one Side is an unintelligible Character, upon the other in modern Letters L H with ☿ and . Another with a Globe and Cross upon one Side, and an Anchor of Hope on the other, with crooked Lines and Figures round; the former is engraved, this stamped as Money, both have a Hole punched to hang about the Neck. A third (sent me by Robert Plompton, of Plompton, Esq;) hath the Area fill'd with Planetary Characters, and this Inscription round, In Deo confido, revertentur Inimici mei retrorsum: Upon the other Side are Jupiter and Venus embracing each other, inscribed, A pavore inimici Custodi vitam meam oh tu Jehova, with ♃ and ♀ in Conjunction in ♓. The Effects formerly attributed to these Figures were altogether miraculous; the Spark, for whom this was erected, expected, by Virtue thereof, to obtain both Honour and Beauty; that with Mercury was for Success in Merchandizing and Gaming. These are engraved upon Silver; those used of old for the Preservation of Cities were Statuary Telesms made under a certain Configuration of the Heavens, the most propitious that could be for the Time and Place. The Blind and the Lame hated by David's Soul, 2 Sam. 5. 8. are by some Learned Interpreters taken for these Images. And the brazen-Serpent, which Moses (the Talisman, as those who write in Defence of the Practice, affect to call him) made in the Wilderness is said to be the first Occasion, not given, but taken, of all these Telesmatical Practices, (Gregory's Notes upon the Scripture, p. 41.) I shall conclude this Matter with a Charm, sent me by Capt. Furness, who saw it taken out of the Pocket of an Irish Soldier, who was slain in a Skirmish, notwithstanding the Protection he promis'd himself from this Billet of the three Kings of Cologn, which is thus inscribed, Sancti tres Reges, Caspar, Melchior, Balthasar Orate pro nobis nunc & in hora mortis nostræ. ""Ces Billets ont touch‚ "aux trois testes des Saints Rois a Colonge ils sont pour les Voyageurs "contre les malheurs des chemins, maux de Teste mal caduque, fievres, sorcellerie toute sorte de malefice & morte subite." To this Charm may be added another Sort of a Cheat, one Walter Freazer pretending that his Tongue was cut off by the Turks, had imposed upon most Parts of England, during his four Years Vagrancy, begging with the Account of his miserable Case writ upon his Breast, many Justices and Physicians had attempted the Discovery of the Imposture, but in Vain till Mr. John Morris of Leedes, by his assimiliating Temper (which he inherited from his Grand-Father Colonel Morris, who surprized Pontfract Castle for K. Charles I.) discovered the Cheat; and that the said Youth had learnt beyond Sea the Trick of drawing his Tongue so far into his Throat, that it appeared like a Stump only: Hereupon the said Freazer was sent first to the House of Correction, and the begging Billet deposited here by the said Mr. Morris, who was also famous for Pantomimian or Antick-Dancing, which Archbishop Usher tells us was first used at Rome, An. I P. 4579.

Curiosities enamel'd, gilt; Paintings, &c.

THEThe Houses of Parliament curiously enammel'd upon Gold. Thomas Lord Fairfax the General of their Forces, upon Chessnut his Charging-Horse, with distant Prospects of Armies, Gladiators, &c. and in a Scroll, Sic radiant Fideles: Upon the other Side is the fatal Battle at Naseby. All three are express'd with so much Art, that the Metal, tho' Gold, is but as Dross compared with the Workmanship; in a Scroll is writ non nobis. The Whole comprised in an Inch and half Diameter, yet so exquisitely performed, that the Countenances of particular Persons may be discovered. It was a Present from the Parliament to the General, and was purchased by my Father with his noble Collection of Medals. Materiam superabat opus. A very broad antique Gold Ring, supposed to have been that of Richard Duke of Yorke (Father to K. Edw. 4th), being found in the Place where he was slain (which is to be perpetually fenced in, by Vertue of the Tenure of the Land) near Wakefield Bridge: Upon the Out-side is engraved the Picture of the Virgin Mary, with our Saviour and two other Saints; and upon the In-side, in the Characters of that Age, pour bon Amour. The Frame of an Hour Glass of Copper, of fine Workmanship, the Figures very ancient. ATalbot within the Garter under an Earl's Coronet, engraved upon Mother of Pearl. The Head of K. Charles I. painted to be set in a Ring. That of Christina Queen of Sweden, curiously enamell'd in the same Compass; her Successor's, Carolus Gustavus, of great Value, because in a less Compass, being little more than a Quarter of an Inch, yet very distinct. Two Hands conjoined, in white Enamel.

The Misery of War, admirably express'd in most noble Painting upon a Copper-Plate, near two Foot broad, and 2 ½ in Length, every Figure merits a Comment; the various Passions being express'd with so particular a Pathos, as is surprizing. Belshasar's Feast, excellently painted upon Board. It seems to be an Original, as the former indisputably is. The Heads of K. Henry 4. and K. Hen. 5. Charles 5. Emperor, and his Son Philip, King of England and Spain. Queen Mary, and Q. Elizabeth, K. James I. and Q. Anne; his Son-in-Law Frederick K. of Bohemia, and Q. Elizabeth, Mother to the Princess Sophia. The Duke of Alva, Oliver Cromwell, quondam-Protector; Mr. Pym, and Tho. Lord Fairfax, the General. Wicliffe, Tindal and Knox (Don. D. S. Wainwright); Dr. Donne, Mr. Marvel, Mr. Bowles, and Mr. Wales. Old Tho. Par, and Mr. Henry Giles, the noted Glass-Painter; all these in Oil-Colours upon Wood or Cloth. Sir Tho. Gascoigne in small upon Copper. Not to mention Family-Pieces, though some are of good Workmanship, particularly one in Miniature to be worn upon the Breast.

To these may be added the Collection of printed Heads and Effigies of famous and illustrious Persons, which a celebrated Author recommends to the Curious (a), to supply the Defect of Medals wherein our Nation hath been too remiss. Of these I have a Volume collected by the Lord Fairfax, containing about 150 Heads chiefly of the famous Warriors in foreign Parts that were his Contemporaries at large. To which I have added several Volumes of my own collecting here and beyond Sea, placed in the following Method: First, the Kings and Queens of this Island, and others of the Royal Family; then the Nobility, according to the Reigns they flourished in, with the Warriours and private Gentry in a Chronological Series. The Archbishops and Bishops are introduced by the Martyrs and Confessors of their venerable Order, and succeeded by other learned Dignitaries, and pious Divines of both Denominations. The Judges are attended by the Literati of the Laity in all Faculties, Physicians, Philosophers, Historians, Poets, Painters and other Artists. Some learned and pious Ladies are interspers'd. As to those of other Nations, the Popes are preceded by their Saints. The Emperors attended by the Kings of the several Nations, as they are by their Ministers of State and Nobility. The Cardinals and other Dignitaries of the Roman Church, are succeeded by the Reformed Divines, &c. amounting in all to 1400 or 1500, wherein are many done by the most celebrated Hands.

Other Collections of Prints, Histories, Maps, &c. shall for Brevity's Sake be wholly waved, (except some Prospects betwixt Rome and Naples, both delineated and etched by the learned and ingenious John Evelyn Esq; who presented them to me with his Picture engraved by the noted Nanteil, and are not to be met with, save in private Hands.) But Designs drawn by the Pens of ingenious Gentlemen ought to be particularly valued. Of these I have some Originals of the noted Hollars; others by the late ingenious Tho. Kirke Esq; and a Map of Skireake by his Clark, Mr. John Marsh. Several Prospects from the Via Appia, &c. taken by Mr. Will Lodge of Leedes, in his Journey to Rome, and presented to me by the late worthy Hen. Watkinson L L D, and Chancellor to four Archbishops of Yorke, who was also a Native of this Town: Other Prospects by the said ingenious young Gentleman, particularly Yorke, Leedes, Durham, Newcastle, Berwick, Carlisle, Edinburgh, Glascow, &c. The Tables of Entrochi and Astroites, the Multangular Tower and Roman Wall inserted in the Phil. Trans. The best Draught of the Monument at London, was both delineated and etched by him: He drew also the noted Bridge in Languedoc three Stories high of Arch-work, which is rare to be had, though printed. Mr. Hen. Gyles's Historical Draught for Windows. Tinmouth Castle and Light-House, by that excellent Artist Mr. Fran. Place of Yorke, who has performed that Cathedral most accurately; as also both the Churches and Prospect of Leedes. Some Math ematical Bodies by the curious Pen of the incomparable Mr. Sharp, as he is stiled by the Publisher of some of his accurate Performances (b)(b) (a) Math. Tables contrived after a most comprehensive Way, p. 55., which "are sufficient to exhibit the Circumference of the Globe of the Earth, so truly as not to err the Breadth of a Grain of Sand in the whole." These Artists are only mentioned last, because still surviving. A Draught also of Moses and Aaron, and the Giving of the Law, as painted with exquisite Art in the Parish Church of Leedes, by Mons. J. Permentier.

The Survey of the Rivers Ouse, Are and Calder, made by those sent from the Trinity-House at London, when the two later Rivers were made navigable. A Map of Yorkeshire in less than 2 ½ Inches. A Copy of the Prophetick Picture, concerning the Kings of England; the Original is carefully preserved in the Vatican; it was carried to Rome by one Thomson a Priest, about the Year 1626. My late pious Friend Dr. Fall, Præcentor of Yorke, saw it there, An. 1670, and by the Favour of Cardinal Howard procured a Copy of it, whence I took this. It is divided into eight Scenes: In the first, the Crosses are falling down from the Churches, and by the King is writ, A Thief; in the 2d they are re-erected by Queen Mary, by whose Picture is writ, God for the Woman: In the 3d the Church is on a Flame, and by Queen Elizabeth is writ, Persecution. By King James in the 4th, A Goer about, a Man killer, with Axes, &c. and some of the Romish Clergy laid dead. The preceding four are all crowned, but that of the 5th for King Charles I. is at a Distance from his Head, with Armies, &c. The 6th instead of a King hath a headless Trophy, Cannons, Swords, &c. The 7th hath a young Prince at Rest, with his Sword at a Distance: In the 8th are Crosses erected, the Triple-Crown, Cardinals Caps, Crosier-Staffs, &c. the later four have no Words annexed, nor do they now need any. A Drawing of Mr. Will. Kent's, an ingenious Artist now at Rome, where he won the Prize of Drawing this very Year, from all the Students in that Science, for which his Holiness presented him with two Silver Medals of his own Bust, with St. Luke on the Reverse: He was also the first of the English Nation who was admitted into the Great Duke of Tuscany's Academy of Artists, which is an Honour to his Native County of Yorke: This Curiosity was the Present of my worthy Friend Mr. Sam. Gale (Son of the late excellent Dean of Yorke) from whom the learned World impatiently expects the History of the Cathedral of Yorke, wherein he hath made considerable Progress.

An Essay of Mrs. Walkier's Writing, who was blind from a Year old, of whom is a remarkable Account in Bp. Burnet's excellent and instructive Letters (pag. 116.) The Distich is, Linea si titubet, Lector, literæq; vacillent, Noris quam fallax sit sine luce manus. The said Right Reverend Prelate transmitted it to his Grace my Lord Archbishop of Yorke for this Musæum. A Calendar curiously writ and painted by Matthias Buckinger of Koningsberg (An. 1700) who was born without Hands and Feet. Don. D. Gul. Cookson Arm. Præt. Leod. A different Sort of his Writing given me by Alderman Dodgson. His Picture (the Copper-Plate said to be engraved by himself) with an Inscription below, writ by himself, when in Holland: Mr. Cranidge, who gave it me, saw him perform it; the preceding are also attested by Eye-witnesses. The Name and Motto of Jean Francois Blanchet, who was born at Bern without Arms. Hans Valery's Picture and Writing below, 1709, when at London and Leedes. Mr. Jonas Whittington's, who was deaf and dumb brone (as he mistook it for borne), he paints after the Life in Oil Colours, and writes well after Copies; but when his own Conceptions, is much at a Loss in the Prepositions, Monasyllables, &c. All these, with the Swiffers, I saw written. The Continuation of several Columns in Mr. Tallent's Chronological Tables, delicately writ by himself, when he was Fourscore and four Years of Age, and sent me by that good old Saint. Sermon Notes of Mr. George Beaumont, who suffered for K. Charles I. so close writ that there are 20 or 21 Lines in an Inch. Don. Rev. Fran. Drake Pontfrac. A Sermon or Mr. Rob. Porters, a N C. who are frequently reflected upon as long winded, yet a Leaf in 8vo. comprizes the whole: It is not only legible, but delicately writ, yet so close that 28 Lines come within the Space of an Inch. Don. Rev. Gul. Moult Leod. A very small Writing of Mr. Sam. Walker's of Leedes. A Bond in Court-Hand in one Line, and the Condition in another, writ by the curious Pen of Mr. Robert Jackson also of Leedes, who engraves well, though infinitely short of that celebrated Artist, and my kind Friend, Mr. John Sturt of London, who is famous for his Skill and Dexterity in Graving, and has, besides many other exquisite Performances, engraved the Lord's Prayer in so small a Compass, that a Silver Half-penny covers it; and the Creed within that of a mill'd Penny; and both of them, with the Ten Commandments, the Magnificat, the Prayer for the King and Queen, the Prayer for the Royal Family, the Prayer for Clergy and People, the Prayer of St. Chrysostom, and the Blessing, in the Bigness of the Heads of their Majesties, upon a Medal, 1693.

A Saxon Charter transcribed from the Textus Roffensis by Jacob Smith, when but 9 ½, at which Age he was very curious at those ancient Scripts, as I was informed by the ingenious Mrs. Elstob, who gave it me, which learned Gentlewoman is preparing a noble Edition of the Saxon Homilies; as her eminent Brother, the Reverend Mr. William Elstob, Rector of St. Swithin's London, is engaged in that of the Saxon Laws. Part of a Writing in a large engrossing Hand, and part of the very same so small, as scarce to be read without Spectacles, the Parchment being shrunk up by a Fire made in the Oven where it was concealed in the Wars. A Specimen very finely writ with a Tobacco-Pipe, by Ed. Smith M. A. being Part of the Lord's Prayer in Latin, Greek and English, very nicely performed upon Parchment. Don. Rev. Jac. Talbot D. D. Ling. Hebr. apud Cantabrigiensis Prof. Reg. A small one, very fine upon Paper, by Mr. Morton of Leedes, with a Pen-Pipe that he writ with. A Pen made of a Porcupine Quill, Scripta etiam Calamo Acantho-Coiritico. Other antique Pens over-laid with Silk and Silver, which must all give Place to that venerable Pen, wherewith the Reverend Mr. Mat. Henry writ the far greatest Part of his Expositions of the Bible, viz. from the Beginning of Leviticus to the End of the Old Testament (except one Sheet) which makes four Volumes in Folio, in a very close small Character: With it he wrote also all the Sermons (which were not a few) and other Tracts composed in his own Study, from Nov. 1705 to Aug. 1712, when I procured it from the pious Author of those excellent Practical Expositions.

An Inkhorn from Moscow very curiously painted and gilt; as is also the Pen which is made of a Reed. Don. D. An. Banks. Another of Brass with Flowers, inscribed, I was in Sheffield made, and many can, witness I was not made by any Man. (Ellen Ellis fecit.) Two Indian Pencils fixed in Reeds seven Inches long. Don. D. Hum. Wanley. Two Indian Pictures of the same Dimension, very well painted and gilt upon their Paper. Different Sorts of Paper from very distant Parts of the World. A coarse Sort of yellow Paper from China, perhaps that made of the Tree Bambu or Cio, a paler yellow, but somewhat finer; a Lemon Colour finer than either: Red Paper and Blew; but the finest of all is that made of Cotton. Samples also of the ancient German, Venetian, Italianand French Paper, from 1470 to 1500; and of the English some Centuries before. Modern Paper from Venice, Rome, Constantinople, &c. An entire sheet of fine white transparent Paper from India; in Length a Yard, and near a Foot, though scarce two Foot broad. Don. D. Ju. Dickenson. Some of the Indian Paper is writ upon, which gives me the Occasion of mentioning the different Characters of several Nations.

A Plate of the Palmetto-Leaf writ upon, or more properly engraved or impress'd with a Stile; it is above half a Yard long, and but an Inch broad: Others, not writ upon, are an Inch and half deep, and near 12 in Length; these by a Hole punched at both Ends appear to have been designed for a Book, and to be filed upon Strings. A small Writing or Ticket upon a darker coloured Paper-Reed from the Bay of Bengall Of a different one from Malabar, see the various Editions of the Bible. The Chinese Characters and Language upon transparent Paper, with two Pictures. Indian Writing upon different Sorts of Paper with Red Ink and Black, one in Gold upon blew made up into a Fan, of which and others upon a Cane, see before. A different Character upon white Paper. An Example of the Sclavonian Character in a Roll of Paper about 14 Foot long. Don. D. Sam. Ibbetson Merc. A Book or Scroll of 17 Yards two Foot long, wrap'd up in Quarto eight Inches broad, from Onar in the Kingdom of Canara in the East-Indies; it is to be writ upon with a Slate Pen. Don. D. Tho. Wilson Merc. Part of a Letter writ by the King of Bantam upon a reddish Paper. Don. D. Sa. Speering. Several Lines in Arabick writ in the Lord H.'s Lodgings in Cambridgeshire, An. 1700, by Hamet Cardanash, Ambassador from the Emperor of Moroco. Don. D. Jac. Talbot D. D. An Autograph of Seraphim's, a Native Græcian, whose Translation of the New Testament into modern Greek, was printed Anno 1693. Don. Rev. Jo. Hardy. A Jewish Philactery in Hebrew, in a single Scroll of Parchment, with the four Sentences of the Law mentioned by Dr. Grew, amongst the Curiosities of the Royal Society, writ at my Request, and given by that learned Gentlewoman, Mrs. Eliz. Bland of Beeston in this Parish, who hath taught that Primitive Language (wherein she was instructed by the Lord Van Helmont) to her Son and Daughter. A Turkish Commission, given me by the said Mrs. Bland, the Paper is thick and smooth, and the Seal very large, viz. three Inches broad, and above half a Foot in Length. The Divan of Algiers's Pass to Sir John Lawson the Admiral 1663, in Arabick gilded. Don. D. Rob. Stephens Arm. This has a small Seal, but note, the Turks seal not with Wax, but Ink; the Emperor's Name being usually written with Flourishes, and in perplexed Characters; nor have they any Coat of Arms upon their Seals, there being no such Thing as Gentility among them. (Dr. Smith's Observa. of Contantinople, Phil. Trans. N° 155.) So the Manx Warrant or Token is not to be understood of one under Hand and Seal upon Paper, but of a blew Slate, about the Bigness of a Crown-Piece,with the Deemsters Mark upon it, which being delivered to the Defendant, he is obliged to appear. (Vide Cambd. Brit. N. E. p. 1066.) This hath upon one Side T S M (Tho. Sodor & Man), and upon the other the Governor's Mark, for the Person charged thereby, being a Soldier, was not to be forced from his Post by any Power but the Governor's. The Right Reverend Bishop of Man, from whom I received this Curiosity, writes they are now as much in Use as ever, and the People pay a readier Obedience to them, than to an Order under Hand and Seal.

The said Learned Prelate honoured me also with his Excellent Tract, The Principles and Duties of Christianity, &c. which is the first that was ever printed in the Manx Tongue; so that I have now seven Languages (not to mention Hebrew, Greek and Latin, or other learned Tongues, or the antiquated Gothick, Runic, or Saxon) that are all at this Day spoken, and printed within Her Majesty's Dominions, viz. English, French, Welsh, Scotch, Irish, Manx and Indian. And as to the Places of Impression, besides London and the two Universities: Here are of those printed at Yorke, Norwich, Nottingham, Newcastle, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, and Dublin, with Cambridge, and Boston in New-England. And in the English Tongue (for it would be an endless Task to recite those in other Languages) at Amsterdam, Hague, Delf, Rotterdam, Geneva, Basil, Wesel, Cologn, Antwerp, Dowayand Malborow in the Land of Hesse, where was an Edition of Genesisat the Beginning of the Reformation; which is so rare that it is omitted even in Le Long's Bibliotheca Sacra, which yet is the most accurate of any I have seen in that Kind, and tempts me to exhibit a Catalogue of the various Editions of the Bible, in Whole or in Part, which are more than are commonly met with in a private Library in these remote Parts.