The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700

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Caligula, Roman Emperor (31 Aug 12 - 24 Jan 41)

Roman Emperor 37-41 AD, known for his extravagance and cruelty. Full name: Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus (Birth to accession); Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (as Emperor). Dictionary of National Biography entry: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198606413.001.0001/acref-9780198606413-e-2772# Other biography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caligula Relationships: Caligula was a relative of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (c. 63 B.C.-12 B.C.)
Caligula was a son of Vipsania [the Elder] Agrippina (14 BC-33)

Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa (c. 63 B.C.-12 B.C.) was a relative of Caligula
Vipsania [the Elder] Agrippina (14 BC-33) was a mother of Caligula
Claudius I (01 Aug 10 BC-13 Oct 54 AD) was a uncle of Caligula
Servius Sulpicius Galba (03-69) was a employed by Caligula
Julius Caesar Germanicus (24 May 16/15 BCE-10 Oct 19 CE) was a father of Caligula
Marcus Julius Herod Agrippa I (10 BC-44 AD) was a employed by Caligula
Nero (15 Dec 37-09 Jun 68) was a relative of Caligula
Tiberius (16 Nov 42 BC-16 Mar 37 AD) was a uncle of Caligula
Aulus Vitellius (15-69) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Caligula
References in Documents:
Consolidated catalogue of 1695: The Book of the Vice-Chancellor (MacGregor, ed.) 400 C. Cæsar Aug. Germanicus. Pont. M. TR. Pot. S.C. Vesta. Vesta insidens. subsellio dextra pateram, sinistra hastam tenens. Ær. Germanicus Caligula. Vesta seated on a bench, holding a dish in her right hand and a spear in her left.
Consolidated catalogue of 1695: The Book of the Vice-Chancellor (MacGregor, ed.) Head of (perhaps) Caligula, in the same technique; oval in outline.
18th-c coin catalogue (Canterbury Cathedral Lit MS E 16d)
Caligula"> Coins of Caligula
No. 81.   place it 82 Head of Caius or Caligula. CAIVS CAESAR DIVI AVG PRON AVG IMP TRP IIII PP. Reverse Vesta sitting holding forth a Patera in her Right Hand. a spear or staff in her left. over her Head VESTA. Bargrave 6 : 5¼
No. 82 Head of Germanicus the Son of Tiberius. place it 81 GERMANICVS CAESAR TI.AVGVST F DIV ........ Reverse S.C. C CAESAR AVG GERMANICVS PON M TR POT. Bargrave 6 : 13 : ¾
No. 83 a Figure sitting &c underneath. PIETAS. C.CAESAR DIVI AVG PRON AVG PM TRP. IIII PP. Reverse a Temple 3 Persons bringing an oxe to be sacrificed DIVOAVG SC
Bargrave 17 : 19 :
Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713) The said Sepulchral Monument was happily rescued by Dr. Bryan Fairfax, from the brutish Workmen who had broke it in the Middle, and were going to make use of it for two Throughs, as they call them, to bind the Wall; but by that worthy Gentleman's Direction it was walled upright, with the Inscription and Effigies to the Front, and is since removed to the Gardens of Sir Hen. Goodrick at Ribston. This Brick had been several Times made use of, with broken Stones and Brick-bats, by Mr. Smith in making Moulds for casting Bells. Upon my Enquiry after Inscriptions in that ancient City, he recollected himself that he had seen some old Letters, but thought the Brick was lost, though upon Search we found the Piece which is inscribed, LEG. I X. VIC. This is also an Argument of the Peace these Parts enjoyed at that Time, which I take to be the later End of Severus's Reign, making Bricks, casting up High-ways, &c. being the usual Employment of Soldiers at such Vacancies. Sir Hen. Savile was of Opinion, that this Nona Hispaniensis in Britannia, was one of those established by Tiberius, Caius, or Claudius, or peradventure in the later End of Augustus; but however, that it was certainly here in Nero's Reign, and that Pet. Cerealis was then Lieutenant thereof, is indisputably evident from Tacitus, (Lib. 14. cap. 10.) where he gives a lamentable Account of the Slaughter of Seventy thousand Citizens, and Confederates, by the enraged Boadicea, in which Number was the Foot of this 9th Legion, Cerealis with the Horse hardly escaping.
Sale Catalogue of Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1764) 10 Julius 3, Agrippa 1, Augustus 5, Tiberius 2, Drusus 2, Germanicus 1, Agrippina 1, Caligula" ref="558">Caligula 1, and 2 more coins, A N° 84, N° 84, 85, 86, 87, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, and 106, in the Ducatus, p. 286, 287 18
Sale Catalogue of Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1764) 11 Coins of Caligula" ref="558">Caligula 3, Claudius 4, Nero 8. Galba 2, Vitellius 1, Vespasian 5, vide Ducatus, N° 108, 109, 110. 113, 114, 115., 121., 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130., 132., 135, 139, 140., 153., 159, 160., 165, 166, and 167 23
Sale Catalogue of Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1764) 34 Julius Cæsar 4, Augustus 5, Tiberius 1, Caligula 1, Claudius 3, Nero 5, Galba 4, Otho 1, vide N° 80, 81, 82, 83., 88, 89, 90, 91, 92., 99., 111., 118, 119, 120., 122, 123, 124., 131., 134., 136, 137, 138., 141 and 142 25