The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700

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Apollo (mythology) ( - )

Alias for Phoebus

Greek and Roman god of philosophy, medicine, prophesy and music. Dictionary of National Biography entry: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198606413.001.0001/acref-9780198606413-e-592?rskey=3PiJKu&result=1&q=apollo Other biography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo Relationships: Apollo (mythology) was a father of Asclepius (-)
Apollo (mythology) was a father of Orpheus (-)

Arion of Corinth (-fl. 625 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Apollo (mythology)
Diana / Artemis / Chastity (-) was a sister of Apollo (mythology)
Hecate / Trivia (-) was a relative of Apollo (mythology)
Jupiter / Zeus (-) was a father of Apollo (mythology)
References in Documents:
Consolidated catalogue of 1695: The Book of the Vice-Chancellor (MacGregor, ed.) 610 Imp. C. Victorinus P. F. Aug. Caput Victor. coron. radiat. Invictus. Solis vel Apollinis typus. Ær. Victorinus. Head of Victorinus in a radiate crown. Sol or Apollo type.
Consolidated catalogue of 1695: The Book of the Vice-Chancellor (MacGregor, ed.) 833 Imp. C. Claudius Aug. Apollini Cons. Apollo stans, dextra ramum, sinistra Citharam, aut Lyram. Ær. Claudius II. Standing Apollo, with a branch in his right hand and a harp or lyre in his left.
Consolidated catalogue of 1695: The Book of the Vice-Chancellor (MacGregor, ed.) 151 Antoninus Aug. Pius PP. TR.P. Cos. III. Apollini Augusto. Apollo dextra paterã, sinistra Lyram gerens. Ar. Antoninus Pius. Apollo with a dish in his right hand, a lyre in his left.
MS Book of the dean of Christ Church (MacGregor, ed.) 308 Marmor Parium impolitum de femore statuæ Apollinaris in eodem Templo. Unpolished Parian marble taken from the thigh of the statue of Apollo in the same temple.
MS Book of the dean of Christ Church (MacGregor, ed.) 487 Apollo Arion citharizans e Corallio cælatus, una cũmultis stalagmijs circum circa pendentibus. 447 Apollo [Arion] playing on the lyre, carved in coral, with many pendants hanging all around.
18th-c coin catalogue (Canterbury Cathedral Lit MS E 16d)
202 204 Head &c as the last. Rev: Apollo in his left Hand his Lyre in his Right APOLLONI CONS. Casaubon
Musaeum Clausum (1684)
3. Antiquities and Rarities of several sorts.

1. Certain ancient Medals with Greek and Roman Inscriptions, found about Crim Tartary; conceived to be left in those parts by the Souldiers of Mithridates, when overcome by Pompey, he marched round about the North of the Euxine to come about into Thracia.

2. Some ancient Ivory and Copper Crosses found with many others in China; conceived to have been brought and left there by the Greek Souldiers who served under Tamerlane in his Expedition and Conquest of that Country.

P3. Stones210Musæum Clausum, or, Tract XIII.

3. Stones of strange and illegible Inscriptions, found about the great ruines which Vincent le Blanc describeth about Cephala in Africa, where he opinion'd that the Hebrews raised some Buildings of old, and that Solomon brought from thereabout a good part of his Gold.

4. Some handsome Engraveries and Medals, of Justinus and Justinianus, found in the custody of a Bannyan in the remote parts of India, conjectured to have been left there by Friers mentioned in Procopius, who travelled those parts in the Reign of Justinianus, and brought back into Europe the discovery of Silk and Silk Worms.

5. An original Medal of Petrus Aretinus, who was called Flagellum Principum, wherein he made his own Figure on the Obverse part with this Inscription,

Il Divino Aretino.

On the Reverse sitting on a Throne, and at his Feet Ambassadours of Kings and Princes bringing presents unto him, with this Inscription,

I Principi tributati da i Popoli tributano il Servitor loro.

6. Mum-211Tract XIII. Bibliotheca Abscondita

6. Mummia Tholosana; or, The complete Head and Body of Father Crispin, buried long ago in the Vault of the Cordeliers at Tholouse, where the Skins of the dead so drie and parch up without corrupting that their persons may be known very long after, with this Inscription, Ecce iterum Crispinus.

7. A noble Quandros or Stone taken out of a Vulture's Head.

8. A large Ostridges Egg, whereon is neatly and fully wrought that famous Battel of Alcazar, in which three Kings lost their lives.

9. An Etiudros Alberti or Stone that is apt to be always moist: usefull unto drie tempers, and to be held in the hand in Fevers instead of Crystal, Eggs, Limmons, Cucumbers.

10. A small Viol of Water taken out of the Stones therefore called Enhydri, which naturally include a little Water in them, in like manner as the Ætites or Aëgle Stone doth another Stone.

P211. A212Musæum Clausum, or, Tract XIII.

11. A neat painted and gilded Cup made out of the Confiti di Tivoli and formed up with powder'd Eggshells; as Nero is conceived to have made his Piscina admirabilis, singular against Fluxes to drink often therein.

12. The Skin of a Snake bred out of the Spinal Marrow of a Man.

13. Vegetable Horns mentioned by Linschoten, which set in the ground grow up like Plants about Goa.

14. An extract of the Inck of Cuttle Fishes reviving the old remedy of Hippocrates in Hysterical Passions.

15. Spirits and Salt of Sargasso made in the Western Ocean covered with that Vegetable; excellent against the Scurvy.

16. An extract of Cachunde or Liberans that famous and highly magnified Composition in the East Indies against Melancholy.

17. Diarhizon mirificum; or an unparallel'd Composition of the most effectual and wonderfull Roots in Nature.

Rad.213Tract XIII. Bibliotheca Abscondita Rad. Butuæ Cuamensis. Rad. Moniche Cuamensis. Rad. Mongus Bazainensis. Rad. Casei Baizanensis. Rad. Columbæ Mozambiguensis. Gim Sem Sinicæ. Fo Lim lac Tigridis dictæ. Fo seu Cort. Rad. Soldæ. Rad. Ligni Solorani. Rad. Malacensis madrededios dictæ an. ƺij. M. fiat pulvis, qui cum gelatinâ Cornu cervi Moschati Chinensis formetur in massas oviformes.

18. A transcendent Perfume made of the richest Odorates of both the Indies, kept in a Box made of the Muschie Stone of Niarienburg, with this Inscription, — Deos rogato Totum ut te faciant, Fabulle, Nasum.[*][You will ask] God to make you all nose, Fabulle (Catullus, Carmen 13, lines 13-14). In the poem, the speaker is inviting a girl to his house, promising her a spectacular gift of perfume.

19. A Clepselæa, or Oil Hour-glass, as the Ancients used those of Water.

20. A Ring found in a Fishes Belly taken about Gorro; conceived to be the same wherewith the Duke of Venice had wedded the Sea.

P321. A214Musæum Clausum, or, Tract XIII.

21. A neat Crucifix made out of the cross Bone of a Frogs Head.

22. A large Agath containing a various and careless Figure, which looked upon by a Cylinder representeth a perfect Centaur. By some such advantages King Pyrrhus might find out Apollo and the nine Muses in those Agaths of his whereof Pliny maketh mention.

23. Batrachomyomachia, or the Homerican Battel between Frogs and Mice, neatly described upon the Chizel Bone of a large Pike's Jaw.

24. Pyxis Pandoræ, or a Box which held the Unguentum Pestiferum, which by anointing the Garments of several persons begat the great and horrible Plague of Milan.

25. A Glass of Spirits made of Æthereal Salt, Hermetically sealed up, kept continually in Quick-silver; of so volatile a nature that it will scarce endure the Light, and therefore onely to be shown in Winter, or by the light of a Carbuncle, or Bononian Stone.

He215Tract XIII. Bibliotheca Abscondita He who knows where all this Treasure now is, is a great Apollo. I'm sure I am not He. However, I am, Sir, Yours, &c.P4AN
Musaeum Clausum (1684)

22. A large Agath containing a various and careless Figure, which looked upon by a Cylinder representeth a perfect Centaur. By some such advantages King Pyrrhus might find out Apollo and the nine Muses in those Agaths of his whereof Pliny maketh mention.

Grew, Musaeum Regalis (1685)

The SHIPHALTER. Echeneis. Remora. Johnston hath given an indifferent figure of it. But I meet with no tolerable Description any where.

'Tis about ¼ of a yard long. His Body before, three inches and ½ over; thence tapering to the Tail-end. His Mouth two inches and ½ over. His Chaps ending somewhat angularly. The nether a little broader, and produced forward near an inch more than the upper. His Lips rough with a great number of little prickles. His Eyes round, ¼ of an inch over, an inch behind his Mouth.

His Head squat, adorned with a kind of Oval Coronet, somewhat Concave, five inches and ½ long, above two broad, cut traversly with three and twenty Incisions or long Apertures, making so many distinct Membranes, with rough edges, joyned altogether with a Ligament running through the middle of the Coronet, and perforated on each side the Ligament.

The Gills wind from an inch and ½ behind the Eyes down to the Throat. The Fins seven. The Gill-Fins above four inches long; The Breast-Fins as long. About a ¼ of a yard behind the Coronet a fifth extended on the Back above ¼ of a yard. A sixth like it on the Belly. The Tail-end, like a Spear, a little compressed. The Tail-Fin three inches and ½ long. The Anus open about the middle of the Fish. His Skin is (now) brown, smooth, and tough, or like tan'd Leather.

Perhaps the same Fish, which Ligon (a) (a) Hist. of Barbadoes. saith, always swims along with the Shark, and frequently sticks to some part about his Head. At least, it is very probable, that this Fish is able to fasten himself to any great Fish, Boat, or Ship, with the help of the Coronet or Sucker on his Head; which seems to be most fitly contrived for that purpose. In some sort answerable to the Tail of a Leech, whereby she sticks her self fast to the smoothest Glass. Or to those round Leathers, wherewith Boys are us'd to play, called Suckers, one of which, not above an inch and ½ diametre, being well soaked in water, will stick so fast to a Stone, as to pluck one of twelve or fourteen pounds up from the ground.

Of the stupendious power which this Fish is supposed to have, there are many concur in the story; as that he is able to stop a Ship in its career under full Sail: and what not? and great pains is taken to assign the Cause; and to prove, That though the Moon be made of a Green Cheese, yet is not the only Nest of Maggots. Rondeletius alone, in ascribing it to his easily altering the position of the Helm, and so the motion of the Ship, coming near to good sense: especially if he had proved, That the Name of the Fish, and the Story, were not Things much older than the Helm of a Ship.

'Tis plain, that the Tradition had a very early beginning, when little light Boats were the Ships which people us'd. To the side whereof, this Fish fastening her self, might easily make it swag, as the least preponderance on either side will do, and so retard its Course. And the Story once begot upon a Boat, might still, like the Fish it self, stick to it, though turn'd to a Ship. Assigning as great a power to this Neptune in the Sea, as the Poets have done to Apollo the God of Life in the Heavens; who yet appears by the best accounts of him put together, to have been at first no better than a Crafty Mountebank.

Grew, Musaeum Regalis (1685)

The AGATE. So called from the River Achates in Sicily, near which it was first found. (g) (g) Theophr. de Lap. Almost of the colour of clear Horn. The hardest of Semiperspicuous Gems. They grow in India, Germany, Bohemia. Naturally adorned with much variety of waved and other figur'd Veins, Spots, the representation of Vegetable, and sometimes of Animal Bodies. None more memorable, than that mention'd by Pliny, (a) (a) Lib. 7. c. 11. of Pyrrhus King of Epyrus, in which, without much strain of phancy, one might imagine a representation of the Nine Muses, and Apollo, with his Harp, in the middle of them. 'Tis used for Sword-Hilts, Knife-Hafts, Beads, Cups, and the like. There are pieces of it, sometimes (b) (b) Mus. Septal. as thick as a Mans Arm.

Inventarie of the Gabions, in M. George his Cabinet (1638) The Inventarie of the Gabions, in M. George his Cabinet. OFf uncouth formes, and wondrous shapes, Like Peacoks, and like Indian apes, Like Leopards, and beasts spoted, Of clubs curiously knoted, Of wondrous workmanships, and rare, Like Eagles flying in the air, Like Centaurs, Maremaids in the Seas, Like Dolphins, and like honie bees, Some carv'd in timber, some in stone, Of the wonder of Albion; Which this close cabine doth include; Some portends ill, some presage good: What sprite Dædalian hath forth brought them, Yee Gods assist, I thinke yee wrought them, Your influences did conspire This comelie cabine to attire. Neptune gave first his awfull trident, And Pan the hornes gave of a bident, Triton his trumpet of a buckie[*]DOST: The shell of a whelk or other mollusc, Propin'd[*]to offer, as a gift to him, was large and luckie: Mars gave the glistring sword and dagger, Wherewith some time he wont to swagger, Cyclopean armour of Achilles, Fair Venus purtrayed by Apelles, The valiant Hectors weightie spear, Wherewith he fought the Trojan war, The fatall sword and seven fold shield Of Ajax, who could never yeeld: Yea more the great Herculean club Brusde Hydra in the Lernè dub[*]Scots: to consign, condemn. Hote Vulcan with his crooked heele Bestow'd on him a tempred steele, Cyclophes were the brethren Allans, Who swore they swet more then ten gallons In framing it upon their forge, And tempring it for Master George: But Æsculapius taught the lesson How he should us'd in goodly fashion, And bad extinguis't in his ale, When that he thought it pure and stale[*]Scots: chiefly of ale: having stood for a time and become clear, free from lees, ready for drinking With a pugill[*]measurement: a large pinch of polypodium[*]extract of the fern genus: And Ceres brought a manufodium[*]Parkinson: a nonce formation, perhaps macaronic (manu, ‘by hand’ + fodium, ‘food’? ‘dug up’?); bread is conventionally the gift of Ceres (Ovid, Met. 11.145, 13.639): And will'd him tost it at his fire And of such bread never to tyre; Then Podalirius did conclude That for his melt was soverainge good. Gold hair'd Apollo did bestow His mightie-sounding silver bow, With musick instruments great store, His harp, his cithar[*] OED: Any of various plucked stringed instruments similar in form to, or believed to have derived from, the cithara (citing Adamson), and mandore[*] OED: A large early form of mandolin (citing Adamson), His peircing arrowes and his quiver: But Cupid shot him through the liver And set him all up in à flame, To follow à Peneïan Dame: But being once repudiat Did lurk within this Cabinet, And there with many a sigh and groane, Fierce Cupids wrong he did bemoane, But this deep passion to rebet Venus bestow'd her Amulet, The firie flame for to beare downe, Cold lactuce and pupuleum; And thenceforth will'd the poplar tree To him should consecrated be. With twentie thousand pretious things, Mercurius gave his staffe and wings: And more this Cabine to decore, Of curious staffs he gave fourescore, Of clubs and cudgels contortized: Some plaine worke, others crispe and frized, Like Satyrs, dragons, flying fowles, Like fishes, serpents, cats, and owles, Like winged-horses, strange Chimaeraes, Like Unicorns and fierce Pantheraes, So livelike that a man would doubt, If art or nature brought them out. The monstrous branched great hart-horne, Which on Acteon's front was borne: On which doth hing his velvet knapsca[*]Scots: A kind of close-fitting metal defensive headpiece, a metal skull-cap, commonly worn under a bonnet or other fabric covering (DSL). Parkinson: Writing to his father-in-law Andrew Simson, James Carmichael recalled how, in 1560, as schoolmaster of Perth, Simson led the forces of reform ‘with the reade knapska’ (Wodrow Misc., pages 441–2, qtd in Durkan, 132).. A scimitare cut like an haksaw[*]i.e. hacksaw. OED: A saw with a narrow fine-toothed blade set in a frame, used esp. for cutting metal, citing Adamson, Great bukies[*]DOST: The shell of a whelk or other mollusc, partans[*]DOST: crab, toes of lapstares, Oster shells, ensignes for tapsters, Gadie[*]Gaudy beeds and crystall glasses, Stones, and ornaments for lasses, Garlands made of summer flowres, Propin'd him by his paramoürs, With many other pretious thing, Which all upon its branches hing: So that it doth excell but scorne The wealthie Amalthean horne[*]Amalthea ("tender goddess"), nursed and nurtured Zeus. In some versions she suckled him in the form of a female goat, and in others, she is a nymph who gives Zeus milk from a goat. In both cases, Zeus broke off one of the goat horns, which became the cornucopia, or horn of plenty (Leeming, The Oxford Companion to World Mythology). . This Cabine containes what you wish, No place his ornaments doth misse, For there is such varietie, Looking breeds no sacietie. In one nooke stands Loquhabrian axes[*]DOST: Lochaber-ax(e), n. A variety of long-handled battle-axe, described as having a single elongated blade, appar. originating in the Highland district of Lochaber. , And in another nooke the glaxe[*]glaxe OED, glaik, n., sense 3, ‘A child’s toy or puzzle’, citing W. Gregor’s note on Dunbar’s use of glaiks (65.497): ‘I have seen a toy called ‘the glaykis’ which was composed of several pieces of notched wood fitted into each other in such a manner that they can be separated only in one way.’ is. Heere lyes a book they call the dennet, There lyes the head of old Brown Kennet,[*]A Kennet is a small hunting dog (DOST). Possibly the name of a “defunct” hunting dog, whose head was preserved in some way. Here lyes a turkasse[*]Turkis. Scots: a pair of smith's pincers, and a hammer, There lyes a Greek and Latine Grammer, Heere hings an auncient mantua bannet[*]i.e. bonnet. OED: A hat or cap of a kind traditionally worn by men and boys; esp. a soft, round, brimless cap resembling a beret; a tam-o'-shanter. Now chiefly Scottish., There hings a Robin and a Iannet,[*]DOST cited Adamson but can provide no definition Upon a cord that's strangular A buffet stoole[*]OED: A low stool; a footstool. Now only Scottish and northern dialect. In the 15th cent. described as a three-legged stool sexangular: A foole muting in his owne hand;[*] lines 105-108. Parkinson: The earthy image is dispelled with an allusion to Proverbs 27.22; raising and suppressing interest in bodily functions is characteristic of ‘M. George’, as in the outcomes of his account of a horn-blowing competition, XXI.61–76. Soft, soft my Muse, sound not this sand, What ever matter come athorter[*]Athwart, Touch not I pray the iron morter. His cougs,[*]A wooden vessel made of hooped staves (DOSL) his dishes, and his caps[*]A wooden bowl or dish (DOST)., A Totum,[*]Parkinson: a four-sided disk with a letter transcribed on each side: T totum, A aufer, D depone and N nihil. The disk was spun like a top, the player’s fortune being decided by the letter uppermost when the disk fell’ (DOST). and some bairnes taps[*]A child's spinning-top (DOST, citing Adamson); A gadareilie,[*]Parkinson: not in DOST or OED. Related to gaud, ‘a plaything, toy … a gewgaw’ (OED, gaud, n.2, sense 2)? Or DOST, gade, n1, sense 3, ‘A bar of wood’? See DOST, (rele,) reil(l, n., sense 1b, ‘A reel on to which cord or rope may be wound up in a controlled manner …’; or sense 2, ‘A whirling or turning motion; an action that communicates such motion; a roll or stagger.’ and a whisle, A trumpe, an Abercome mussell,[*]Could be either a mussel or a muzzle (both senses in the DOST) His hats, his hoods, his bels, his bones, His allay bowles, and curling stones, The sacred games to celebrat, Which to the Gods are consecrat. And more, this cabine to adorne, Diana gave her hunting horne, And that there should be no defect, God Momus gift did not inlake[*]inlaik, v. to be deficient; to come or run short; to be wanting or missing (DOST): Only * * *,[*]Parkinson: possibly Eris, giver of the golden apple of discord that led to the Judgement of Paris and hence the Trojan War was to blame Who would bestow nothing for shame; This Cabine was so cram'd with store She could not enter at the doore. This prettie want for to supplie A privie parlour,[*]An apartment in a monastery set aside for conversation (DOST) stands neere by In which there is in order plac't Phœbus with the nine Muses grac't, In compasse, siting like a crown. This is the place of great renown: Heere all good learning is inschrynd, And all grave wisedome is confin'd, Clio with stories ancient times, Melpomené with Tragick lines, Wanton Thalia's comedies, Euterpe's sweetest harmonies, Terpsichore's heart-moving cithar, Lovely Erato's numbring meeter, Caliope's heroick songs, Vranias heavenly motions; Polymnia in various musick Paints all with flowres of Rhetorick, Amidst sits Phœbus laureat, Crown'd with the whole Pierian State. Here's Galene and Hippocrates, Divine Plato and Socrates, Th' Arabian skill and exccellence, The Greek and Romane eloquence, With manie worthie worke and storie Within this place inaccessorie. These models, in this Cabine plac'd, Are with the world's whole wonders grac'd: What curious art or nature framd, What monster hath beene taught or tamd, What Polycletus in his time, What Archimedes rich ingine, Who taught the Art of menadrie[*]The sub-discipline of mechanics pertaining to machines that leverage force, such as cranes and pulleys. See Jessica Wolfe, Humanism, Machinery, and Renaissance Literature (CUP, 2004), p. 59. The Syracusan synedrie. What Gods or mortals did forth bring It in this cabinet doth hing, Whose famous relicts are all flowr'd, And all with precious pouldar stowr'd: And richly deckt with curious hingers, Wrought by Arachne's nimble fingers. This is his store-house and his treasure, This is his Paradise of pleasure, This is the Arcenall of Gods, Of all the world this is the oddes: This is the place Apollo chuses, This is the residence of Muses: And to conclude all this in one, This is the Romaine Pantheon.
Inventarie of the Gabions, in M. George his Cabinet (1638) But sith that Phaebus could not stemme the bloud Of Hyacinthus in his sowning moud, How then should I? a mortall! ah too shallow! In wit and art presse to outreach Apollo? Far be the thought, I therefore must absent me, And never more unto the World present me, But solitarie with my Gabions stay, And help them for to mourne till dying day.
Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

In the Musæum Tradescant are mentioned Pieces of Stone from Apollo's Oracle, Diana's Tomb, &c. which may keep me in Countenance for reciting what follows. A Stone from Jacob's Well, Another from the River Euphrates. A Bit of that called Jonah's Rock, of which Mr. Gordon well observes (Georg. Gram. p. 269.) that, though it be doubtful whether the ruinous old Monument, known by that Name, was erected upon that Occasion; yet it is highly probable, that this individual Part of Scanderoon Bay, was the very Place of the Whales Delivery, it being the nearest to Nineveh of any in the Levant. This was brought from thence, and given me by James Winter of Berwick, Surgeon to a Man of War for Turkey. Also a Bit of Stone that himself broke off Lazarus's Tomb. A small Fragment of the Pillar of Salt that is shewed to Travellers, as that into which Lot's Wife was converted from amongst the Collections of Mrs. Sarah Speering. To these may be added a Stone from St. Winifred's Well, with the indelible Spots of her Blood, but should have been placed (if not mislaid) as St. Hilda's Snakes amongst the natural Stones.