The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700

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William Sherard (27 Feb 1658/9 - 11 Aug 1728)

Government bureaucrat, diplomat, and amateur botanist and collector. Kusukawa follows Riley in identify him as the Mr. "Sherwood" referenced in Courten's records (MS 3961). Returning from a trip to Italy, Sherard wrote to Sloane that he had specimens to show and share with the Temple Coffee House club upon his return (Riley, 92). He received a DCL (Doctor of Civil Law) from Oxford in 1694. James Petiver refers to him as his kinsman (Musei, 66). Dictionary of National Biography entry: http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/25355 Other biography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sherard Botanist
Collector (minor)
Relevant locations: Educated at Merchant Taylors' School, St Laurence Pountney
Educated at St. John's College, Oxford University
Relationships: William Sherard was a correspondent of William Courten (28 Mar 1642-26 Mar 1702)
William Sherard was a relative of James Petiver (c. 1665-Apr 1718)
William Sherard was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Arthur Rawdon (17 Oct 1662-1695)
William Sherard was a correspondent of Hans Sloane (1660-1753)
William Sherard was a visitor to (a person) Temple Coffee House club (-)

William Courten (28 Mar 1642-26 Mar 1702) was a source of object(s) for William Sherard
Mr. Harrison (-fl. c. 1691) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of William Sherard
Mary Somerset (bap. 16 Dec 1630-7 Jan 1715) was a employer of William Sherard
William Stonestreet (1659-1716) was a source of object(s) for William Sherard
Dr. Turnefort (-fl. c. 1691) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of William Sherard
Linked manuscripts: as Mentions or references - Sloane 3961, British Library,
Linked print sources: as Mentioned or referenced by - Illustrations of the Literary History of the Eighteenth Century: Consisting of Authentic Memoirs and Original Letters of Eminent Persons; and Intended as a Sequel to the Literary Anecdotes .
as Mentions or references - Appendix I to 'William Courten's list of 'Things Bought' from the Late Seventeenth Century.
as Mentions or references - John Woodward, Hans Sloane and Johann Gaspar Scheuzer: Some Further Information .
as Mentions or references - Musei Petiveriani centuria prima [-decima], rariora naturæ continens: viz. animalia, fossilia, plantas, ex variis mundi plagis advecta, ordine digesta, et nominibus propriis signata. A Jacobo Petiver.
as Mentions or references - The Club at the Temple Coffee House Revisited.
References in Documents:
Petiver, Musei Petiveriani (1695-1703) * A. 24. Adiantum aureum acaulon pileis striatis. Stalkless Goldilocks. Dr. Sherard, that most curious Botanist, first observed this in Ireland, the which I have since found very frequently on Trees and moist Walls.
Petiver, Musei Petiveriani (1695-1703) 704. Buccinulum Romanum heterostrophon oblongum E gyris Musei Petiveriani, gyris maculatis. Turbo terrestris non descriptus Col. Purp. c. 7. p. 16. Fig. Major in Col. My worthy Kinsman Dr. Sherard observed this in the Feilds about Rome. These twirle-lists are speckled with white, in which it differs from the last.
Petiver, Musei Petiveriani (1695-1703) 765. Erica è Cap. Bonæ Spei hirsuta, staminulis purpureis è capitulis albis lanosis. The Leaves of this are hairy, otherwise very like No. 396. Musei nost. p. 38. That exquisite Botanist Dr. Willam Sherrard was lately pleased to give me this amongst half a score other very Curious Cape-Heaths
Petiver, Musei Petiveriani (1695-1703) 772. Galbanifera è Cap. B. Sp. segmentis tenuioribus. Dr. William Sherrard my worthy Friend and Kinsman was pleased to give me this lately amongst many other very Curious and undescribed Cape Plants.
Petiver, Musei Petiveriani (1695-1703) 22. I am obliged to that Accurate Botanist Dr. WILLIAM SHERARD, for divers Specimens of Plants, several of which I had not before.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 3. Anguis CAPENSIS tricolor. The Back of this is red, the Sides yellow, and the Spots black. I figured this fom a Painting Dr. David Krieg F. R. S. sent me from Riga. This Serpent with several other Animals I find amongst some CAPE Paintings, which our worthy Kinsman Dr. Sherard hath lately given me to Figure, several of them I have already done in my next Decade.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) FIGFIG. 1. Proscarabeoides CAPENSIS, singularis, pedibus plumosis. This very odd Insect with Fig. XI. I copied from Dr. Sherard’s Cape Paintings. The Legs, Head, Shoulder and Sides are of a Fleshy colour, the middle of the Back yellow.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 12. Anguis CAPENSIS argenteus maculatus. He seems streak'd with blewish Silver, along which are many small spots. I copied it from a Painting Dr. Sherard was pleased to favour me with.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) FIGFIG. 1. Retrochulus parvus Italicus. an cochlea alba umbilicata, limbo acuto circumdata, claviculâ omnino planâ s. compressâ List. H. C. l. I. Tab. 64. Fig. 62. This is a small Trochus reverst, having its Head flat and Belly raised, given me by Dr. Sherard, who found it about Rome.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 6. Sidereon sive Serpentaria mirabilis montana Kieg. Phyt. Curios. Fig. 213. Berg-Slangen Kruyd Belg. Munt. Herb. p. 751. cap. 330. This very odd Plant is said to grow on the Mountains of Stiria and Hungary. I suspect this Figure is too mach humored, and doubted whether there were such a Plant in Nature, until Dr. Sherard, that most accurate Botanist told me he saw a Design of it done by that Laborious Naturalist Conradus Gesner, amóngst the Figures of two Volums of Plants, being such he had observ'd growing about him. These are now in the Hands of Dr. John George Volkamer, Physician at Nurenberg: I shall be very much obliged to him or any other, who will be pleased to send me a Specimen of it.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) TAB: XVIII
[Fig: figures of objects in Table 18]
To the most Learned Dr. WILLIAM SHERARD, Consul of SMYRNA, This Table is humbly Dedicated by JAMES PETIVER. F. R. S.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 9. Mus araneus CAPENSIS maximus. Taken from a Painting of Dr. Sherards, now Consul of Smyrna.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) FIGFIG. 1. Eryngium fortè MAURITANICUM, spinosum folio angustissimo Hort. nost. sicc. Ray V. 3. app. 244. E. 26. an Bupleurum Hispanicum fruticosum aculeatum Gramineo folio El. Botan. 260. Inst. Rei Herbar. 310. 16. Signior Paul Boccone now Sylvius had this from the Coast of Barbary, and gave it to Dr. Sherard, from whose Specimen I designed it. It's a very odd shrubby Plant, and has somewhat the face of a Corruda ; each Joynt is commonly armed with three woody strong Thorns, the largest in the middle; these stand alternately, like the Bambu, on a cross bended stock ; from the bosom of these Spines comes 2 or 3 less, with as many long narrow Leaves of the stiffness of Holly ; on the edges are many litle protuberances, like the first Leaves of Epiphyllanthus Jamaicensis.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 6. Betle NOVÆ HISPAN. fructu longo angustissimo. There was several of these found in the Spanish West India Ships when destroyed at Vigo. Dr Sherard now Consul of Smyrna gave me some of them: They have generally 2 and sometimes 3 Tails tyed together, with a Twine, which seems to be the Splinter of some sort of Rush.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 12. Small Pisa Button Shell, Cat. 145. Like our Garden Snail but less. Dr. Sherard found this about Rome and Mr. Burdet at Pisa.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 6. Great flat Mompeiier Button Shell, Cat. 146. The late Dr. Lister brought me this from France. The curious Dr. Sherard has since sent it from Smyrna; its Navel as large as a Curran, and peirces to the Head of the Shell.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) TAB LXVIII
[Fig: figures of objects in Table 68]
To the Learned Dr W. SHERARD, Consul of SMYRNA, This Table is humbly Dedicated by J. PETIVER.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 5. Smyrna Club-rush, with crooked Heads, Cat. 325. These come 2 or 3 out of a Sheath. This, the next, and the 2 last, all very elegant Plants, Dr. Sherard, that curious Botanist, sent from Smyrna to me and other Friends.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) 6. Dwarf Smyrna Adders-tongue, with short Grass Leaves, Cat. 321. Dr. Sherard says, you shall hardly find one Plant in 1000 larger than the Figure of this.
Petiver, Gazophylacii Naturæ (1702-1706) Smyrna and Carolina Plants. Smyrna Plants from Dr Sherard, Consul of that Place. 2838 Ophioglossum Smyrn. minimum fol. Gramineo G. N. 73. 6. 2939 Gramen Tremulum Smyrn. annuum spicatum 3040 Gr. Secalinum Smyrn. annuum aristis longissimis 3141 Gr Smyrn capit. ex utriculo prodeunte cornutum G. N. 73. 5. 3242 Plantago Smyrn. pilosa minima G. N. 73. 3. 3343 Tithymalus Smyrm. hirsutus 3444 Aster Smyrn. Pseudo Dictamni folio 3545 Scabiosa Smyrn. montana repens hirsuta 3646 Horminum Smyrn. Lampsanæ fol. 3747 Thymbra Smyrn lignosa Rorismarini folio 3848 Convolvulus Smyrn. fol. anguloso hirsuto, fl. albo 3949 Lepidium Smyrn. glauco fol. caulem ambiente 4050 Tragacantha Smyrn. fol. in spinam abeuntibus 4151 Genista Smyrn. humilis argentea fl. albo 4252 Cytisus Smyrn. fl. lureo minimo fil. brevi glabra 4353 Lotus Smyrn argent. lutea, humifusa, rad. crassa 4454 Vicia Smyrn. palustris glabra, fl. candidis 4555 Cistus Smyrn. humilis, Oleæ fol. fl. luteis 4656 Lychnis Smyrn. mont. Spergulæ folio 4757 Lysimachia Smyrn. spicat. Luteolæ fol. 4858 Hexapetala Smyrn. tricapsul. fl. albo. rad. fibrosâ 4959 Thymelea Smyrn. mont. repens, fol. angustiss. fl. carneis 5060 Thymelea Sm. mont. cespitosa Kali villosi fol. glauco, fl. carneis 5161 Chamæmespilus Smyrn. fol serrato sub ùs lanuginoso
Excerpts from Ornithology (1876) related to Sir Thomas Browne's and the Tradescants' collections

BElloniusBellonius figures this bird among the Merulae, induced only by this reason, that those who bring it out of Brasil into Europe call it, the Brasilian Blackbird. Where­fore seeing he speaks nothing concerning the nature of the Bird, and it is alike un­known to me, I also adjoyn it to the Merulae, although in the shortness, or rather crookedness, of its Bill it differs much from them. Those (saith Bellonius) who trade in Countries newly discovered, bring back thence such strange rarities as they think will sell dear with us here: But because they cannot bring the birds themselves alive in Cages, therefore they flay off the skins of such as are more beautiful than the rest, as this is, and bringing them over make a great gain of the sale of them; especi­ally of this which they call, the Brasilian Blackbird; though in bigness it differs from a Blackbird. The colour of the whole body, except the Tail and Wings, which are black; is so deep [perchance by the word intensè he may mean bright] a red, that it exceeds all other rednesses. The Tail is long; the Feet and Legs black; The Bill short, as in a Sparrow. The feathers are red to the very bottom. That which Aldrovandus describes, perchance from a picture, was in some things different from Bellonius his bird. For, saith he, the Wings are not all over black, but all the upper feathers by the shoulders of a deep red. Next to them are some black ones, then red ones again; the subsequent, viz. all the great feathers, being black, as is also the Tail. The Bill also is not so short as in Sparrows, yet thick, and remarkably crooked, without of a dusky colour, within yellow, as I conjecture from the colour of the corners of the mouth [rictûs.] Moreover, the Feet are not black, but of an ash-colour, only a little dusky, being great for the proportion of the Legs: The Claws short, but crooked, of the same colour.