The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700

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Roger Gale (26 Sepr 1672 - 25 Jun 1744)

Co-authored Knowledge of Medals with Louis Jobert and Joseph Addison. Dictionary of National Biography entry: http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/10294 Other biography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Gale_%28antiquary%29 Visitor
Relevant locations: Residence at Scruton, Yorkshire
Relationships: Roger Gale was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Ralph Thoresby (1658-1725)

Linked manuscript items: as Mentioned or referenced by - "[Guest Book to Thoresby's Museum]," Yorkshire Archaeological Society MS27, Leeds
Linked print sources: as Translator - The Knowledge of Medals: or, Instructions for those who apply themselves to the study of medals both ancient and modern from the French.
as Translator - The Knowledge of Medals: or, instructions for those who apply themselves to the study of medals, both ancient and modern. ... Written by a nobleman of France. Made English by an eminent hand. The second edition. To which is added, an essay concerning the error in distributing modern medals.
as Translator - The Knowledge of Medals: or, instructions for those who apply themselves to the study of medals, both ancient and modern. ... Written by a nobleman of France. Made English by an eminent hand. The second edition. To which is added, an essay concerning the error in distributing modern medals..
References in Documents:
Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

These, and almost all other Shells wind from the Mouth towards the Left Hand, but Dr. Sloane obliged me with one (found at a considerable Depth under Ground) that turns quite contrary Way, viz. to the Right; it is of a deep Orange or Chestnut Colour; as is also another lately received from Roger Gale Esq; which was found in a Cliff near Harwich, that falling down discovered a considerable Bed of them, all turn'd the same Way. This hath a Hole perforated very probably by the Purple Fish, as that learned Gentleman conjectures from this Passage in Pliny, (Lib.9.) Lingua Purpuræ longitudine digitali, qua pascitur perforando reliqua conchylia, tanta duritia aculeo est.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

HEREHere are all the Sorts mentioned by Dr. Lister (g)(g) De. Cochl. Marinis, Tab. 5. . viz. the large one with 14 Ridges and as many Furrows, with the Striæ in straight Lines from the Head to the Margin, enclining to a Red, four Inches in Length and 4 ½ in Breadth; another five broad; a third less, but of a different Colour, yellowish. His 2d Sort is curiously striated with twenty Ridges; it is red, spotted with white: This strictly corresponds with his in Length, almost two Inches, larger than which he had not seen one. But here is a very fine one with a Purple Blush within, that exceeds it in a 5th Part: And a third that is less than either, yet a like Number of Furrows. The Doctor's third Sort is easily distinguish'd from all others by its Narrowness being but one Inch broad and almost two in Length. A Scallope from the Irish Shore, the largest I have seen, being above half a Foot in breadth, and near two Foot in Circumference. Don. Rev. Jos. Wilkinson Dubl. Twenty of the small Scalopes, some striated, others smooth, with Variety of Colours, single strip'd, and spotted, about half Inch broad. Dr. Grew mentions the Coralline Scallop without Ears. Here is one that answers his Description, save the Colour, which is Orange. But the most remarkable of all is an Ash-coloured one, from the Top of the Apalatæan Mountains, that part Virginia on the West, from the Rest of the American Continent; upon which Mountains great Numbers of them, and other Shells, are found, which is an undeniable Argument of an universal Deluge. Don. Roger Gale Arm.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Lapis Astroitidis, commonly called the Brainstones; they are frequently found in the Seas about Jamaica, as big as a Man's Head; this is half a Yard in Circumference one Way, and two Foot the other: It is curiously undulated; the Ridges in this are very high, and the transverse Striæ very fine, the winding of the Waves imitate the Gyri or Aufractus of a Man's Brain, whence the Name. A small one very fine, given by Dr. Lister to my Father, not unlike Point-work wrought by the Needle. A larger sent me by Mr. Char. Towneley of T. with the Top rising high and round; the Furrows in this are small. Another I bought at London, which is very curious, and being two Inches thick on one Side; the thin Plates, which compose the small Cells, and the Formation of the Stone is better discerned. A white Corall sent me from Ireland, with flat Lamina; it resembles the Astropodium ramulosum of Lh. Tab. 14. 1132. c. A Mushroom Corall somewhat compress'd, striated above, the inner Part below; it is of a like fine Texture, with the small Striæ of the Brain-stone. A fungus Lapideus in Form of an Hemisphere, a larger Starry Fungites, both sent me, with other valuable Fossils, from Roger Gale Esq; Astroites or starred Stone, a thin one with less perfect Stars, shewing their Original when beginning to grow or sprout up at the Bottom of the Sea (c)(c) Dr. Sloane's Nat. Hist. of Jam. Tab. XXI. Fig. I.. A large porous Convex Astroites, a Foot in Circumference, wholly composed of radiated Stars, like Fig. 4. in the same Table. Some of these Sorts of Coralls are frequently found in Europe, and particularly in England. I have one Sort from North Leach in Gloc. with very fair Stars, though it seems by the Lightness to be petrified Wood. A solid Corall, with concave Stars, very fair. Another, like Mr. Lhwyd's Astroites pyxidatus seu faviginosus from Oxfordshire. A slender Branch of white Corall from Ireland. A Mycetites surrounded with Astroites. (d) Grew's Mus. Reg. Soc. p. 305.Lapis Cribriformis or Sieve-stone (d), a perforated brown Stone. (e) Nat. Hist. Oxon. p. 139. A Porpites Plotii (e), & Lhuidii (f) from the Bishop of Carlisle. (f) Lith. Brit. N° 142. Another Button-stone more compress'd, but very fair; from Mr. Gale, Specimen minus & elegantius, Tab. 3. 151.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713) A Porpites Plotii (e), & Lhuidii (f) from the Bishop of Carlisle. (f) Lith. Brit. N° 142. Another Button-stone more compress'd, but very fair; from Mr. Gale, Specimen minus & elegantius, Tab. 3. 151.
Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

THEThe Cochlites of four Wreaths, part of the Shell remains upon the Clavicle of one of them. Don. Rog. Gale Arm. The Buccinites, the small striated one of Dr. Plot (h)(h) Nat. Hist. Ox. Tab. 4. 2.. A larger, plain; both from my Lord Bishop of Carlisle. All above are Stones, but here are also the Shells both of the Cochlea Kind, and the Buccina, fill'd with Pyrites, from a Clay-Pit at Richmond in Surry. Don Jo. Woodward M D. As also others from the great Sand-Pit at Woolwich in Kent. The smallest Turbinites from Northamptonshire, and three Turbinated Stones, with a plain Superficies curiously turned in the Form of a Spiral Cone, like a Scrue or Steel-worm for drawing Corks out: One of half an Inch long, hath five solid Wreaths. These were from the Portland Quarry. One of near three Inches taken out of a great Stone at Oswald-kirk Com. Ebor. Don. D. Fr. Place. But the largest of all the Buccinites (above three Inches round) was sent me with many rare Fossils, by my Lord Bishop of Carlisle. It is Dr. Lister's 14th (i)(i) De Lapid. Turb. p 216.. Some curious ones very small, from Scotland. Don. D. Jac. Sutherland.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

The Tellenites: These are distinguishable enough from the Pectunculi by their oblong Form; but from the Musculites, and some Sort of the Ostracites, it is more difficult to distinguish them. Very fair ones from Scotland. Don. D. Jac. Sutherland. Tellina minima, Nat Hist. of North, Tab. VI. Fig. 12. The Trigonella: The Name discovers its Triangular Form; the larger and lesser Species. Don. R. D. Episc. Carl. These have a smooth Surface, and bright. The Terebratula are striated, more gibbous, and the Margin thicker, with the middle Part depress'd or elated. The Stones divested of their Shells, Margine sinuato, Lh. 830. from Boston Com. Linc. Don. D. Hen. Thomson. A small one found in the midst of a large Stone at Coxwold School Com. Ebor. Don. D. Hey. A very large one, five Inches in Circumference, from Dr. Hargrave of Coln. Others of different Sizes, Lh. 829. with transverse Striæ. A thin Shell including Chalk, with the Bill perforated (whence the Name.) Don. Rog. Gale Arm. The Pholas amygdaloides. Lh. 878. The Solenites, so called from its resemblance of the Solen or Sheth-shell (n)(n) Lister, p. 192., or perhaps Conchites Mytuloides (o). This and(o) Lhwyd, N. 878. the Pholas were from Heddinton. Don. Rev. Cav. Nevile.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

The Concha anomia rarior vertice rostrato, both the smooth and lightly striated; one filled with Chalk, the other with Stone. Don. Roger Gale Arm. The Beak of one Shell extends beyond the other Valve. Others from the Chalk-Pits in Kent, of the larger and smaller Sort, from Dr. Woodward, and from Guilford in Surry, from Dr. Cay. A Bivalve upon the Ludus Helmontii. A Stone composed of two distinct Bodies, a blewish Ash Colour, and a yellowish Wax Colour, whence Dr. Grew calls it, the waxen Veine (p)(p) Mus. Reg. Soc. p. 311., from Mr. Gale. A different Ludus Helmontii, that Dr. Woodward received from Scarborough. The Otites or Auriculares. as called by Dr. Plot (q)(q) Nat. Hist. of Oxon. p. 130., from its resemblance to a humane Ear.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

HEREHere are various Sorts, as well of the naked Flint, as of the perfect Shell, different both in Figure, Colour, and Substance; some including Flint, others Chalk, or Stone, I shall begin with the first of Mr. Lhwyd's N° 910. Echinitæ laticlavii maximi fragmentum. The Echinus Ovarius very curious from Sittingburn in Kent, sent me (with eleven other Varieties) by D. Woodward, who hath a most noble Collection. A small one from Heddington Quarry near Oxford: These are curiously studded or embroidered as it were. Don. Rev. Cavend. Nevile M. A. The Echinites Galeatus, with the Shells very perfect: My Lord Bishop of Carlisle sent me four Sorts of the Echinites from the Chalk-Pits near Gravesend. A large one found 100 foot deep at Green-hith in Kent, full of Flint, from Dr. Woodward. Another full of Chalk, from Roger Gale Esq; with another of a lesser Size. A large Flint formed in one of this Sort, divested of the Shell. The Echinus Pileatus including Chalk; another from Northfleet in Kent, and a third from Purfleet in Essex. A lesser Sort from Nittlebed in Oxfordshire, and from a Chalk-Pit near Greenwich. Of these, by the vulgar call'd Cap-stones (from their Likeness to a Cap laced down the Sides (a)(a) Dr. Plot's Nat. Hist. Oxon. p. 92.. Here are several that are quite divested of their Shell; they are for the most Part of the common Ruble Stone, but one (given me by Dr. Plot) of a black Flint; all of them have five double Rows of Points that center at the Modiolus. Of the compress'd Kind, here is part of a large flat Echinus Spatagus, from the Fields near Burford Com. Oxon. Of the lesser Species from Heddington, and of the Stones or white Flint without Shells, but with five Rays, as Dr. Plot's (b)(b) Idem, Tab. II. 14.. The Echinites Cordatus very curious, from Gravesend. Another from a Chalk-Pit, near Croyden in Surry. Another with Flint adhering to it from North-fleet in Kent; a third from Hertfordshire, and one that was found 200 Foot deep, in sinking a Well in the same County. The Echinites Pentaphylloides, from Burford Com. Oxon. The Umbilicus not in the Center, but inclining to one Side (c)(c) Id. Tab. II. 9, 10. And Lhywd, N° 971.. The Radioli of the Echinites; they are ridged and channelled the whole Length of the Stone, and the Ridges purled with small Knots set in the Quincunx Order; they mostly consist of a bright shining Substance, not unlike the Selenites. Dr. Plot takes them for the Lapides Judaici (d)(d) Idem, p. 125.. By the Kindness of my Lord Bishop of Carlisle, and Dr. Woodward, I am furnished with Variety, as to Colour, white and dark; as to Form, round and compress'd; and as to Size, from near two Inches, to little more than half an Inch in Length; and from two Inches round to less than ½ Inch. Some have a Kind of Pedicle, or Knob at one End; others not only want that, but are quite divested of their Parts, having a smooth Superficies. The Aculei, or small Radiolus, from the Chalk-Pits of Kent, Essex and Surry; the larger from Oxfordshire, but the thickest of all were sent me by R. Gale Esq; and seem to be the largest Cucumerinus of Lhwyd.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Ichthyodontes Cuspidati, or Glossopetræ of different Sizes, from a Quarter of an Inch, to an Inch and half, both of the smooth and serrated, and of several Colours, viz. white, yellow, sad Colour, blewish and black, the larger Sort filled with rough Stone of their different Colours, though the Teeth themselves be smooth, bright, and shining. One of that Sort called Ornithoglossum, from its Likeness to the Magpies Tongue, Lh. 1266. All from my Lord Bishop of Carlisle. The Plectronites, so called from its resemblance to a Cock-spur adhering to Chalk; see the Figure Phil. Trans. N° 200. Fig. 13. sent me by Roger Gale Esq;. As also Glossopetræ from the Isle of Malta, where they are called Serpents-Tongues, though they are in Reality Sharks-Teeth. Another sort of Fossil Teeth are the Scutellati or Grinders, commonly called Bufonitæ; of these here are all the three Sorts, from the said Benefactors, viz. Orbiculati, Umbonati, and Scaphoides; some of the two former Sorts are filled with Stone, but the Name of the last shews it to be hollow; and in Figure somewhat resembling a little Boat of that, with one End narrower than another: See Fig. 12. in the said Trans. These Bufonitæ are of various Colours, a brighter and deeper brown, blewish and dark black, all bright and shining; one hath an Areola upon the Convex Side, surrounded with Rays. Another sort from Malta, called the Vipers Eye; the Gift of Seignior Altchribell; the black Speck in the middle, which is very protuberant, is surrounded with a Circle of pale Yellow, and that with another of blewish White; the rest of the Stone is black; these are frequently set in Rings. The same Italian Gent. gave me another Stone, which he brought from the Red Sea, and is said to be a Fish's Eye; it is a Kind of Pisolythus, the Humours of the Eye, with the Tunica Uvea, and the Iris, are not ill-represented (h)(h) Grew's Mus. Reg. p 258.. Hither also may be referred the Oculi Cancrorum, a crustaceous Stone, said to be taken out of Crab's Eyes; of these I have both the blewish and white, of a less and larger Sort, better than 1 ½ Inch round, which Mrs. Sus. Maddox brought me from Prussia.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

The Belemnitæ are the last Classis in Mr. Lhwyd's Lithophylacii Britannici Ichnographia: Here are of different Sizes and Colours, from little more than ½ Inch to to to 4 ½ in Length. Dr. Plot's of that Dimension was but 1 ¼ round, but this is 2 ½; yet but a Fragment (nor was that of Dr. Lister's any other) (k)(k) De Lapid. pag. 226. of the Yorkeshire Belemnites maximus niger. An entire one of the same Dimensions from the Hedington Quary Com. Oxon; it is hollow for 1 ½ Inch at the Base; it enclines to a Yellow, and when vehemently rubb'd takes up a Straw like Amber, which the black one will not do, though as large. Don. D. Rog. Gale Arm. A lesser from Cricklade Hill Com. Gloc. radiated like a Star from a closer Center. Another from Croydon Chalk-Pits in Surrey. Don. D. Jo Woodward M. D. One that in three Inches Length is not much thicker than a Goose Quill; and another that in less than one Inch in Length is very near two in Circumference. The Medulla in one of the hollowed Belemnites consists of a white Sort of Selenites or Spar. The Generality of these Thunderbolts, as the Vulgar call them, are of a Conical Figure, from a thick Basis tapering to a Point: But amongst some sent me by my Lord Bishop of Carlisle, there is one Cylindrical, or equally thick from End to End; and another that is thickest in the Middle, and gradually slenderer to both Ends: The former of these hath the Rima or Chink, the whole Length, which the second hath only at the Basis; and another at the small Point, but the Generality want it. As to Colour, here are the black, whitish, ash-coloured, reddish, brown and Amber-coloured.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

To Marble may fitly be added Alabaster, which some Naturalists account marmor incoctum sive imperfectum: Of this here are clear white of different Thicknesses, and white, with red Veins, and brown Spots, dug up at Fairburn near Ledston in this Neighbourhood. A globular Flint, of the Colour of Amber without, and a large Oval one, that within hath a Spar-like Substance, sent from Newcastle, by Dr. Cay. Lapis Armenius, or a Sort of Native Blew, of which Cæruleum nativum, see Dr. Plot (d)(d) Nat. Hist. of Oxon, pag. 57 & 161.. Don. Rog. Gale Arm.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Variety of Copper and Lead Ores from very distant Mines, and some of Tin with Mundick and Pyrites; most of them the Gift of the learned and ingenious Dr. Woodward, as a Copper Ore from Westmoreland; another (with Spar) from Cornwal; a third from Mr. Basset's Mine; a 4th (with Tin in it) from a different Mine of Mr. Basset's; a 5th from Sir. Will. Godolphin's, all in the said County; a 6th with Spar pretty rich in Tin. A Copper Ore from Devonshire; and another from Cheshire. One from the Mines near Richmond in Yorkeshire. Another very rich. Don. R. Gale Arm. One that I brought from Talentire in Cumberland. Another sent me by Ste. Tempest of Broughton, in Craven Esq;. But the greatest Curiosity relating to this Metal was sent me from Sweden by Mr. William Sykes Merchant, An 1688, when (and never else, as I am informed) several of them were found in the Copper Grove at Fallum: it is a most regular Octoedra, hath six angular Points, and consequently eight solid Triangles, or as many Pyramids joined in Base; the Figure of it may be seen in the Phil. Trans. N° 277. It is not unusual for Metals, as well as their Fluores or Spars, to strike into various and exact Mathematical Figures, wherein Nature seems to attempt what she hath brought to Perfection in this, which is the most curious, and in the Opinion of most competent Judges, beyond any Thing that hath been seen in its Kind. My Lord Bishop of Carlisle obliged me with a Specimen of Lead Ore and Sulphur pick'd up at the Out-bursts of their several Veins that have begun to shoot out in such regular Forms.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Antimony from Prussia. Mundick from Cornwal. A Marchasite very curiously variegated from Cole-Orton Coal-Pits in Leicestershire; all three from Dr. Woodward. A very fair and large Marchasite given me at Whitehaven in Cumberland, by the ingenious Will. Gilpin Esq;. An Orbicular Marchasite tuberated about the Bigness of a Hand-Ball. Another from the Chalk-Pits near Cherry-Hinton in Cambridgeshire. Don. R. Gale Arm. A granulated Marchasite growing on an Ash-coloured Stone pointed into Right Angles. The Tabulated Marchasite flat and plain, like a Table; these are found, naturally squared and polished, in the midst of Lime-stone Rocks in Craven, whence it was sent me by the Rev. Mr. Rob. Hesketh. The Cubick Marchasite, little more than a Quar ter of an Inch Square: It seems to attain the Perfection of its Figure in a Cube.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

The Pyrites from Camel-Cross (five Miles from Kighley Com Ebor) upon the highest Hill betwixt the East and West-Seas, as is evident from the Springs running thence into both of them. This is called Mundick by some, but is really Pyrites, in the Opinion of that great Naturalist, Dr. Lister: But these Names are frequently confounded, as he truly observes, Qui vero Pyritæ in stanni fodinis habentur, a nostris metallariis MUNDIC & MAXY appellantur (a)(a) De Fontibus Medicatis Angliæ, p. 28.. A Pyrites from the Fields near Leicester. Another found near Dudley-Castle Com. Staff. Part of another, from the Shores of Scarborough; and another, with brassy shining Particles, from Whitby Shore; and a remarkable one from Weymouth: All five from Dr. Woodward's noble Store. A round Pyrites full of little Knobs of an Iron Colour. A Cylindrick one from the Isle of Wight. Don. D. Jud. Dickenson Lond. A beautiful Composition of sparkling Pyritæ of Marchasite. A white Spar and Ash-coloured Chirt in Lares. Don. D. Rog. Gale Arm.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Gratitude to my Benefactors obligeth me to acknowledge to whose Kindess I am obliged for some of the most valuable of the said Originals, viz. to the most Rev. his Grace the late Lord Archbishop of Yorke, the Right Reverend Bishops of Sarum, Carlisle, and Man; the Rev. Mr. Atkinson, Banks, Boyse, Calamy, Chorley, Clarke, Coningham, Cooke, Cressey; Daubuz, Deering, Drake, Dwyer; Fall; Gale (Dean of Yorke, to whom, and to Dr. Hudson the greatest Number of the Learned Foreigners are directed) Gibson; Hardy, Hickes, Hill, Hough, Hudson, Humfrey; Milner; Nalson, Noble; Pearson, Plaxton, Priestley; Smith, Stretton, Strype (for some very valuable temp. Reg. Eliz.) Talbot, Tallents; Wasse, and Wilkinson. And of the Laity, Mr. Bayns, Blythman, Brenand, Sir Walter Calverley, John Chamberlayn Esq; Mr. Churchill; Rob. Dale, Jo. Dyneley, and John Evelyn Esquires, the Executors of the Lord Evers; Tho. Lord Fairfax, Barwick, Tho. Robert, and Bryan Fairfax Esqrs; Roger Gale, and Will. Gilpin Esqrs; Sir Andr. Fountaine; Jo. Hare, and Rob. Hitch Esqrs; Mr. Holmes, and Houghton; Tho. Kirk Esq; Dr. Lister, Mr. Lhwyd, Sir Will. Lowther, Sir John Middleton, Robert Molesworth Esq; Robert Nelson Esq; Peter le Neve Esq; Norroy; Hen. Newman Esq; the Right Honourable Sir Tho. Parker, Lord Chief-Justice; Will. Petyt Esq; Mr. Petiver, Dr. Richardson, Tho. Rymer Esq; Dr. Sampson, Theo. Shelton Esq; Sir Phil. Sydenham, Robert Stephens Esq; the Hon. Mr. Wentworth; Sir Geo. Wheeler, and Dr. Woodward.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Here is also a Roman Altar, found at or near Pierse-Bridge, whence my Father procured it; tis mentioned as his by our common Friend Dr. Lister (Phil. Col. N°4.) and the Figure of it already twice engraved, viz. in the new Editions of Camden's Britannia (p. 782.) and Antoninus's Itinerary (pag. 50.) it is but 11 Inches in Height, and eight in Breadth. The distinct mention of CONDATI or CONDATE (for by the Distance from the Side there seem to have been liniolæ annexed to I) would almost tempt one to believe, thar Consley in that Neighbourhood was the ancient Condate, which Camden placeth in Cheshire, but that the learned Mr. Gale's Reasons add Strength to the former Conjecture. It will not however be denied, but that Consley as well as Congleton was in all Probability then called Condate; and I am the more confirmed in my Opinion (p. 161.) that the Romans had several Cities of the same Name, because my said honoured Friend Roger Gale Esq; informs me that the Ravennate Geographer hath no less than five Alauna's. The last Line, as I take it, is to be read ex jussu solvit libente animo.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

Of the tessellated Pavements, or Dice-like Squares of Stone or Brick, wherewith the Romans used to pave the Place, where they set the Prætorium, or General's Tent, &c. Here are various Specimens of different Sizes and Colours (white, red, blue, yellow, and black) and from very distinct Places; as from the ancient Isurium (Aldbrough) from a Quarter to half an Inch Square: Also some of a larger Sort, dark coloured and red, which I took from a checquered Pavement discovered there, An. 1702, within a Stable; these are an Inch Square. I saw the by Musaic Work (in May 1703) as laid by the Romans. Some of both Sizes as sent me Mr. Midgeley of Beverley, from a Pavement lately discovered in those Parts, which hath not yet met with a Person of Curiosity enough to give the World an Account of it. Four of those from the noted Stunsfield Pavement near Oxford, concerning which the ingenious Mr. Hearne hath a learned and curious Dissertation, annexed to the 8th Vol. of Leland's Itinerary. Lapides tessellati pavimenti apud Roxby in Com. Lincolniensi, An. Dom. 1699 reperti. Don. D. Rog. Gale Arm. The very Learned Dr. Gale, late Dean of Yorke, sent me two conjoined, and some of the painted Plaister from the same Place; of which see the industrious Mr. de la Pryme's Account in the Phil. Trans. N° 263, though the Passage of Dr. Lister's he refers to, is in the Phil. Collections (N° 4.) not Transactions. A Specimen of the Roman Plaister at Buxton, mentioned by Dr. Leigh in his Nat. Hist. (Lib. 3. p. 42.) Stones of the larger Sort from a tessellated Pavement discovered by the Reverend Dr. Pearson at Kirkby upon Wherfe, near Tadcaster: A Piece of eight of them with the Floor and Cement, as set by the Romans. Don. D. Gul. Pearson Canc. Ebor. Some of the smaller sort set in a finer Cement, sent me from Ireland by Sam. Molyneux Esq; with some Fragments of the Coralline and white Urns, which leads me to another Branch of the Roman Plasticks.

Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713) Lapides tessellati pavimenti apud Roxby in Com. Lincolniensi, An. Dom. 1699 reperti. Don. D. Rog. Gale Arm.
Thoresby, Musaeum Thoresbyanum (1713)

An entire Roman Lamp that I bought at London; another somewhat maimed, but of finer Workmanship, that was dug up at Yorke, upon the Bottom is FVGARI. VV. The Mouth of a Præfericulum, given me by Dr. Woodward. The Mouth of a large Vessel found at the Station last mentioned, which even in the thinnest Part (of which here is also a Specimen) is an Inch thick, but the Handles are half a Foot or seven Inches round; one of these, though of the coarsest Clay, hath had an Inscription, of which only the three last Letters OMS remain. The fine Coralline Urns are rarely without the Artificer's Name, in rais'd Letters impress'd with a Stamp at the Bottom of the Patera, or other Vessel used at their Sacrifices or solemn Festivals; for I think these, which are of very curious Workmanship, were rarely used as Sepulchral Urns. Upon a Fragment of one of these is the Lion catching at his Prey; upon another the Statue of Hercules, with the Lions Skin cast over his Left Arm. One inscribed, DOVIICCVS. Another QVINT. IM. These were from Yorke. Others of the like Materials from old Galatum, sent me by the Lord Bishop of Carlisle, (inscribed REGINVS.) from Chester, by Henry Prescot Esq; from Aldbrough and Ribchester, by the Rev. Mr. Morris, and Mr. Hargreaves; and some were found at Burgdunum in this Neigh bourhood. One found by Roger Gale Esq; in the Bank of Trent by Littleborow; and another with TRIO upon it, sent me by Sir Godfrey Copley; and lastly, one found in digging for the Foundation of the present Fabrick of St. Paul's at London, whereupon is a humane Statue very well designed with a Præfericulum, or other Sacrificing Vessel, in his Right Hand: These are all very curiously wrought in Bass-Relieve, and were made in Molds, of which I saw one in the Learned and Ingenious Dr. Woodward's Musæum at Gresham-College. Here is also one of the dark coloured Clay, with a Heart upon it; and another with a Capricorn.

Ralph Thoresby's guestbook of visitors to his museum (Yorkshire Archaeological Society MS27)
Sept. 23. 1702. Nil admirari[*] Horace, Epistulae, Book I, Epistle VI, Line 1: “Marvel at nothing” (Pythagoras said he had got this advantage by Philosophy, to wonder at nothing)— R.Roger Gale (of Scruton EsEsqueEsquire)