The Digital Ark: Early Modern Collections of Curiosities in England and Scotland, 1580-1700
Gaius Julius Caesar, Dictator (100 BC - 44 BC)
Roman general, statesman, and author who proclaimed himself "dictator in perpetuity" and was assassinated in 44 BC. Dictionary of National Biography entry: http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/48304 Other biography: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesar Relationships: Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus ([?]-31 BC)Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Marcus Antonius (14 Jan 83 BC-01 Aug 30 BC)
Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Marcus Junius Brutus (-85--42)
Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Marcus Tullius Cicero (03 Jan 106 BC-18 Dec 43 BC)
Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Cleopatra VII Philopator (69 BC-12 Aug 30 BC)
Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (106 BC-28 Sep 48 BC)
Gaius Julius Caesar was a nephew of Gaius Marius (157 BC-13 Jan 86 BC)
Gaius Julius Caesar was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Publius Clodius Pulcher (c. 92 BC-52 BC)
Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus ([?]-31 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus (63 BC-14) was a nephew of Gaius Julius Caesar
Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus ([?]-23 Apr 43 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
M. Plaetorius Cestius ([?]-[?]) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
Gaius Sallustius Crispus (86 BC-35 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
Aulus Hirtius (c. 90 BC-25 or 27 Apr 43 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
Q. Cassius Longinus (-48 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
Vercingetorix (82 BC-46 BC) was a associate or acquaintance (general) of Gaius Julius Caesar
Linked print sources: as Mentions or references - London in 1710, from the Travels of Zacharias Conrad von Uffenbach .
References in Documents:
an Oual.
19.
Livy, Salustius
and
Musæum Clausum, or, Tract XIII.
15. Three noble Pieces; of
Roman Sheild, of
a different form from that I had before, and observing
them both to be of different Materials from the usual Descrip
tions of them (which I also apprehend to be in other parts de
fective) I resolved to make a more particular Inspection into
their Texture, and whereas they are generally said to be
no, corio superinducto
Wood, but the Handle, in either of them. The Ancient
Ro
mansI observe had Three Words,
mans
for that defensive Weapon we generally English a
Sheild, which
notwithstanding their different Forms or Matter, their Au
thors (especially in the Declension of the Empire) frequently
confound, as, if I mistake not, we do
Sheild, Buckler, and
Target. The
Scutum, & Clypeus, in Form,
& in orbem justum relata, Clypeos dixere
those votive Sheilds upon the Colums or Trunk of Palm Trees.
inscribed, VIC. AVG. or DAC. PAR. &
c. In their old
Coins)
ma
dern, positively said to be of Wood covered with Leather,
and so particularly
Ob. Walker
of Coins
dus ipse non videt omnia
ma
par
bricatum
Diameter, whereof a little more than a third part is taken up
with the
made of an Iron
ConvexPlate, wrought hollow on the inside,
to receive the Gladiator’s Hand, upon the Center of this is a
lesser Boss, wherein there seems to have been fixed, some
kind of
they came to fight Hand to Hand, but the Form of this I
cannot describe, both the Sheilds being defective in that point;
nor can I receive any Light from my Collection of Coins, for
tho’ it seem to be the same that
with, yet the Sheild being carried in the Left-Hand, only the
Back Part of it is apparent. From the said
is Four Inches and an half broad on each side, in which are
11 circular equidistant Rows of Brass Studs of that Size, that
3 Inches, (for that is the Circumference of the Buckler) and so
proportionably in the lesser Circles to the Center of these 11
Rows of Brazen Studs, the inmost Circle is placed upon the
each a third of an Inch broad. The two outermost upon one
thicker Plate and Inch broad: in the little Intervals between
these circular Plates are plainly discovered certain cross
Lami
næ, that pass on the Back of the other, from the
næ
exterior Circle; and these Iron Plates are also about the third
part of an Inch at the broader End towards the Circumference,
but gradually contracted into a narrower Breadth, that they
may be brought into the Compass of the
The inner Coat next to those Iron Plates (for I cut it a little
open behind, that I might more distinctly discern the Work)
is made of very thick hard strong Leather, which cuts bright,
somewhat like Parchment. Upon that is a second Cover of
the same, and on the outside of this are plaited the Iron Pins
that run through the Brass Studs; for the above-mentioned
Brass Studs are cast purely for Ornament upon the Heads of
the said Iron Pins the sixth part of an Inch long, that none
of the Iron appears: this reminds me of
who, as
Ostentation in his Army,
naret, simul & ad speciem, & quo tenaciores eorum in prælio essent,
metu damni
(which pass through the circular and cross Iron Plates, and
both the Leather Covers) is a pure linnen Cloth, but disco
loured, though perhaps not with Age only, but sower Wine
and Salt, or some other Liquid wherein it seems to have been
steeped. And lastly, upon the said Linnen is the outmost
Cover, which is of softer Leather, all which Coats that com
pose the Sheild, are bound together by two circular Plates of
Iron, a thin and narrow one towards the Center, and a thick
er and large one, an Inch broad at the Circumference, which
is curiously nailed with two rows of very small Tackets, above
400 in Number, the vacant Holes whence some of the Nails
are dropt out, are little bigger than to admit the Point of a
Pair of small Compasses, both which Rims do likewise fasten
the Handle (the only part of Wood) which has also Six other
Iron Plates about three or four Inches long, to secure it.
Monsier, in hand to take
Monsier, mine heart's so sorie,
graphias)s)
in my Compass, I shall endeavour to reduce these to his Method, on
ly he
beginning with Chrystals and Diamonds, I
shall premise the Margaritæ Cumbrenses.
have as good a Water as thePearls
Oriental:
, which are as useful in Physick as the finest, though notSand-Pearls
so valuable for the Beauty.
of the finer WaTwin-Pearl
ter; a Dozen of which were sent me by my
who hath been a First-rate Benefactor to this Collection of Natural
Curiosities above 20 Years ago.
Hen. Savile's
(
t)
t)
Life ofAgricol.
is neither so agreeable to the Sentiments of
tempted by their Beauty (as
toBritish Pearls
, nor to the express Testimony of veVenus Genetrix
nerable
u)
u)
Eccles. Hist. Lib. I. C. I.
Alfred
Onyx with Moss included in Part of it. Don. D.
Boulter
Rock-Crystal, half a Foot round one Way, and within half an
Inch
of it, the other. It was brought me from
Jabes Cay
who observed therein the
Modus Concrescendiin the Middle, different
from that of the out-side. Sometimes there remains a small Drop in
the Middle of a transparent Peble that will never take the solid Form.
Irisor lesser Crystals, here are several Sorts, as those called
, from the Place inDownham Diamonds
round; from
Hargrave
fromDiamonds
(near the Sulphur-well) after Rain; as are also those at
Downham .
from the County ofBrindle-stones
near two Inches in Circumference one way, and above 2 ½ the other.
AmethistineColour. Don. D.
M. Marshal , Dublin .
from theIris minima Cambrensis
Anglesey.
Episc.
rency, and Sizes, of which one very much resembles that engraved
Lh. Tab. I. 15
fromPseudo-Adamantes
Jo. Wood
wardM. D.
ward
like, but more opace, about a Foot in Circumference; but from whence
I know not, it being given to
Crysta
lizedSpar very curious from the Iron-ores in
lized
nefactor last mentioned, from whom I received most of the
Sparsthat
follow.
Spar from
Peak.
called
from the
Scot's Pillar at
Pool's
Hole,
Derbyshire .
Spar
from the
Lonesdale's
unlike it from Alderman
Okey-holein
Quarry at
Quarry near
Stalagamites, one very curious, like
Lh. Tab. I. 50
Rasp-berry.
Species, course like the Stone they adhere to.
: This I brought from the Petrifying orStalagamites mamil
laris opacus
laris opacus
Dropping-wellat
Stalactites
or Water-pipe (
x)
x)
p. 301.
Pipes, each large enough to receive a Goose-Quill, and a transverse
one that passeth horizontally.
Stalactitesor
Lapides Stil
latitii, as
latitii
Plot
y)
y)
Nat. Hist.
p96
Top of a Vault, and is seven Inches round where it hath joined the
Roof, yet has a small Hole quite thro' it;
ry fine Sparine Substance, but hath no Hollow.
rence betwixt the
Stalactitesand the
Sparis, that the former is always
opacous and never angular. The latter always or usually perspicuous,
and never round (
z)
z)
p. 306.
Moon-stone or
Selenites Rhomboidalisof
Plot
a)
a)
consists of ten Planes, four long, as many short, and the two Sides:
sent me by the
UniversityCol.
hath also two smaller
Selenitæimmersed about half Way in the Body
of the large one.
that seems like the half one, split theSelenites
long Way, so hath but six Planes.
of the longer Sort and thinner:
in Digging a Well at
from
Woodward
Musæum.
Talcum aureum Indiæ Occidentalis.
sides this
Gold Talkfrom the
a Sort of Silver
, but know not the Place.English Talk
. to determineJulius
Cæsar , &c
causes in Chancery.
delicately emboss'd inJulius Cæsar
Wax upon Copper: This was amongst the
Fairfax
and had been the
Stonehouse
Front of his Medals, with this Inscription,
.Julius
Cæsaris ectypum in
cerâ, ex antiquâ Carneolâ
cerâ, ex antiquâ Carneolâ
Curiosities, I had formerly placed theBritish
, or ratherSecuris La
pidea
pidea
Marmorea, sent me by
Stephen Tempest, of
, EsqBroughton
but the ingenious
Hearne
hath bestowed a learned DisOxford
sertation upon it (premised to the 4th Vol. of
's Itinerary) toLeland
prove it rather
. It was found,Danish
An
Diameter, and therewith a Brass
Lance, and a
Honeto sharpen it. The
Mallet's Head is the most curious and entire that ever I beheld; it is
of a speckled Marble polished, six Inches in Length, 3½ broad, and
seven in Circumference, even in the Middle, where what is want
ing in Breadth is made up in the Thickness, and is very artificially
done, as if it had been a
Improvement of theRoman
Work.British
with Use, and a sloping at the Side, in the Forms expressed in the
Table adjoining, whereof one represents the full Side of it, the other
the Edge, that the Eye for the
Manubriumto pass thro' (which is
near an Inch and Quarter Diameter) may be better discerned. I sup
pose it to have been a Mallet wherewith the Priests slew the Sacrifi
ces, and fancied it to be the ancient
, rather than any later InBritish
habitants of this Island. It being reasonable to suppose, that the
Abo
riginesin each Country, before the use of Metals was common, would
rigines
make Use of Stones, Flints, Shells, Bones,
&c.formed in the best
Manner they could, to the various Uses they designed them. And it
is usual for such Instruments or Utensils gratefully to retain even in
different Languages, the Memory of the first Matter they were made
of, as
Cochlearea
Spoon(though of Metal) because
Cockle-shellswere
first used to the Purpose. So
Candle-stick, or
Staff, (for it is canδŗ
τæꝻ in the
Monuments;) so likewiseSaxon
Hookes(
AmosIV. 2.) in
the Original is
Thorns, with which they used to pierce Fish, before
they had the Skill of applying Iron to that Use. And to give but
one Instance more, the
Sharp Knives(
JoshuaV. 2.) used in Circum
cision, are by our
Ancestors (who received their very NamesSaxon
from their Weapon
Sexor
Seax,
culter,
gladius) called ŗτœnene ŗæx
(
Thwait
.) which in the Original isSaxon Hept
Knivesof
Flint,
which is more agreeable both to those Parts of the World, where
there was but little Iron, and to that Operation, wherein the
Jewish
Doctors say that sharp Flints or Stones were used. So, as to the Mat
ter in Hand, the ancient
(with whom Iron was so rare, thatBritains
tells us, they used it for Money) made their Arrow Heads ofCæsar
Flint, and probably their Mallets for Sacrifice of Stone or Marble.
But because I cannot easily allow my self to dissent from the learned
Hearne
downwards is peculiarly used by the
, and that a Mallet inDanes
stead of a Scepter was put into the Hand of their famous God
,Thor
"who was supposed to be a
Godof much greater
Powerthan the
rest, and therefore he was most esteemed, and the
Honourspaid him
were more considerable than those paid to any besides. His
Domi
nionwas believed to be
nion
Universal, and the other
Godswere look'd
upon as subject to him. Nothing of Moment was undertaken or
transacted without
Addressesand
Supplicationsfirst made to him.
And it was reckoned a very great
Honourto have
Instrumentsmade
in such a Form as put them in Mind of him." Thus far I heartily
concur with that learned and ingenious Author, and believe that their
Sacrificing Malletsmight be made in that Form, rather than any other
Instruments, with respect to that great reputed Deity; and I do sup
pose this to be one of them, rather than a
Battle-Axebelonging to a
Soldier of inferiour Quality; for seeing their other Military Instru
ments in Metal are frequently met with, why should not also their
Battle-Axesof Stone, the common Soldiers being the most numerous
Part of an Army, it is therefore much more probable in my slender
Opinion that it belonged to their Sacrifices before their Conversion to
the Christian Faith.
dius
videN° 80, 81, 82,
83
123, 124
Eliphas
Anchises
P.
Asiae Pro
Cos.
Christianam fidem
amplectitur
Pauli praedicatione.
The woman who
was showing us round assured us that the Le vray Portrait du Cerf dans le