May 23 sti vet. June 2 sti. no. 1645. John Bargraue

On the day and yeare aboue written, (I (being May 23, Fryday Gouernor to 2 young gentle-men, viz MrMr. Alexander Chapman, and MrMr. John Richards, hauing likewise wthwith mee a Companion of theirs MrMr. John Raymond my nephew) tooke Sea at Douer abowt 8 at night in the packet boate, haueing some Germans, English and Scots aboard wthwith vs, by reason of a Scottish Leard that came ouer, wee had a Conuey wthwith vs by the Admiralls appoyntment, caled the Speedy=-post: a smale vessell of some 10 per of Owrdnance, wchwhich we lost before morning, the wind being Easterly. Abowt 2 in the morning wee came to an anker at Sharlees poynt, a league or more from Cales; and about 7 in the morning wee wayed anker and went in to the Harbor, and so on shore at Cales, \\\ where hauing first our portmantles opened and searched, wee were had to the Maiors howse whoe being not within, we went and Cales tooke up our Inn Au Lion D'argent. On Saturday I saw the Duke of Orleans, Generall to the ffFrench army, consisting of neere vpon 40000 men (as there I was told) he was then going owt to the army not being aboue 8 leagues off: many of his souldiers were in the towne neere vpon 100 waggons of amunition as many mules laden, wthwith seuerall troopes of horse and galantry, and yet I found the towne very quiet. This This day being Whitsonday eaue, we went to the great Church where was a solemne [  ] Pentecoste. procession and good musick. On the Sunday morning wee went thither againe, and on the after noone wee went to see, the first the Nunnerie and its chappell, then the Monasterie of the Franciscan Fryers. One of them (wchwhich cold speake English but no Latine) treated vs courteously, and wnwhen wee were in, he first locked the doore after vs, and then he shewed vs the library, hall, chappel, conclaue and dormitories, wchwhich are hard places to sleepe on wthwithowt any bedding, but only a bedsted wthwith girts and canuess. thayThay goe wthwith haire next to theire skinn, and bare footed except on the soale. theThe whole place was darke and meane except a hansom walke in the garden, theire whole number he saide was but 17 but that there was 30000 of that order in the Christian world.

Then wee went to another Conuent caled the minorites, vulgarly minums wchwhich is an Order of another StSaint ffFrancis ie. StSaint Francis de Pole. Wee being in the Chappell, One of the order (an auncient man) being sweeping of it, came to mee and spake french, but I answered him in Latine, (hauing not as yet the french Language) he replyed in Latine that I was welcome. Then I demaunded whether it was not lawfull for vs to see theire Colledge, then he locked the dore and Carryed vs through a vestry into the Cloisters, and so all ouer the howse, in theire Conclaue there he told mee that once a weeke at the leaste, euery one of the (being but 14) were bound bound to come priuately and before a picture there of StSt. Fran: de Pole to confess theire sinns, and aske pardon.

The other orderorders are bound to touch no mony, nor eate any thing but what is giuen them, and thay them selues begg abowt and theire habitation meane. This last order Hath some indowment, (but smale as he told mee) may take as much mony as you will giue, Eate plentifully but yet only of the fish, and theire habitation hath some beauty and theire lodgings are good and easie. He of the Capuchion order spake somewhat disgracefully of this other order, saying thay were weake, and not \\\ strengthned to endure enough for Christs sake: at his beds feete stood a picture which I taking it to be StSt. Francis, he told me no but that is was a brother which was beatified some 60 yeares agoe, and he esteemed him as his peculiar sainct.

The minorite I spake wthwith was a scholler, and a preist, speaking very ready Latine, he saide thay eate no flesh, nor eggs, nor butter, but hauing but smale meanes thay might take mony, so I gaue him that kept the dore 8 sous for wchwhich he was very thankefull: he told me that StSt. Francis de Pole liued but abowt 100 yeares since and so vp and told mee of many miracles that hee did, all wchwhich are in new pictures in the hall. This man spake something disgracefully of the other order, saying thay were not learned but ignorant men, and did many things indiferentely through theire ignoraunce.

On

From thence we went abowt 8 in the morning 29. andand came to Bouais abowt 2 in the after noone Bouais Au limage StSt. Christopher. there wee dined, and then walked into the Cathedrall, wchwhich is not large but neate. there being the whole historie of our sauior the most exquisitely cut in MosaickReleaue worke that euer I saw or cann see. This towne is faire and large wthwith 3 draw bridges and clapp gates. I met 2 fryers abegging wthwith linnen wallets ouer theire sholders. I asked thēthem whether thay cold speake Latine, but thay answered mee in French. So I cold not talke wthwith them. Heare the Germans our Companions and I had a greate difference. So farr that thay thretned to be my death before I came to Paris, One saying as farr as I cold vnderstand Sacrament, Ich doe Àat Hunsfoot [  ]sleigen an weyg Parees, caling mee skellū and hunsfoot, often, which I not bearing returnd them Rogue and Raskall; Thay were 8 Germans, but onely one of them was the cause, and maintainer of the quarrell, the other being more temperate and discreet, excepting some times in passion. This one wchwhich was so violent (thay all spake latine other wise wee had not vnderstood one another.) Dutch, French, Latine, and English striuing who shold haue the better of it.) he told mee that he was a noble mans sonn In Germanie and that being lately in England (this and 3 more of them came in the boate with vs frōfrom Douer) onely as a traueler to see it, and the Maior (Consul Londinensis was his word) of London and other officers had used himhim basely, hauing taken frōfrom him (omnes euis [ ] catholicas) his bookes, beads, crosses, and the like, but now thay had mee there thay wold make mee know that I was not in England often saying Quid faciemus cūcum illo, vpon wchwhich I [           ] told thēthem that thay shold know thay were not in Germany, and that I had hands and a weapon as well as he wchwhich was so violent; and because he had threatned to be my death on the way to Paris, I desird him to goe single wthwith mee and end the quarrell there. Wchwhich his companions perceiving, thay tooke him frōfrom his violence, and desiring to know my affections in the difference that was betweene the King and his subiects, I told them my I was of no party, but by my Oathes I was bound to be obedient to my Souereign and all the iourny after thay were my very good freinds, and Tres humble Seruiturs but I had an ey to the shauers pistolles. TilliaAfter dinner we tooke horse and came abowt 9 at night to Tillia some 13 leagues frōfrom Paris a smale Country village we lodgd Au Croix blanchblanche. wee saw neurneuer a vineyard vntil wee came to Bauois, but there abowt thousands of acres are planted wthwith vines. Frōfrom that towne 30. Beaumont. we tooke horse abowt 4 in the morning and came to Beaumont abowt 11 Au grosse teste (or Sarasans heade) where wee dined This is This is no very greate towne, but hath a very faire riuer that runneth by it, ouer wchhich we went vp on a stone bridge: Abowt 2 wee tooke horse, and coming neerer Paris wee finde abundance of vineyards and a very plentifull Country. wee stayd abowt 4 howres at Beaumont wchhich being the last stage, the custome is after dinner to haue a plate for a gathering for the messengers man, to whome wee did contribut each man one liuer. (1s-6d) Then wee came to StSt. Denis. StSt. Denis where the custome is that those which were neuer at Paris before shold pay all that the Companie caleth for, via moderet manner, wchhich cost vs but 8 [  ][  ]sols a man. [  ] (ie. 8 pence) Abowt 5 at night wee came to Paris. Paris, alighted Au Croix de Fert Rue Sntt. Martin (at the Iron Cross in Stt. Martins streete) but (being directed by young Mrr. Skinner) went to the signe Au Ville Du Venice in the Foburgh of Stt. Germins, where the first man I met wthith was Mrr. James Newman, whoe saluted mee by my name: he was then lately come frōom Rome and the other parts of Italie.

On the 30 (sti no) of July we went to StSaint Chapell StSaint Chapell.to see the place and antiquities wchwhich are esteemed the rarest and richest in all ffranceFrance except StSaint Dennis: Withowt the Chappell is one broade, but short, walke or Cloister of a high pitch, where there standeth a monstrous large Hart or stagg, cut owt in wood, wchwhich is the proportion (according to all dimentions) of a Hart that one of the Dukes of Bituriges kild some 4 leages off frō the city, about. About the neck hangeth the king of Frances armes. Le temps viendra Is writ in the south dore.

[These words written within a box.]

In the owt ward chappel hangeth a vast candelstick of brasse, in the forme of a crowne, wchwhich will hold some 6 score large tapers, wchwhich being once lighted, (as thay told me) melted the leds of the windowes, wchwhich are very faire. The Rarities within the vestryes were these.

[Images of the rarities, which are labeled with the list below. These images include a vase, a cross, a crown, and images of bodies.]

A. Some of yethe wood of yethe true cross richly adorned. B. a thorne of the crowne of Christ. C. The box where yethe innocents ly. D. the chalice. E. the couer. F. 2 water pots of 2 whole seueral stones. G. a bason of Saphir H. The innocents carkases, and linens. I. Drawers for the Woode

The Mystagogus (or he that shewed these Antiquities) was an old man in a cassock and girdle, the. The french boy that was wthwith vs told vs he was a priest, and therefore seemed to wonder wnwhen the old man told mee he cold speake no latine: but ther were 2 vnder officers whereof one cold speake iust enough to name the things to vs. There was a greate tapor lighted (about 3 in the afternoone) and sett into the vestery, then the Old man poored water owt of a greate siluer pott in the owtward vestry and washed his hands, then so soone as hee opened the dores where the reliques were hee kneeled downe and spake something priuatly to him selfe wchwhich donn he shewed vs those things deliniated in the former page.

The Cross was abowt the lenght of my arme Crux. couered wthwith gold and very rich stones: thorow some Cristalls the wood was seene wchwhich thay saide was soome of the same cross that Christ was crusified on: At the 4 owt ends of the crosse where the faces and brests of the 4 monarches, being 4 greate stones of a flesh coulor, whose naturall veines wthwithowt the art of paynting suite to the thing represented. The basis is all pure gold.

Spina. The next thing was an extraordinary rich crowne of beaten gold, sett wthwith faire large precious stones. I asked whether that were the crowne of the Prorex or Duke of Burges. hHe saide noe, but that the crowne was onely for the honour of one of the thornes which had crowned our sauiour, wchwhich was now there in this crowne,:; and then in the middle crystall flower-de-luis thay poynted to the thorne, wchwhich is seene thorough the cristall, the other cristalls being cleere. 17 (So that Iodoicus Sinierus is owt in his itinerarium Galliæ, who so caleth this the crowne of the Dukes of Burges whereas it is onely for the thornes sake.)

Then in a coffer of wood wchwhich is all ouer guilded Bimati. there lyeth the seuerall limbs (as thay say) of 3 of the Bimati or Innocents wchwhich Herod kild when he thought to haue killed XtChrist. theThe box being opened I wold have touched thē but the Mystagogus wold not suffer mee (although I had the cross and the crowne in my hand) but bad one of his vnder officers take out one part of them wchwhich seemeth to bee like leather, not stiff but flexible, being doubled againe to put into the coffer. One is allmost whole in the proportions, but thinn like vnto parchment.

Chalice. Then wee saw a challice of beaten gold, pelleted with iewels, the couer was of a large pelluced or transparent stone, besett full of other stones of infinite vallue.

Vasa.There is allso seuerall little water potts, of that forme I haue figured thē in the former page, which are so many seuerall precious stones, and of other materialls wchwhich I knew not. Together wthwith a large bason of one Saphire stoane.

Frō hence wee went into another vestery Vestes. where the robes lay: where there are some thirty seuerall rich imbrothered worked — Fronts and Palls for the Altar, wthwith extreamly rich Coap's especially one of gold, pearle, and other stones together wtwhat other furniture sutable. These riches were all almost giuen by theire founder John Duke of Bituris, whoe lyeth buried, [  ] writt on the wall. entumed before the Altar: abowt wchwhich is a writing that hath the date of 1416 to be the yeare of his death. Me Dur cōstruric Bitturic Eltyrdotxui Et Ꝑjul attendens año Ꝑsente Sæuit.

Aug. 4 There was yethe Prior of StSaint Vrsine buried A prior buried. in the body of StSaint Stephens church: The alter was clothed wthwith blacke weluet wthwith a white satin cross in the midst,:. theThe coaps were sutable with skulls and boanes worked wthwith the needle which suite is for all funeralls. All that had alliance to him had a wax light in theire hands and 4 greate tapers standing by the coffin couered wthwith a blak veluet and a white satin cross. allAll the kindred first and then the Chanons sprinked water on the coffin, and afterwards on the graue, the priest (mass being first saide) putt in the first durt him selfe, and then the laborers doe the rest while the canon sang an Anthē or a Requiem. And so wee parted.

3 Nuns made.On The 6 of Aug. there were 3 that entred in to the Nunnerie La Charity, or Pooure Dudu Dieu, vn Hostile Dudu Dieu. weeWee went to see the ceremony. vid.pa. 44. whenWhen wee came wee found the Chappel abowt halfe full, One preist in a faire coape sitting before the Altar or Table, and another in a surplice in another chaire, a speaking or preaching vnto the 3 that were to enter the order, who kneeled before the Alter. Two of thē were in white, the one satin the other taffety: the third was in a blake silke petticoate and wastcoate, All in theire hares and ribands. The sermon ended, he that preached rose frō his chaire and went owt then the other preist begann with an Oremus, some prayers ended, he rose, and and sitting in the chaire Asked the deuoted some questions,:: whether thay were not forced to this or had made promise of mariage: whether that were resolu'd to leaue the world,:: whether thay were desirous of being wedded to XtChrist. &t. To whome Je no point constraint: Je ne fait de veu: mais par inspiration On Jesu XtChrist. &t. One answered (in a pittifull voice) that thay did earnestly desire it, and beseeched him to make them so happy as to accomplish the business (the french I vnderstood not well, but I conceiued it to this effect). Then hee came anand vnpined and puld off theire handkercheifes frō theire necks wthwith these words Exue veterē hominē cū omnibus actionibus eius,:: he speaking first to one, then to the second, and the same to the third; Then the 2 matrons (or old Nunns) that \\\ kneeled on each side of them vnpined theire heads, and then rose and went owt of yethe Chappel: In the meane time the preist wthwith some crosses and prayers, sett apart a little basket of theire habits, and thay being returned were all in blake except on theire heads wchwhich was white: then the preist tooke the basket and gaue to each of them a good large linnen vaile, saying thus to euery one of thē. Accipe velamen Sacrum pudicitiæ et reuerentiæ, serua hoc immaculatū in nomine patris, Filij et Spiritus Sancti. Amen.

Then he 20 [This page has been ripped from the notebook. As a result, only some very few letters and words near the far left margin of the page are visible.] [This page has been ripped from the notebook. As a result, only the some very few letters and words near the far right margin of the page are visible.]

A faire at Bourg On the 10 of August (Eti no) it being St Laurence A faire at Bourg his holy day, there was a smale faire at Bourges, kept in St Priuat's streete. theThe cheife materialls were hoops of all cises and boords for tubs and other such things as belong to the prouiding for the vintage: withowt the gate in the Foubourgh were a few cattle. Ouer the Doore of the Church neerest the faire was put vp an Inscription in greate letters wch was—Indulgence pleniere. theThe Church was throngd wth people going too and frō for all that forenoone, many poore of all sorts laying and begging at the doore. I went in amongst the rest, and found the people all on theire knees, one preist preist at mass, and another reading of the Indulgence as I tooke it to bee. That day there was a good lusty red berded Pilgrim. fellow in the streets in a pilgrims habit, the people flocked abowt him, and because he cold speake no french thay mocked him and abused him. heHe saide hee was an Italian, that he hadd 30000 liures ꝑper annum in his owne country, and for saken all for Christs sake: and therefore bore theire flowts cheirefully,:. heHe spake latine very well, and saide he cold speake 6 languages, by reason of the crowd I cold not come to speake to him, neither indeed was it salfe for mee. thayThey told him he was no catholich, he answered that the warrs wch the french had euery where, shewd yt they were none.

August 12. The greate bels of St Steuen (or the CatheCathedral) Sta Clara 12. Aug rang abowt 9 of the clocke. I went to the Church and there I found a cordeliere in the pulpet a preaching. whenWhen he had donn thay went a solemne procession through the streets, carrying a very faire cross vpon two of theire sholders, wch thay say is made of some of our Sauiors cross, it is couered wth gold and siluer the wood being sēene thorough cristals, the people fell all vpon theire knees in the streets all along as it went by them. I went along wth them. At the Nunnery of Sta Clara thay all turnd in, and I wth them, when wee came into the chappell, wee were all besprinkled with water by one that stood for that purpose, then thay sang a parte of the letany before the altar, the chorus often cōming in with– Ora Pro Nobis, Ora Pro Nobis., whilst that the preists that bore the crosse were adorning the cross with a cross of flowrs and nosegaies wch the nuns had prouided. Just by mee was the grate thorough wch I saw 7 or 8 Nuns in a gray habit, and a kinde of a long french hood of the same cōming to the middle of the back ouer a hood of the same and a white vaile. whenWhen the cross was furnished wth the flowres we all went bake againe to the cathedrall in order as wee did before. Euery Munke after his order, each order having a cross carryed before them. 22 Then the Canons. thenThen the Cross: with 5 greate torches hauing the Kings and the Cities arms on them. Then the Mayor and Escheuins and anon the throng of people. After this manner.

[Fig: two people carry a raised platform, on top of which sits a large cross. These figures are surrounded by other people who belong to the mentioned throng of people, four of whom carry torches.]

Processio. Crux Sancta Ex ligno veræ crucis; iam ptraurato

Wee being returned to the Cathedrall the cross as it was adorned wth flowres and a set of beads was sett vpon the high alter and all the orders and company went away. butBut diuerse poore people went and kneeled before the alter and when the preists had taken off the cross of flowres, they gaue the preists theire chap lets or beads, to touch the cross (it being made of the same cross our saviour suffered on as thay say) wch thay did, and so returned thē againe. wWch donn, the ceremony ended, I returned home.

The Nuns at the howse of St Clare had this kinde of habit on the backside theire coulor being gray. the grates kept mee from the full sight of theire formost dress, but 2 of them with \\\ noasgaies in theire hadhand passed by mee in this forme.

[Fig: Bargrave's depiction as referred to above is imposed in the centre of this paragraph interrupting each line.]

On the 28 of August the Augustine friers St August. 28. Aug. went on procession, it being theire holy day for St August: but not commanded or kept by the church but only for that order. At this time there was a greate dright for want of Raine so that the vintage was extreamely feared to be spoyled. Therfore on the 28 of Aug the Mn Sr Mondon my french St Vrsins bones in procession for rayne Master came an howre later to meee then his time appoynted, and he told mee the reason was because he went in the procession for Rayne, wch was performed by carrying the Corps, or rather the bones, (as thay fable) of St Vrsine in pomp abowt the city, in a coffin: singing before them, and Inuocating that Saint for rayne: He said that St Vrsin was the first Bishop of Burges and liued in the primatiue times, immediatly after Christ, and that thay had very often receiued rayne by inuocating of him in this manner. I told him twas much the body of St Vrsin shold keepe to long; he answered that he thought it was only his bones in the coffin, and that tradition had so deliuered it to thē:

On the 10 of this month. The Jesuits sent Henricus A Tragedie. by a seruant 4 little books to mee (for each of vs one) and Inuited vs to the Tragedy wch was acted the next day in the Archbishops Hall: The 2 Scotch Jesuits came and fetched vs, and prouided the best places for vs, next to Monsr who was then treasurer of St Chapell, and brother to the Lord that was at the charges of the tragedie, and guifts that were giuen to the best deseruing boyes and Iust behinde vs sat the Mayor, and the Rector of the Coll: and Chancellor. The Argument of the Tragedie. The Tragedie was the History of Henry 3d Emperor. who being deposed by force and the policy of his sonn, had his Crowne, sceptor, robes &t violently taken from him, and his sonn crowned in his place. Which donn he came to so greate misery, that at Spira he begged foode of the Bishop, and wold haue binn made one of the qQuire, because hee was learned and cold sing: but thay refused to receiue him, although he him selfe was founder of that place: vpon wch he sighting saide - You - You that shold bee my freinds at the least haue som pitty towards mee, for the hand of the Lord is vpon mee. His greife at the lenghtlength kild him, and he was so hated of all men that his body lay 5 yeares in a by place of that chappell wch he had built at Spira, before it was buryed. He being a very wicked man had this iudgement falen on him. books sent vs. The bookes wch were sent vs were the argument of the tragedy, and the abbreuiated somme euery Act, composed in very good latine, together wth the Actors names.

It was performed Exceeding well (if not ouer acted) and not any stopp or hesitation.

Before the Trag: begann Father Sprowd Thomas A Kempis lent mee a Thomas A Kempis for to reade in, Commending the Author (as well he might in part) and booke vnto mee. At my first turnigturning there was a leafe turnd downe and the picture of St Pauls Conuersion in a loose paper, aboue it was printed–Conuersio Sti

[Fig: A small sketch of a wreath in the bottom left margin of the page]

Pauli, 29 Pauli. andAnd vnderneath it was printed this Sancta Conuersio, confundit inimicū,:: ædificat praximum glorificat Deum. Isiodor. Orate pro omnibus existentibus in peccato mortali. Vpon this (he sitting next to mee) wee had some discourse suiting to the historie. Then he wished mee to reade in the 4th booke where were many things to conuert mee to the opinion of Transubstantiation aAnd in that discourse he said one greate argument to him was, the holiness of the liues, and greateness of miracles that haue binn donn by men of that Religion wch he now professed. Naming St Xeuerius that Turned the Japonians to embrace Christianity &t. But for vs wee cold shew no liues of any Protestant sett forth to the glory of god and the confirming of the truth of our Religion. but as for themselues he thought XtsChrist's Corporiall presence was the cause of theire blessed liues and greate miracles. My answere was that we had many which liued most piously, but wee were not vaine glorious in writing theire liues,:: and as for miracles, I cold not be certaine of the truth. It being no consequent that thay shold be true because thay were in print. Lastly that if Christs corporeall presence shold be the cause of shome mens Sanctity and miracles –Qua talis– all that receiue in that Church, of that opinion, shold be holy, and allso shold worke miracles: both wch Father Sprowd and I knew to be false. Whilst he was taking my answer off, The Tragedy begann and broake off our discource. He argued so lowde that wee had many eyes and eares vpon vs.

Mr Brockman my Noble freinde and Mr Brokman sick. countryman being taken with a fitt of an ague was faine to goe owt of the Hall iust before the tragedy began; Mr Ricot left Bourges. This day Mr [  ] Richot an English gentleman left Bourges and tooke his iourny for Angiers.

The Tragedy being ended There Solemnis præmiorum distributio. was a very prety Pastorall to the Honor of him whoe was at the charges of him who g the tragedy and bookes which were giuen to the best schollers. [Sketch of laurel wreath] which pastorall was all French (the Laurea Corona Tragedy being before in Latin)

30

The Pastorall ended. There was some 20 or 30 very faire bownd bookes, some folio's, some. 8°. 4°. broth owt on a table. Then He that Personated the Emperor in his glory, and ritch clothes (wch thay had frō Paris) Re'dd ouer the names of the best deseruing boyes and caling them on after another in order, thay (in vew of all the people) went vp a lather to the stage, and there wth the sownd of Drum and Trumpets were first crowned wth bayes, and then according to his merit, had one of those bookes giuen him. some boyes had 2 some 3 bookes and three crownes, of 3 seuerall times, as thay prooued to be best both in Latine and greeke, in Poetry or Prose, in each seuerall classis of wch there is 5. theThe vppermost being coun=tedted the first. This is an excellent way to encourage boyes, and stirr them vp to emulation: And thus thay doe in all the Jesuits Coll: both in Italie and France, as Father Sprowd told mee. There are Electors chosen, who take a solemne oath to giue the rewards to the best deseruing boyes.

The boyes that are of the Rethorique The boyes breake vp at the time of vintage schoole or Classis did now breake vp, and the other schooles follow abowt a weeke after, being frō schoole in the vintage time, and so for a month haue leave to be absent.

Abowt the midst of August wee had A very cold sea sonseason in August. so very a cold season, that I did much wonder that winter shold beginn so soone in the midst of France, but thay told mee wee shold haue as yet another æsticula or little sommer, otherwise their vines wold be in danger. All the vintage wch was in (as for the most part it is) in Septē. wasWas temperat faire weather. A very hot season in Octob But abowt the midst of October isit was so violently hot, and the sunne many dayes together so cleere that I cold not much hay made. well indure the heate of it. At this time thay cutt and made greate store of hay, and dryed it as well as wee in England cann doe at Midsom: This was the third crop of hay that some closes abowt Burges had yealded that yeare.

Quo uadis Domine. Father Sprowd and I hauing onone day some discourse abowt Peters being at Rome, I vrging that Functius denyeth it in his Cronologie: he amongst other proofs told mee that hee him selfe had binn at Rome, had had much discourse wth the Pope, and that concerning this business, amongst wch this interueined that some a league frō Roome there is a Church Caled to this very day 44 day—Quo vadis Church– receiuing it's name frō this occasion. viz. that when StPeter was at Rome he once feared the persecution and so determined to fligh frō it, But at this place where this Church standeth, Our sauior appeared vnto him, to whome St Peter saide—Quo vadis Domine, to which Christ answered—Eo Romã iterum crucifigi—vpon which Peter returned back to Rome saying—mallē memetipsũ quã te iterum crucifigi— and so went back and was crucified at Rome, where his body now is, and afterwards a church was built vpon this place in memory of this action.

Octob 19 the 19 the congregation bell An assembly of the cleargy. ringing betimes in the morning, I went to the Cathedrall and found the occasion to bee an assembly or meeting of the cleargy of that Diocess whoe being come into the quire, a preist went to the deske in the middle and begann thus, Singing– Sequentia Sti Luci. (cap. x) Post hæc autem designauit dominus et alios septuaginta, misit illos binos ante faciem suā in omnē ciuitatem quo erat ipse venturus. Et Dicebat illis Messis quidem multa, sed operarij pauci, rogate ergo dominum messis, vt emittat operarios ni messē suam. &t vnto the end of the 12 verse. Then thay sang something going procession abowt the church and so entred the quire and there sang the letany, wch donn prayers being ended thay all went (as thay were in their surplusses) into the Archeueschè or the cōmissaries courte, ioyning to the church, I followed them, where first Monsieur [  ] a Sorbon Doctor (as a preist that stood by me told me he was) the Official made an oration, naming no text, but 46 begann wth that orf our Sauior—St Marke. XI. et Isay 56. Ier. 7. Domus mea domus orationis vocabitur omnibus gentibꝯgentibus, vos autē fecisti eam speluncam latronū. his speech (so farr as I cold understand) tended hto this that theire liues shold not be a scandall to the people, &t. he was not owt, but stammered exceedingly—and repeating one word uery often in euery sentence. So that the preists that stood beside mee laughed hartely, and I cold hardly abstaine. his speech being ended, the Clarke was bidd to reade the articles or impositions frō the Archbishop. at wch all the preists rownd abowt mee groombled excceedingly, saying—c'est a vous c'est a vous—this is long of you this is long of you, speaking of the official, and when the tax was read. Itē for euery mass—so much. for euery burial—so much. for euery mariage—so much. &t thay cryed owt—enuoy vn sargant au vu holbert. send some inferior officer, a sargant or holberdeere to do the office if you will. and such like words: but the officiall \\\ spake resolutely to thē and told thē he wold make thē pay so much owt of euery office according as it was there inioyned. I

I went to heare the Oration at the time apoynted. wWch was performed in eloquent good latine, but wth too much affected and Theatricall action (but it is the fashion so to doe, and it may bee it wold notplease those auditors if not so acted). heHe speakeng of the seuerall heresies, wch had binn beaten downe together wth theire Authors, but by the pens of the learned Fathers and Roman Catholiques, Comming vp to Moderne times, saide— Quis Lutherū in Germania? Caluinum In GNostra hac Gallia? Henricū Octauum in Anglia suppres sisset si &t. Wee were placed next to the Officers and Doctors neere vnto the Orator, whose Prompter stood behinde a hangging next vnto vs, but did not much use his office. The Oration was abowt an houre long. I setting next to one of the Jesuits Gersons translat: of Thomas A Kempis commented tooke owt of my pocket Thomas a Kempis in the French translation, wch goeth vnder the name of Gerson de l'imitation de Jesus Christ. printed at Paris 1641. heHe commended the translation to mee very much, saying it was the best french of any other, I asked why Gersons name was put to it, he answered onely for a fauor or Complement to him, he being the President of the Jesuits, and at Paris, where the booke was printed. andAnd then laughing he saide God forbid but that Thomas a Kempis shold haue the honor due to so diuine a worke as that Imitation of Christwas. Christ was. In our discourse both he and I mingled latin and french together, (as indeed they doe very much allwaies, euen in publique exercises) and at he allsoe very often terming mee MomMon Pere MomMon Pere, and I him Monsieur Monsr, vnwittingly, which made vs both laugh, and him allmost Gersons translation of Thomas a Kempis not true. angry. That Translation of Gersons agreeth not wth the latine, for the matter of it, it being traduced to the sence of the Papists in many places, One or 2 for instance. lib. 1. cap. 1. sect 3. non verba sed virtuosa vita efficit Deo charū, he translateth thus, ne sont pas les paroles qui rendent l'homme sainct et iuste, mais ce sont les vertus et les merites qui le rendent agreable a Dieu. so crowding in the word merites. And so likewise. l. 1. ca. xv sec. 3. Sine charitate, opus externū nihil prodest quicquid autem ex charitate agitur quantum cun etiam paruū sit et despectum, totum efficitur, fructruosū, He translateth it thus thusthus 51 Louure exterieure n'est point meritoire sans charité, mais tout ce qui est fait par charité, quel petit ou mesprisable qu'il fait tout cela deuient meritoire. so making the word profitable, and \\\ fruitefull to be all one with meritorious,:: which no reasonable man cann thinke is iustly translated. Againe. L.IV cap. v. sec. 1. soli sacerdotes ritè ni Ecclessia ordinati, potestatē habent celebrandi,:: that translation addeth the word Mass: Car les PrestesPrêtres seuls, en vertu de l'ordre que l'Eglise leur donne, ont la puissance de celebrer la Messe. & These amongst many others are sufficient to iudge it not faithfully translated, or elce that the Latine translation Per Heribertū Ros– souetatis Jesu, printed at Lions 1643. is not perfect.

On the thirsday the 23 of Nouem wee Chamber at the Oake. remooued our lodging (being vnciuily vsed at our pention and tooke two chābers godies au chesne percè (or the perced Oake) for wch wee payd two pistolls for a month, hauing 4 beds, and thay to find bed and table linnen, and dress what meatte soeuer wee had brought in. Thay being allso to buy euery thing for vs. Our Hosts name was Monsr Bourguignon (A good honest Patisier or cooke) His signe was an Oake boared, a mayd at one side and a man at the other, drawing wine owt of the Oake: Our hoast told mee the signification or his conceite was, that all wine was drawne owt of the Oake the Tunneau, poinson, quart. Tunni Hogsheds and barrells being made of Oake. The Last of Nouember being St Andrews day I went to the Couent of Benedictines founded by St Sulplicius, where in the Choire of the Chappell is the pictures and names of the founders of ye seuerall Religious Orders, behinde at the bak of euery seate one. I tooke the superscriptions of them thus. At the right hand as you enter. first the picture of Christe naked with the appearance of his stripes and wonds, vnder him written thus 53 Attendite et videte si est dolor sicut Dolor meus.

1 Elias Thesbites vitæ solitariæ primus institutor translatus est Ano Mundi 4532. his habit a purple mantle. bearefooted 2. S.tus Anthonius cænobitarū Author. obijt Anno Dri. 358. habit gray ouer white. 3. Stus Hieronimus Eremitarū et Monachorū sui nominis Author. Ob. 420. A redd mantle, naked. 4. Stus Benedictus Monachorū Patriarcha et Occidentalis Ecclesiæ decus. Ob. Ano 543. habit, blak. 5. Stus Romualdus Anachoritarū sacri Eremi Camaldulensis Author. Ob. Ano. 1027. habit, blak. 6. Stus Stephanus Aruernensis ordinis Grandimontensis Author. Ob. Ano 1076. In gray. 7. Stus Brumo Carthusianarū institutor ac solitudinis amator. Ob. 1101. in white habit. 89. Beatus Raymondus Ordinis Militū Calatraucæ institutor. Obijt. 1157. His habit, a surplus wth a red cross abowt his neck, he hauing a sword in the right hand and a booke (bible) in the other. 10. Stus Quirianus Cruciferorum author,:: ordo restauratur. 1215. In gray barefooted. 11. Stus Dominius Ordinis fratrū predicatorum patriarcha. Ob. Ano. 1223. Black ouer white. 12. Beatus Eusebius Eremitarum Sti Pauli primir Eremitæ author. Ordo erigitur. 1263. In gray. 8 Stus Bernardus Carauallis author, st Cistertti restaurator Ob. 1153. white. 13. Beatus Philippus Thorsutinus Ordinis seruorum virginis Author. Ano. 1285. In white. 14. Stus Bernardus Ptlomeus fundator Monachorum Montis Oleueti. Ob. 1320. 15. Stus Franciscus de Paula Ordinis Minorum institutor. Ob. 1507. In Gray. 16. Stus Joannes cognomento Dei Ordinis fratrū curautiū infirmos auhtor. Ano. 1570. In gray. The last seate is an Angel holding a booke in his hand written vpon. Vita Centemplatiua.

On the leafte hand first the Picture of our the Virgin Mary subscribed, thus. Ne vocetis me Naemi sed vocate me Marah Ruth. cap. 1.

1. Stus Johannes Baptista Anchoretarū Princeps duollatur. Ano. Dni 20. In a beasts skinn. 2. Stus Basilius Orientalium monachorū splendor, Ob ut. Ano. 178. white ouer gray. 3. Stus Augustinus Eremitarū Canonicoru regul: sui nominis Author. Obijt. Ano. 450. In a coaps & susphi 4. Stus Oldo. Monachorū nigrogrū Ordinis Cluniacensis propogator Ob. Ano. 443. In blacke. 5. Stus Joannes Gualbertus Ordinis vallis vmbrosæ. institutor. Ob. Ano. 1073 Gray. 6. Stus Robertus fundator Ordinis Institutor Monasteii et Ordinis cistercensis. Ob. 1098. Black ouer white. 7. Stus Norbertus fudator ordinis præmonstratentiū Ob 1134. a scarlet coape. 54 8. Stus Guillelmus Ordinis montis virginis institutor loricatus. ob. 1166. A headpeece. 9. Beatus Guido Mediolanensis ordinis humiliatorū insitutor. Ob. 1160. In white. 10. Stus Albertus Hieresolomitanus ordinis Carme litarū legislator. Ob. Ano. 1181. white ouer gray. 11. Stus Franciscus Seraphicus Ordinis fratrū minorū institutor. Ob. Ano. 1227. grey. 12. Stus Johannes Columbinus Ordinis Jesuatorum author: Ordo Erigitur. 1366. In Black. 13. Stus Ignatius de Loiola fundator societatis Jesus Ob. Ano. 1556. A coape and a surplice. 14. Stus Philippus Nereius congregacōnis Oratorii Institutor. Ob. 1595. In a black roabe. 15. Stus Petrus Cælestinus Monachorā Cælestinoram. fundator. Ob. 1296. black on white. 16. Stus Johannes de Mathe Gallus Ordinis sancttrinit: redempt captur. Patriarcha. Obijt 1230. all white. The last seate is an Angell holding a booke written on.—Vita Actiua.

Whilst I was writing of these names the Prior came to mee, and vsing of vs very courteously, shewing vs the library (which is a poote on) and Orchards, and Reliques, which are, in greate Siluer chests, The bones of St Sulplice: of St Gregorie, Of St Benidictus, Some of the cross of our sauior,:: he kneeled at the opening and shutting of ye prer

Ouer the chaire in the greate schols thus

[Shield with three Fleurs de Lys]

( () Egnante Ludouico Justo HE Bourbonio Con Deo pronge Biturigū A est successio Antecessorū qui in ACADEMia Bituricensi El Docendo et scribendo CLHKVF non vti quis Eorū fato functus est QVO DIGNitas Rumisch olæ Omnibus adeuntile PERSPECcta sit Ano Domini 1624. The raine and time hath woren owt the words

[Shield with three Fleurs de Lys and a line]

In breife the argument and Achion was this. Iosaphatus the sonn of Abenner king of India was conuerted to Christianity by Berlaamus a monch, who came to him in the habit and furni ture of a Merchant that sold jewells who in his discource told him that he wold giue him one pretious Iewell for nothing wch was worth all the rest, and that was Eternity in heauen, and so brought in his discource of One god, of Christ &t. Araches the Gouernour of the prince Josaphatus, wn he found owt that his puple was touched with the change of his Religion, vsed all the arguments he cold to diuert him, and when arguments wold not preuaile he vsed policy, by procuring a Magician to put the young prince into a hideous dreame wn he slept, wch thretned fearfull tortures to him if he turned; wn this wold not doe, He caused Nacor the Magition to counterfet him selfe to be Barlaamus turned from Chris tianity, and so by arguments to reason with Josephatus: But all this not 59 not preuailing, Araches thought it good to disclose the business vnto Abenner the king: whoe for a while was inraged wth Araches the pat but after he had heard the story as in truth it was he was appeased, and to the reclaiming of his sonn the young prince, he first went mildly to worke by persuations, and set 3 young gentlemen to bee playfellowes wth him, changing them in theire sports to try wt thay cold doe vpon him to keepe him frō turning Christian, but Iosephatus not onely was constant him selfe, but by his arguments turned Barrachias one of his play fellowes to be of his side. Which wn the king saw he vsed threatnings and punishment, But doe wt the Father or Gouernour cold the Prince turned not onely Christian but also an Anchorite monke, steling away frō his father, and liued all the rest of his dayes (vntill he was very aged) in the Desert or Wildderness. The meanes (by sides his arguments) which Barlaamus vsed to turne the Prince, was by bringing 2 poore beggers to him, the one Old and blinde, the other very sick young but ready to dye through extreame sickness these begged an almes of the prince [  ]in the pittifull names, Of Olde age, and sickness, and death, and heauen, and the like. And these wch two beggers andwith and the representation of the dreame made vp the Interludes.

In diuerse chappels, as that de Sales Bishop of Geneua, Miracles. One at Bourges and another at Orleans 2 Nunneries. La vierge De Miracles in S Pauls at Orleans. At Le Chapel de la Vierge de Miracles in St Pauls Church: at the Carmes and recolites at Orleans, and many other places: hangeth vp in virgins wax, the figures of many ha hands, leggs, heads, armes, mens priuities (at the Carmes in Orleans) whole bodies, cruches, and the like, as memorials dedicated by them whoe by the intercession of that St (amongst wch Sales of Geneua is a cheife) hauing prayed before that altar, haue bin healed frō som infirmity. theThe blind, lame &t.

[Fig: Illustration of various body parts (hands, legs, mens genitalia) hanging on a beam.]

I confe wondred much to see mens priuitise there, but being put vp in the chur church, I thought I migthmight put them figured here in this page, wch otherwise modestie wold haue forbid. All strangers halting women. at the first wonder to see the women of Orl: waddle and halt in the streete, some impute it to ye wine of ye place. 70 figured is the Virgin Mary holding the deade body of Christ in her lapp: and on her right hand Charles VII, On the left the Pucell praying, both of thē in armour: shee with her sword by her side, and her hare hanging behinde.

[Sketchings of three coins. 1) A horseman riding over a bridge with the legend "CEPTIS INSISTIT AVITIS" and "1620" in the exergue. 2) Mary holding the body of Christ under the cross with Charles VII and Joan of Arc praying on either side. The legend reads "A DOMINO FACTVM ESY ISTVD." 3) A coat of arms and laurel wreath with the legend "POVR LA MAISON COMMVNE DORLEANS" and "1605" in the exergue.]

The Jettons or Counters wch the City vse are as here represented: The figure of that wch is on the bridge on one side with this Motto. A domino factvm est istvd and on the reuerse is the City armes writ about thus. povr la maison commvne d' Orleans. Her sword with which shee beate the English is kept and shewed amongst the reliques at St Denis. On another Iettoone or counter shee is on horse back on the bridge with this motto Iceptis insistit avitis: Ther Jettons or counters for Bourges are 3 sheepe in a conte a scutchion, the vpholders, a sheapherd at one side and a sheapherdess on the other with theire [  ] or crooks in theire hands: written p. 13.abowt Svmma imperii apvd bitvriges The first part of the bridge being Arches reacheth to an Iland some 3 stones cast long and about [ ] paces broade owt the east part of wch is rowes of old Elme trees, and the west part howses wth a smale chappell, and a street iust euen wth the bridge, wch beginneth againe on the other side of the Iland, and hath [  ] Arches, and then commeth in to a good large subhurbe, wherein are 2 couents, of Augustines, another of Capuchiions, the Cauchi whose garden is very pleasant.

II. NOTICE OF A HUMAN HAND AND FOREARM, PIERCED WITH NAIL HOLES, AND A BASKET-HILTED SWORD, FORMERLY PRESERVED IN THE FAMILY OF GRAHAM OF WOODHALL, Yorkshire, AS RELICS OF JAMES, FIRST MARQUIS OF MONTROSE. By J. W. MORKILL, M.A., AUSTHORPE, NEAR LEEDS.

In the middle of last century there lived at Woodhall, in the parish of Hemingbrough, in Yorkshire, a Jacobite gentleman, John Graham, Esq.,[1]See an account of the Grahams of Woodhall in History of the Parish of Hemingborough in the County of York, by Thomas Burton, Esq., edited and enlarged by James Raine, M.A., D.C.L., and published in 1888 by Sampson Brothers of York, pp. 206-8. The relics are here mentioned, but the editor was evidently unaware of the existence of the Montrose arms upon the blade of the sword. It was not, indeed, until some six months after the latter came into my possession that I discovered the arms, by scraping away a thick coating of a greasy substance which completely hid them.—J. W. M. who treasured as the most precious heirlooms of his house a withered arm, asserted to have been taken from the body of the famous Marquis of Montrose, who was executed at Edinburgh in 1650, and a sword said to have belonged to the same nobleman. At his death in 1773 these relics passed to his only daughter and heiress, Miss Maria Elizabeth Graham, who, dying unmarried in 1801, left them, together with the bulk of her property, including her estate of Woodhall, to one John Reeves, son of Charles Reeves, her steward. John Reeves died in middle life, in 1811, having made his brother Charles his heir. In 1834 the latter sold Woodhall to Robert Menzies, Esq., but kept the arm and sword, and these, with other relics of the Graham family, afterwards came into the hands of his daughter, Mrs Elizabeth Davies, of Ellerfleld House, Sherburn-in-Elmet, in this county, from whom I purchased them in July 1891, and from whom, in 1894, I also purchased the portraits of Mr, Mrs, and Miss Graham of Woodhall, painted by Philip Mercier.

A statement in the handwriting of Mr Graham, which accompanies 66PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1896. the relics, explains how he became possessed of them. One corner of this document is unfortunately missing, but the remaining portion reads as follows:— "The Noble Marquis before he suffered . . . which he wrote the famous epitaph . . . Major Thomas Graham it was kept . . . I had a present made of the arm by . . . had purchased it amongst other Cu . . . to Mr Throsby when my worthy kins . . . made me a present of it that the . . . together. Woodhall."

The Mr Throsby mentioned above was Ralph Thoresby, F.R.S., the Leeds Antiquary, in the catalogue of whose museum, printed in 1712, occurs the following entry:— "But the most noted of all the Humane Curiosities is the Hand and Arm cut off at the Elbow, positively asserted to be that of the celebrated Marquis of Montrose, whose Quarters were disposed of to several cities of Scotland, whence this was brought. It hath never been interred, has a severe wound in the wrist, and seems really to have been the very hand that wrote the famous Epitaph (Great, Good, and Just) for K. Charles I, in whose cause he suffered. Dr Pickering would not part with it till the Descent into Spain; when, dreading it should be lost in his absence, he presented it to this Repository, where it has more than once had the same Honour that is paid to the greatest ecclesiastical Prince in the world."[1]See Ducatus Leodiensis, by Ralph Thoresby, F.R.S., p. 431.

The arm in my possession is identified with the one described above not only by the deep gash in the wrist,[2] When taken, Montrose was "sorely wounded,"—Memoirs of Montrose, by Mark Napier (1856), vol. ii. p. 770. but also by a label attached to it, upon which is written the following in Thoresby's own hand—, "Marquis of Montrose's hand, p. 431."[3] The page referred to in note 1 above. The writing on this label is identified as Thoresby's by Canon Raine of York, and by others well acquainted with it. Moreover, it may be inferred from Thoresby's PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1896.67 words that the arm deposited with him was a right arm, in the absence of evidence that the Marquis wrote with his left hand.

The limb (figs. 1 and 2) is in a mummified condition, and has evidently never been interred: a hole through the centre of the hand, and a second one through the fleshy part of the arm near the elbow, suggest that it has been fastened by two nails. Two joints of the forefinger which are missing, were stolen by a person to whom it was exhibited some years ago.

It appears from Whitaker's edition[1]See p. 3 of the Catalogue of the Museum, which follows the Ducatus. See also Ralph Moresby, the Topographer, his Town and Times, by D. H. Atkinson, published in 1887, p. 435. of Thoresby's Ducatus Leodiensis, published in 1816, that at the sale of the latter's collection of curiosities in 1725 the arm of Montrose was purchased, inter edict, by John Burton M.D.,[2] John Burton married Mary Henson, the heiress of Woodhall, who, to relieve her husband's pecuniary difficulties, sold it in 1747-8 to John Graham. See History of Hemingborough, pp, 205-6. the antiquary, a vehement Jacobite, and an intimate friend of Mr John Graham. He, then, it was who presented it to the latter.

I also received from Mrs Davies a second account of the relics, of later date than Mr Graham's, but evidently made while his was intact. It is in great part a copy of the older one, and was probably written by Mr Reeves. The sword is there stated to have been presented in the first instance by the Marquis of Montrose to a certain Major Thomas Graham,[3] Perhaps that Thomas Graham of Potento who carried the standard at the public funeral of Montrose. See Memoirs of Montrose, vol. ii. p. 831. who in turn gave it to Mr Graham of Woodhall; and further, to be the very one with which the Marquis wrote on Leith sands his well-known lament[4] "Great, Good, and Just, could I but rate My grief with thy too rigid fate, I'd weep the world in such a strain As it would deluge once again: But since thy loud tongued blood demands supplies More from Briareus' hands than Argus' eyes, I'll sing thine obsequies with trumpet sounds, And write thine epitaph in blood and wounds." —Memoirs of Montrose, ii. 693. on Charles I. This last circumstance, to which Mr RELICS OF THE FIRST MARQUIS OF MONTROSE. 69 Graham's account clearly refers, was evidently a tradition attaching to the sword in his time, but it is not confirmed by the biographers of Montrose. The sense of Mr Graham's mutilated story now becomes apparent. He first mentions the gift of the sword to Major Graham; secondly, the purchase and presentation to himself of the arm by Dr Burton; and thirdly, the kindness of his kinsman, the above Major Graham, or more probably his descendant, in giving him the sword, "that the (two relics might be kept) together."

The sword (fig. 3) bears its own marks of authenticity; for on either side of the blade, immediately below the hilt, the quartered coat of Montrose (three escallop shells on a chief quartering three roses, two and one), with the date 1570, is damascened in gold. The blade is double- edged, with a double groove running down the centre; it is encased in a leathern scabbard, which has been richly embossed. In the hollow of either groove, on both sides of the blade, is engraved the maker's name, "Hermann Keisserr."[1] In Drummond's Scottish Weapons, plate ix., is an illustration of a sword very nearly resembling Montrose's, the maker of which is given as Hermann Reisser. Although possibly quite another person, the similarity of name suggests an error for Keisser. The letter K on my sword is so distinct as to preclude the possibility of mistake.—J. W. M. The hilt is of basket form, and appears to be of unusually small size. On the front of it are roughly scratched two letters, an "I" and either an "S" or a badly made "G". If the latter, they would be the Marquis's own initials; or if the former, they might stand for Jesus Salvator. According to the date 1570, the blade of the sword, if not the hilt, must have been made for an ancestor of the Marquis. From the date, then, of the descent[2] Probably some expedition in the war of the Spanish Succession, about the year 1704 or a little later. into Spain, when it was deposited in Thoresby's museum by a person named Pickering, the history of the arm is sufficiently clear; but the scant and rather contradictory accounts of the disposal of the Marquis's limbs renders its previous fate less easy to trace.

The order of the Scottish Parliament[3] Memoirs of Montrose, ii. p. 778. under which Montrose suffered, directed his head to be fixed at the prison-house of Edinburgh, and his legs and arms to be fixed at the ports of the towns of Stirling, Glasgow, 70PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1896. Perth, and Aberdeen. We have the testimony of an eye-witness; the Rev. James Fraser,[1] Fraser writes, "I saw his (Montrose's) arm upon the Justice-port of Aberdeen, another upon the South-port of Dundee," ibid., ii. 809. The editors of Deeds of Montrose (pp. 534-5) point out that Dundee had no South Gate, since the river forms its southern boundary, and that Fraser's statement is therefore wrong. But as the editor of Montrose Redivivus also names Dundee in this connection, it would seem probable that Fraser is mistaken only as to the particular gate of Dundee, not as to the town itself. —J. W. M. that the arms were in fact sent to Dundee and Aberdeen; and as regards the latter place, his statement is confirmed by the evidence of a second eye-witness, Sir Edward Walker.[2] In 1650 Sir Edward was lodged in Aberdeen at a house opposite to the Tolbooth on which he "saw affixed one of the hands of the most incomparable Montrose." See Deeds of Montrose, by Murdoch and Simpson (1893), p. 534. The editor[3] A translation of part 1 of Dr Wishart's Commentary on the Wars of Montrose, together with the Continuation of his Historic, and a Relation of his Death, &c., was published in London in 1652, under the title Montrose Redivivus. Napier gives reasons for supposing the author to have been Thomas Saintserf, a fast friend and admirer of Montrose. See Memoirs of Montrose, ii. 837 and i. 912. But see also Deeds of Montrose, Critical Introduction, pp. xlv-vi. of Montrose Redivivus, a work published in 1652—that is, within two years of the Marquis's execution—substitutes Dundee for Perth, and adds, "but all of them (the limbs) were taken down afterwards by the English, or their permission,"[4] Montrose Redivivus, p. 186. which latter statement, as will be presently areis confirmed as regards one of the limbs by the records of the city of Aberdeen.[5] See note 5, p. 71.

The first Parliament held in Scotland after the Restoration decreed honourable burial to the dismembered body of Montrose, and accordingly a public funeral took place at Edinburgh on May the 11th, 1661. For a contemporary account of the collection and interment of the Marquis's remains on this occasion we are indebted to the reports of a popular daily newspaper, the Mercurius Caledonius, of which the editor was the same Thomas Saintserf who has been mentioned as the probable author of Montrose Redivivus, and as a friend and admirer of Montrose.[6] See note 3, above. Under date Friday, January the 4th, 1661, this journal[7]Memoirs of Montrose, ii. 826-9. quotes RELICS OF THE FIRST MARQUIS OF MONTROSE. 71 the resolution of Parliament "that his (Montrose's) body, head, and other his divided and scattered members may be gathered together and interred with all honour imaginable." On January the 7th details are given of the removal of the trunk from the Burgh Moor[1] The Burgh Moor, now known as the Meadows, on the south side of the city of Edinburgh, was in Montrose's time the place of execution for the worst criminals, and there, at the foot of his gibbet, the Marquis's trunk was buried. Memoirs of Montrose, ii. 812-13. and of the head from the Tolbooth at Edinburgh, and on March the 1st is announced the disinterment of a "member" (an arm, according to Sir Edward Walker) at Aberdeen,[2] The "member" had some time previously been removed from the walls of the Tolbooth at Aberdeen, and been buried in Lord Huntly's vault in the church, whence it was now taken in order to be sent to the body at Edinburgh. Deeds of Montrose, p. 535. If Sir Edward Walker be right, the arm in my possession must have been the one impaled at Dundee.—J. W. M. but no record appears of the recovery of the remaining limbs, of which, indeed, the ultimate fate is unknown to history. It is true that, in his account[3] Entitled The true funeral of Montrose. See Memoirs of Montrose, ii. 830-7. of the interment of the remains in St Giles's Cathedral on May 11th, Saintserf declares, "all that belonged to the body of this great hero was carefully re-collected, only the heart,"[4] Ibid., 814 and 819-25. but no evidence corroborative of this statement has been found. The municipal records of only one of the four towns to which limbs were allocated contain reference to their restoration,—those, namely, of Aberdeen,[5] A minute of the Council of Aberdeen, under date the 25th Feb. 1661, reads as follows "The said day, the Counsell haveing informatione, &c., that it was the desyr of ane noble and potent Earle, James, Marques of Montrose, that that dismemberit part of the bodie of the lait murtherit Marques of Montrose, his father, suld be soucht out of the place of the Church of this Burghe, wher the samen was interrit efter it wes taken doune from of the pinnacle was put up by the enimies of the said Marques, and that the samen be taken up and preservit, till order suld come for transporting the semen to the bodie," &c. (Council Register, vol. liv. 248-9.) Deeds of Montrose, p. 535.—a fact, however, which perhaps merely points to the probability of the others having fallen into private hands. But even in the latter case we should equally have expected to find some notice of their recovery in the pages of the Mercurius Caledonius. 72PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1896. The story of the removal of the limbs by the English some ten years previously is, as already shown, in one instance fully confirmed, and there is no reason to question its accuracy in other cases. That being so, the theory that one of them was carried across the border is not improbable.

On the other hand, if any of the genuine limbs had been wanting, their place could have been easily supplied, and in that way the full complement of bones might have been actually buried.[1] Dr Cameron Lees, the Minister of the High Kirk (St Giles's Cathedral) at Edinburgh, in 1891 informed me that some few years previously a careful search was made in the crypt beneath the Chepman Aisle, where the Marquis's remains are supposed to have been buried, but that no trace of them could be found. —J. W. M.

It will be remembered that Thoresby received the arm from a person whom he calls Dr Pickering, seeming, by the omission of any further description, to imply that he was a person well known in the neighbourhood.

A Cromwellian officer, one Captain Pickering,[2] For notices of Captain Pickering see History of Morley, by William Smith, pp. 137, 146; also Walks in Yorkshire (Wakefield and neighbourhood), by W. S. Banks, pp. 530, 531 (note); also The Northowram Register (Heywood and Dickenson), edited by J. Horsfall Turner, p. 95. His will, dated 14th September 1698 (pr. at York), describes him as "John Pickering of Tingley in West Ardsley alias Woodkirk, in the county of York, gentleman." In it are named his three married daughters, Mrs Lister, Mrs Elston (wife of Thomas Elston of West Ardsley, minister of the Gospel), and Mrs Sykes (wife of Sykes of Leeds, merchant). The seal attached displays the arms of Pickering:—a lion rampant (Thoresby's Ducatus Leodiensis, p. 211) impaling a coat of which only a bend can now be deciphered. The burial of "Dom. Johanes Pickeringe" is registered at Woodkirk on 22nd April 1699. who is said to have stood high in the esteem of his chief, was in 1653 living at Topcliffe Hall, in the parish of Woodkirk, some four and a half miles from Leeds. He lived later at Tingley Hall, in the same parish, where he died in April 1699. Now, an English Roundhead officer named Pickering is known to have been on friendly terms with the officers in local commands in Scotland,[3] Several of the Scotch officers owed Pickering money, a circumstance likely to have facilitated his obtaining a relic of the Marquis, had he wished to possess one. Deeds of Montrose, p. 536, note 25. and to assume his identity with the Pickering of Topcliffe—a not unreasonable conclusion, seeing the name is uncommon, RELICS OF THE FIRST MARQUIS OF MONTROSE. 73 and a Yorkshire one—is to suggest a very possible explanation of the presence of the arm in the neighbourhood of Leeds. I have not succeeded in identifying Dr Pickering, nor, indeed, in determining the qualification which entitled him to be styled Doctor.

While on a visit to Edinburgh in the autumn of 1891, I submitted the arm to the opinion of the eminent anatomist, Sir William Turner, who was good enough to write the following report upon it:—

University of Edinburgh, New Buildings, 26th December 1891.

The right hand and forearm in the possession of J. W. Morkill, Esq., are dried and mummified. They bear evidence of having at one time been impaled. In the palm of the hand is a hole such as would be made by driving a nail through it, and on the inner side of the forearm is an appearance which could have been produced by pinching up the skin when soft and flexible and driving a nail through it.

The hand is small and well proportioned,[1] Montrose is described by Saintserf as "of a middle stature, and most exquisitely proportioned limbs." Memoirs of Montrose, i. 92. The stockings which he wore at his execution, and which are now in the possession of Lord Napier, indicate a small foot. ibid., ii. 811. and obviously not that of a big man, or of one accustomed to manual labour.

There is nothing in the appearance of the hand irreconcilable with the view that it may be the hand of the Marquis of Montrose.

WILLIAM TURNER, Professor of Anatomy.

I append also a letter on the subject of the relics from Lord Napier and Ettrick to Canon Murdoch, the joint editor of Deeds of Montrose, written upon the occasion of my having offered to deposit them in the Montrose Chapel in St Giles's Cathedral at Edinburgh:—

Thirlestane, Selkirk, December 14th, 1891. My dear Sir,

—The fact that an arm or hand of Montrose was preserved somewhere was familiar to me, but I cannot at this moment recall the source of my information, private or public. I will endeavour to trace it. Meanwhile, I hasten to thank you, and return the paper, which is extremely interesting.

There is nothing whatever improbable in the preservation of these relics, and their authenticity seems to be very fairly established by the evidence adduced. Should the relics be presented to the Church of St Giles, I think they ought to 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1896. be deposited in a little chest under the pavement in front of the monument, with an inscription on the flag above. It is not decent to have morsels of a Christian man handed about as a curiosity above ground. Just so, the head of Darnley should be restored to Holyrood Chapel. It would indeed have been deeply gratifying to my dear cousin Mark if he could have lived to see the splendid monument to the memory of his hero, and the restoration of these remains to his tomb.

—Believe me, very truly yours, NAPIER AND ETTRICK.

SECT. XXII. Curiosities in Cambridgeshire. . . .

Trinity College] One of the noblest Foundations in either University founded by King Henry VIII. 1546, for 65 Fellows, and 91 Scholars.

It hath a very Magnificent Library, Built by Thomas Rotheram Bishop of York, Lord Chancellor of England; and by him and Cuthbert Tunstal Bishop of Durham, furnished with choice Books, and hath been since supplyed with the Libraries, of Archbishops, Parker, Grindal, and Bancroft. This Library is a stately Structure, and very Beautiful, the Stair-case Wainscoted with Cedar; (and there are Marble Steps) the enrichments whereof are so Natural that the leaves shake at every blow you give the Wainscot, and within is an Original picture of Bishop Hacket, and several fine manuscript Missals; and a great Collection of valuable Medals, Ancient and Modern, and other rareties.

The first Court is a Square, large and stately, for they tell you it is a Foot square larger, than Christ’s at Oxford; in this Court, stands the Chapel, the neatest and (except Kings) the greatest and noblest in the University; the Altar-piece is Beautiful adorned with Columns: and the portraicts of our Saviour, and the blessed Virgin; St. John Baptist, and his Mother Elizabeth. The Roof is curiously painted, in imitation of Carved work, in Relievo; the Area is black and white Marble, in a very pretty Figure; the Organ is a Finished piece, made by Mr. Bernard Smith, and cost 1500 l.