John Woodward, celebrated Professor of Medicine at Gresham College, generously offered this museum various specimens of rare fossils from his abundant collection of remains from the period of the Flood. We hope that one day he will give more.

Smart Lethiullier Esq., of Aldersbrook in Essex, in 1756, gave this Museum various species of animals which he had purchased from the Woodward collection. They are enclosed in sixteen cylindrical glass jars.

Rock-Crystal, half a Foot round one Way, and within half an Inch of it, the other. It was brought me from Milan by Dr. Jabes Cay, who observed therein the Modus Concrescendi in the Middle, different from that of the out-side. Sometimes there remains a small Drop in the Middle of a transparent Peble that will never take the solid Form. Of the Iris or lesser Crystals, here are several Sorts, as those called Downham Diamonds, from the Place in Craven where they are found. s S ome are very small, others larger and very great, an Inch and half round; from Dr. Hargrave of Coln. The like Sort of Diamonds from Harrowgate Spaws near Knaresborough: They are found at the Mole-hills (near the Sulphur-well) after Rain; as are also those at Downham. Brindle-stones from the County of Kerry in Ireland, transparent and large, near two Inches in Circumference one way, and above 2 ½ the other. Two others of a pale Amethistine Colour. Don. D. M. Marshal, Dublin. The Iris minima Cambrensis from the Isle of Anglesey. Don. R R. D D. Episc. Carl. The Bristol Diamonds, of different Degrees of Transparency, and Sizes, of which one very much resembles that engraved Lh. Tab. I. 15. Pseudo-Adamantes from Kings-Weston in Gloucestershire: Other three Samples very fine from the same Place. Don. D. Jo. Woodward M. D. Some of these are very transparent. A Rock of the like, but more opace, about a Foot in Circumference; but from whence I know not, it being given to my Father about 40 Years ago. Crystalized Spar very curious from the Iron-ores in Cumberland from the Benefactor last mentioned, from whom I received most of the Spars that follow.

The Moon-stone or Selenites Rhomboidalis of Dr. Plot (a)(a) Oxon, Tab. II. Fig. I.; it generally consists of ten Planes, four long, as many short, and the two Sides: Here are six different Sizes from less than half an Inch to two Inches, sent me by the Reverend Mr. Cav. Nevile, Fellow of University Col. Oxon. And one larger than any from the Bishop of Carlisle, which hath also two smaller Selenitæ immersed about half Way in the Body of the large one. A Selenites that seems like the half one, split the long Way, so hath but six Planes. Others not so regular. One of the longer Sort and thinner: Others from a Clay Pit at Richmond in Surry, from Shotover Hill near Oxford, from Northamptonshire, found in Digging a Well at Oundle, and from the Worksop Mines, all five from Dr. Woodward's noble Musæum.

The Florentine Marble naturally adorned with the Representation of Trees, which appear very fair, not only upon the polished Superficies, but (being casually broken) quite through the Body of it. Don. Jab. Cay M.D. Delineations of Shrubs upon Stones from Sherburn Com. Gloc. Don. Jo. Woodward M D. And of Trees very curious in dark Colours, upon a white Stone, from Don. H. Sloane M D.

Of the Nautelites, by the Ancients called Cornua Ammonis (for its resemblance of the curled Horns of the Ram, worshipped by the Name of Jupiter Ammon in the Deserts of Africa:) Here are various Sorts, of different Colours, Figures and Sizes, from less than half an Inch to half a Foot in Diameter; but all so curled up that the Tail of the Snake is in the Center of the Stone. The small Sort, whose Parts are protuberant and swelling to a Round; of these are both the Ash-coloured, and the brown (from my Lord Bp of Carl.) the Striæ of each Colour are single near the Center, but presently divide into two Lines, but terminate in a single Lineation. Of the same Form are a greater Sort that are six Inches in Circumference, and very fair. These of the Ash-coloured Stone, appear in Places to be adorned with a shining brazen Armature, as is more evident by an Arch, or Part of another of the same Kind. A Segment of a large one with single Striæ of an Iron-stone; it is 4 ½ Inches round. One that is more thinly striated, but the Lineations are larger and more prominent, like N° 10 in Dr. Plot's 5 Tab. Nat. Hist. Oxon. On the other Side is no Figure, being of Dr. Lister's 9th Sort (g)(g) De Lapid. turbin. p. 212, ex altera tantum parte ad umbilicum cavus. Of those that are depressed; here is one of five Wreaths, three Inches broad; and another near half a Yard in Circumference, which was the largest I could conveniently bring from Whitby; both these which are an Ash or blewish Stone are of the Cornua Ammonis pertusa, being perforated at the Center; they have also a Crest or sharp Ridge, like the Spina Dorsalis; on each Side of which is a Furrow or Channel. A Fragment of a small one with as many Wreaths. The Segment of a larger, being half a Foot round; my kind Benefactor, Dr. Woodward, received it from Whitton Com. Linc. as he did three Samples of the lesser Sort from Lansdown, near Bath. My Lord Bishop of Carlisle sent me, amongst others, the smallest I have seen, being but a Quarter of an Inch broad, yet fairly striated. A larger with six Wreaths. Mr. Sutherland of Edinburgh sent me a small compress'd one, found about ten Miles from the City. But here is another Species, considerably different from all the former, the middle Part being sunk in, or depress'd to a great Depth; the outmost Wreath is above two Inches broad, the Center on each Side is dip'd in, an Inch deep; it is near eight Inches in Circumfe ferencerence. A small one of the same Sort, but one Inch broad, and of a shining Colour. Here are also the Matrix or Beds they are lodged in, somewhat globular, and without any Impression on the convex Part, but finely striated within, after the Form of the Stone it self. The most remarkable of which was given me by Dr. Sawry of Yorke, who received it from Whitby; it is a Congeries of them in an oval Brass Lump (as commonly called) a Quarter of a Yard round, containing the gilded impressions of seven of them.

THEThe Cochlites of four Wreaths, part of the Shell remains upon the Clavicle of one of them. Don. Rog. Gale Arm. The Buccinites, the small striated one of Dr. Plot (h)(h) Nat. Hist. Ox. Tab. 4. 2.. A larger, plain; both from my Lord Bishop of Carlisle. All above are Stones, but here are also the Shells both of the Cochlea Kind, and the Buccina, fill'd with Pyrites, from a Clay-Pit at Richmond in Surry. Don Jo. Woodward M D. As also others from the great Sand-Pit at Woolwich in Kent. The smallest Turbinites from Northamptonshire, and three Turbinated Stones, with a plain Superficies curiously turned in the Form of a Spiral Cone, like a Scrue or Steel-worm for drawing Corks out: One of half an Inch long, hath five solid Wreaths. These were from the Portland Quarry. One of near three Inches taken out of a great Stone at Oswald-kirk Com. Ebor. Don. D. Fr. Place. But the largest of all the Buccinites (above three Inches round) was sent me with many rare Fossils, by my Lord Bishop of Carlisle. It is Dr. Lister's 14th (i)(i) De Lapid. Turb. p 216.. Some curious ones very small, from Scotland. Don. D. Jac. Sutherland.

The Bivalves. The Ostracites maximus rugosus & asper (k)(k) Idem, p. 236.; one of these is a Foot round, and weighs near ten Ounces, was sent me by Dr. Cay, whose Account of their Vertue in Nephritic Pains is inserted iu in the Phil. Trans. N° 230250. Samples of the lesser Sorts (Don. D. Jo. Woodward) from North Leach, Sherburn, and Barrington in Gloc. with one of the oblong, narrower, and smaller Sort from the same Quarry. A single Valve of the white Stone Ostracites, given me by Dr. Plot, and an entire one well formed of the blewish Colour. A mighty thin compress'd one, yet hath both Sides. A lesser Sort, striated, white and Ash-coloured: One of a yellow Colour, for they vary according to the Delf they are lodged in. A Sort of Tree-Oyster from Barrington Quarry. The Shell of one found on the plowed Lands near Ensum-ferry Com. Oxon. A smaller Sort with thick Striæ. Ostrea minima echinata from Northamptonshire. Don. R R. D D. Episc. Carl. (l)(l) Mr. Morton's Nat. Hist. Tab 3. Fig 4 & 5..

Gryphites from little more than one to four Inches, both of the blew, and white Stone, oblong, very thick, and wrinkled. Here are also of a darker brown, and deeper blew, or ash-colour: Besides the Places mentioned by Dr. Lister (p. 239.) they are found at Scarborough in Yorkshire, where they are called Miller's Thumbs. Of this Conca Rugosa, here are some of those found near Worcester, and Oxford; others from Sherburn Com. Gloc. Whitton and Horbling Com. Linc. and from Scarborough and Hull Com. Ebor. One of those sent me by the Bishop of Carlisle, being worn smooth on the convex Side, reminds me of what the Learned Dr. Woodward infers (m)(m) Dr. Woodward's Nat. Hist. of the Earth, pag. 254., That the Antedelu vian Sea, ebbed and flowed before the Deluge, and by the Access and Recess reduced the Gibbose to a flat, &c. In this Musæum are other Proofs of the Truth of that Inference. From that excellent Author I received also a Piece of the Shell of the Pinna Marina, which he had from the Chalk-Pits in Kent; and another from Crick Com. Northampt. I have also of it from the River Tees.

The said Benefactor obliged me with a Pecten from Sherburn in Gloc. Another from a Quarry near Oxford, as the Rev. Mr. Cave Nevile did with a large one from a Delf of a Stone at Heddington Com. Oxon. And with Parts of the real Shells of the lesser Escalops, from the same Quarry, some filled with, others adhering to Stone. And the Rev. Mr. Hardy sent me one of the deepest furrowed Pectenitæ from Horbling Com. Linc. Dr. Woodward sent me also two very curious Impressions of the Escallop Shells upon Stones, from Lansdown near Bath and Oxenden Com. Northampt. And one upon Flint from Hamptsted-Heath; with those of other Bivalves from Sherburn and Farmington, Com. Gloc. I have also a Pecten full of cristalized Spar, curiously striated, from Bathmell Com. Ebor. Another taken out of a Block of black Marble, by Mr. Carpenter of Yorke.

My Lord Bishop of Carlisle was pleased to send me also several Species of the very rare Pectunculites, as well of those curiously striated, as of the smoother, whose Shells are of the Chalk: Some of the striated have neat, thin Margins, others thicker approaching to the Terebratula. Pectunculi from Northamptonshire, Sherburn in Gloc. Bakewell in the Peake, and from Portland, and two very large, with a smooth Surface, like polished black Marble. Don. D. Jo. Woodward M D. Cochlea maxima, the real Shell of the larger Cockle, six Inches in Circumference, that Mr. Nevile gathered with other Fossil Shells, as well as Formed Stones, from Heddington Quarry Com. Oxon. Other Stone Bivalves; one of a dark Colour, with a wry Beak, and one Part of the Margin further extended than the other Part, which is round; found at Halton near Leedes: A larger, with this peculiar, that there is a Hollow betwixt the two Beaks. The Bucardites (so called from its Likeness to a Heart) from Oxford and Lincolnshire. Curvirostra, the small Sort striated, Lh. 716.

The Musculitæ from Humber, of a whitish Stone; one of the blewish very natural and regular, retaining the exact Form of the Muscle-shell, wherein it was originally moulded: Both these are of the larger Species, and were given me by my Lord Bishop of Carlisle. Of the lesser Sort of the Muites I have, by the Kindness of Dr. Woodward, from three different Places in Glocestershire, viz. Boulton of the Waters, Farmington and Stow. The compress'd Muscle.

The Concha anomia rarior vertice rostrato, both the smooth and lightly striated; one filled with Chalk, the other with Stone. Don. Roger Gale Arm. The Beak of one Shell extends beyond the other Valve. Others from the Chalk-Pits in Kent, of the larger and smaller Sort, from Dr. Woodward, and from Guilford in Surry, from Dr. Cay. A Bivalve upon the Ludus Helmontii. A Stone composed of two distinct Bodies, a blewish Ash Colour, and a yellowish Wax Colour, whence Dr. Grew calls it, the waxen Veine (p)(p) Mus. Reg. Soc. p. 311., from Mr. Gale. A different Ludus Helmontii, that Dr. Woodward received from Scarborough. The Otites or Auriculares. as called by Dr. Plot (q)(q) Nat. Hist. of Oxon. p. 130., from its resemblance to a humane Ear.

Of Shells amassed together into great Stones by a petrified Cement, and of the Places where they are found beyond Sea, see a learned and pious Author (r)(r) Ray's Trav. p. 117.. Of such as are found in England, most of these that follow were the Present of the Learned Dr. Woodward. A Mass of Stone with Shells in it, from King's-Weston Com. Gloc. Another different; a third from the Lady Guise's at Greatworth Com. Northampt. And another from Crick in the same County. One from Sir Ra. Dutton's Park at Sherburn. Another from Portland; and one most curious from Purfleet in Essex, wherein are great Variety of perfect Shells, of different Forms and Colours, very beautiful. Another with Fragments of Entrochi in it. And one (sent me by Tho. Sanders Esq; from Staffordshire, with many Cavities; in one of which is the resemblance of a Pair of winding Stairs. The Impressions also of Shells upon Clay, from Cumberland; upon Stone, from Dudley Com. Staff. and upon Coal (which I could never find but once) from the Pits near this Town, and one upon a Flint very curious.

HEREHere are various Sorts, as well of the naked Flint, as of the perfect Shell, different both in Figure, Colour, and Substance; some including Flint, others Chalk, or Stone, I shall begin with the first of Mr. Lhwyd's N° 910. Echinitæ laticlavii maximi fragmentum. The Echinus Ovarius very curious from Sittingburn in Kent, sent me (with eleven other Varieties) by D. Woodward, who hath a most noble Collection. A small one from Heddington Quarry near Oxford: These are curiously studded or embroidered as it were. Don. Rev. Cavend. Nevile M. A. The Echinites Galeatus, with the Shells very perfect: My Lord Bishop of Carlisle sent me four Sorts of the Echinites from the Chalk-Pits near Gravesend. A large one found 100 foot deep at Green-hith in Kent, full of Flint, from Dr. Woodward. Another full of Chalk, from Roger Gale Esq; with another of a lesser Size. A large Flint formed in one of this Sort, divested of the Shell. The Echinus Pileatus including Chalk; another from Northfleet in Kent, and a third from Purfleet in Essex. A lesser Sort from Nittlebed in Oxfordshire, and from a Chalk-Pit near Greenwich. Of these, by the vulgar call'd Cap-stones (from their Likeness to a Cap laced down the Sides (a)(a) Dr. Plot's Nat. Hist. Oxon. p. 92.. Here are several that are quite divested of their Shell; they are for the most Part of the common Ruble Stone, but one (given me by Dr. Plot) of a black Flint; all of them have five double Rows of Points that center at the Modiolus. Of the compress'd Kind, here is part of a large flat Echinus Spatagus, from the Fields near Burford Com. Oxon. Of the lesser Species from Heddington, and of the Stones or white Flint without Shells, but with five Rays, as Dr. Plot's (b)(b) Idem, Tab. II. 14.. The Echinites Cordatus very curious, from Gravesend. Another from a Chalk-Pit, near Croyden in Surry. Another with Flint adhering to it from North-fleet in Kent; a third from Hertfordshire, and one that was found 200 Foot deep, in sinking a Well in the same County. The Echinites Pentaphylloides, from Burford Com. Oxon. The Umbilicus not in the Center, but inclining to one Side (c)(c) Id. Tab. II. 9, 10. And Lhywd, N° 971.. The Radioli of the Echinites; they are ridged and channelled the whole Length of the Stone, and the Ridges purled with small Knots set in the Quincunx Order; they mostly consist of a bright shining Substance, not unlike the Selenites. Dr. Plot takes them for the Lapides Judaici (d)(d) Idem, p. 125.. By the Kindness of my Lord Bishop of Carlisle, and Dr. Woodward, I am furnished with Variety, as to Colour, white and dark; as to Form, round and compress'd; and as to Size, from near two Inches, to little more than half an Inch in Length; and from two Inches round to less than ½ Inch. Some have a Kind of Pedicle, or Knob at one End; others not only want that, but are quite divested of their Parts, having a smooth Superficies. The Aculei, or small Radiolus, from the Chalk-Pits of Kent, Essex and Surry; the larger from Oxfordshire, but the thickest of all were sent me by R. Gale Esq; and seem to be the largest Cucumerinus of Lhwyd.

The Belemnitæ are the last Classis in Mr. Lhwyd's Lithophylacii Britannici Ichnographia: Here are of different Sizes and Colours, from little more than ½ Inch to to to 4 ½ in Length. Dr. Plot's of that Dimension was but 1 ¼ round, but this is 2 ½; yet but a Fragment (nor was that of Dr. Lister's any other) (k)(k) De Lapid. pag. 226. of the Yorkeshire Belemnites maximus niger. An entire one of the same Dimensions from the Hedington Quary Com. Oxon; it is hollow for 1 ½ Inch at the Base; it enclines to a Yellow, and when vehemently rubb'd takes up a Straw like Amber, which the black one will not do, though as large. Don. D. Rog. Gale Arm. A lesser from Cricklade Hill Com. Gloc. radiated like a Star from a closer Center. Another from Croydon Chalk-Pits in Surrey. Don. D. Jo Woodward M. D. One that in three Inches Length is not much thicker than a Goose Quill; and another that in less than one Inch in Length is very near two in Circumference. The Medulla in one of the hollowed Belemnites consists of a white Sort of Selenites or Spar. The Generality of these Thunderbolts, as the Vulgar call them, are of a Conical Figure, from a thick Basis tapering to a Point: But amongst some sent me by my Lord Bishop of Carlisle, there is one Cylindrical, or equally thick from End to End; and another that is thickest in the Middle, and gradually slenderer to both Ends: The former of these hath the Rima or Chink, the whole Length, which the second hath only at the Basis; and another at the small Point, but the Generality want it. As to Colour, here are the black, whitish, ash-coloured, reddish, brown and Amber-coloured.

ASAs Gems are chiefly distinguished by their Colours, and Formed or Regular Stones by their Figures, so the Irregular by the different Degrees of Hardness. But as some Gems were premised in the preceding Paragraph, before the Crystals and Diamonds, with which Mr. Lhywd begins his Catalogue, so must others here before the Marbles: As an Amethist more deeply tinctured than the former. The Sardins or Cornelian, of which more amongst the Antiquities; as also of the Turcois (a blew Stone) which have been engraved, and used as Roman Signets. The Mocho Stones, half a Dozen of different Colours or Mixtures, polished and curiously marked; one with a Plant, the rest with Variety of Colours. The Agate (so called from the River Achates in Sicily, near which it was first found) some very light, clear, others, variegated with waved and figured Veins of different Colours, Yellow included in Blew, &c. To these Exoticks Dr. Woodward added two Specimens of English Agate, viz. from Gravesend in Kent, and Belford in Darbyshire, which looks well when polished. To the Onyx (before-mentioned) may be added a Peble of Kin to the Onyx; the Stone it self is semiperspicuous, round a Point in the Center is a Circle of white, which is surrounded by another of red, and so alternately five Rings.

Crystalline Pebles from the Durham Shore. Don. Jo. Woodward M D. Other transparent Pebles of very different Colours, white, yellow, brown, pale and deep Red: Others opace, remarkable only for their Form; some exactly Globular, others Oval, and another equally compress'd on the opposite Sides. One divided by a circular Zone, on one Side of which it is clear white, and upon the other yellow; and in the transparent there are Light and Dark like two distinct Bodies in the same Stone. In the Slate-delfs of this Parish are sometimes found globular Stones; one here (two Inches in Diameter) is surrounded with a Hoop of Iron-stone, of a quite different Colour and Consistence from that within. A black Ball from the Coal-mines: And a dark colour'd granulated Ball from Ireland.

A Lough Neagh Stone sent me from Ireland by the late Reverend Mr. Tho. Jackson. It is a Piece of Holly petrified, but whether by the Water of the Lough, or the Soil where it is found for about two Miles round it, is uncertain: See Phil. Trans. N° 158, and N° 174. A Fossil sent by the Name of Petrified Wood from Portland Quarry. Another from Crick Com. Northampt. And a third from an Encrustating Spring near Harrington in the same County, all presented to me by the Learned Dr. Woodward. Petrified Moss from the Dropping-well at Knaresborough in the West-Riding of the County of York, which a noted Physician says, is the most famous Petrifying Spring in the Kingdom (f)(f) Dr. Wittie's Scarb. pag. 54.. White Pumis-stone; there are also Ash-coloured and black, near Mount Vesuvius. Cinders from Mount Ætna, both of the Black and Red. Don. Tho. Sanders Arm. Other Sciarri, more Metallick. The like from Vesuvius, brought thence by my kind Friend Dr. Jabez Cay. This Sample hath more of the Pyrites in it. Sparkling Metallick Ashes from the same Volcano. A vitrified Substance almost in the Form of Garlick or Lilly-Root. In the Phil. Trans. N° 296, is an Account of the vitrified Cinders of a great Hay-rick burnt upon Salisbury Plain: Here is the like from Sir Edw. Blacket's at Newby in this County. Cinders from Almonbury, when old Cambodunum was burnt by the Pagans, of which see Bede and the new Britannia: It appears by these that the Flame was so vehement, that the Earth was melted rather than burnt.

Variety of Copper and Lead Ores from very distant Mines, and some of Tin with Mundick and Pyrites; most of them the Gift of the learned and ingenious Dr. Woodward, as a Copper Ore from Westmoreland; another (with Spar) from Cornwal; a third from Mr. Basset's Mine; a 4th (with Tin in it) from a different Mine of Mr. Basset's; a 5th from Sir. Will. Godolphin's, all in the said County; a 6th with Spar pretty rich in Tin. A Copper Ore from Devonshire; and another from Cheshire. One from the Mines near Richmond in Yorkeshire. Another very rich. Don. R. Gale Arm. One that I brought from Talentire in Cumberland. Another sent me by Ste. Tempest of Broughton, in Craven Esq;. But the greatest Curiosity relating to this Metal was sent me from Sweden by Mr. William Sykes Merchant, An 1688, when (and never else, as I am informed) several of them were found in the Copper Grove at Fallum: it is a most regular Octoedra, hath six angular Points, and consequently eight solid Triangles, or as many Pyramids joined in Base; the Figure of it may be seen in the Phil. Trans. N° 277. It is not unusual for Metals, as well as their Fluores or Spars, to strike into various and exact Mathematical Figures, wherein Nature seems to attempt what she hath brought to Perfection in this, which is the most curious, and in the Opinion of most competent Judges, beyond any Thing that hath been seen in its Kind. My Lord Bishop of Carlisle obliged me with a Specimen of Lead Ore and Sulphur pick'd up at the Out-bursts of their several Veins that have begun to shoot out in such regular Forms.

Iron Ore that I brought from Egremont in Cumberland, from whence it is transmitted to Ireland, where it is smelted. A Piece of an Iron Bolt found in a Stone Quarry, and now returned to Iron-Ore again; this being a Property that Iron hath, and no other Metal, as Dr. Lister observes in his Journey to Paris. Don. Ja. Cay M. D. A Ferruginous Body from beside Worcester; and another from a Clay-Pit at Richmond in Surrey. Don Jo. Woodward M D.

Antimony from Prussia. Mundick from Cornwal. A Marchasite very curiously variegated from Cole-Orton Coal-Pits in Leicestershire; all three from Dr. Woodward. A very fair and large Marchasite given me at Whitehaven in Cumberland, by the ingenious Will. Gilpin Esq;. An Orbicular Marchasite tuberated about the Bigness of a Hand-Ball. Another from the Chalk-Pits near Cherry-Hinton in Cambridgeshire. Don. R. Gale Arm. A granulated Marchasite growing on an Ash-coloured Stone pointed into Right Angles. The Tabulated Marchasite flat and plain, like a Table; these are found, naturally squared and polished, in the midst of Lime-stone Rocks in Craven, whence it was sent me by the Rev. Mr. Rob. Hesketh. The Cubick Marchasite, little more than a Quar ter of an Inch Square: It seems to attain the Perfection of its Figure in a Cube.

That great Naturalist Dr. Lister distinguisheth the Roman Urns (Phil. Col. N° 4.) into three different Sorts, viz. 1. Such as are of a blewish Clay Colour, having a great Quantity of coarse Sand wrought in with the Clay: 2. Others of the same Colour, having either a very fine Sand mix'd with it, full of Mica, or Cat-Silver, or else made of a Clay naturally sandy: 3. Red Urns of fine Clay, with little or no Sand. These, as another celebrated Author rightly observes, are all of a very handsome Make and Contrivance, and are one of the many Instances that are at this Day extant of the Art of that People, of the great Exactness of their Genius, and Happiness of their Fancy. (Dr. Woodward's Letter to Sir Chr. Wren annexed to the 8th Vol. Of Leland's Itinerary, pag. 13.) Of the first Sort, here are Fragments of the Theca Nummaria, found full of Coins near Fleet in Lincolnshire, An. 1701, of which see Phil. Trans. N° 279. Of the second are those of an Urn found at Yorke in Mr. Gyles's Garden in Micklegate (not Midselgate, as misprinted in the said Phil. Col.) Of the third Sort (viz. the Red) there seem to be two Degrees, if not distinct Sorts, a coarser, which yet are red quite through, and the finer sort, which are wash'd over with a Kind of Varnish of a bright Coral Colour, and for Distinction are called the Coralline Urns. To these mentioned by the Learned Doctor, may be added some that are clear white, of which I have Part of the Rim of a very large Vessel that I brought from Ribchester Com. Lane. 1702. A Piece of a Vessel containing three or four Gallons, found at Aldbrough 1707; and others of different Forms that I gathered at Burgdunum in this Neighbourhood, which seem to be made of that Sort of white Clay, since made Use of for Tobacco-pipes, of which we have some at Wortley in this Parish, of which see, pag. 196. Some of these of the white Clay are wash'd over with the blew Colour, as appears when they are broken, and some with a dark Colour; as are also some of the coarser Blew, with Red.

An entire Roman Lamp that I bought at London; another somewhat maimed, but of finer Workmanship, that was dug up at Yorke, upon the Bottom is FVGARI. VV. The Mouth of a Præfericulum, given me by Dr. Woodward. The Mouth of a large Vessel found at the Station last mentioned, which even in the thinnest Part (of which here is also a Specimen) is an Inch thick, but the Handles are half a Foot or seven Inches round; one of these, though of the coarsest Clay, hath had an Inscription, of which only the three last Letters OMS remain. The fine Coralline Urns are rarely without the Artificer's Name, in rais'd Letters impress'd with a Stamp at the Bottom of the Patera, or other Vessel used at their Sacrifices or solemn Festivals; for I think these, which are of very curious Workmanship, were rarely used as Sepulchral Urns. Upon a Fragment of one of these is the Lion catching at his Prey; upon another the Statue of Hercules, with the Lions Skin cast over his Left Arm. One inscribed, DOVIICCVS. Another QVINT. IM. These were from Yorke. Others of the like Materials from old Galatum, sent me by the Lord Bishop of Carlisle, (inscribed REGINVS.) from Chester, by Henry Prescot Esq; from Aldbrough and Ribchester, by the Rev. Mr. Morris, and Mr. Hargreaves; and some were found at Burgdunum in this Neigh bourhood. One found by Roger Gale Esq; in the Bank of Trent by Littleborow; and another with TRIO upon it, sent me by Sir Godfrey Copley; and lastly, one found in digging for the Foundation of the present Fabrick of St. Paul's at London, whereupon is a humane Statue very well designed with a Præfericulum, or other Sacrificing Vessel, in his Right Hand: These are all very curiously wrought in Bass-Relieve, and were made in Molds, of which I saw one in the Learned and Ingenious Dr. Woodward's Musæum at Gresham-College. Here is also one of the dark coloured Clay, with a Heart upon it; and another with a Capricorn.

Here is also deposited another Sort of Roman Bricks, that I discovered in my Survey of this Parish, amongst the Ruins of Kirkstall-Abbey, which come somewhat nearer those mentioned by Vitruvius, being eight Inches broad, and almost double the Length: Here are also lesser Tiles (or Chequered Pavements) three Inches square, that I had from the same Place, and from Burrow-bridge near Isurium; but some of the like Dimensions (or rather larger) that were found at Leedes, seem by the Painting upon them to be of a later Date, though now obsolete. In the same Abbey I observed another Sort of Bricks, of the Shape of those now in use, but much larger, being near 11 Inches in Length, and five in Breadth, yet but two in Thickness. These seem to have been laid when the Monastery was builded, which being about the Year 1147, shows the great Antiquity of Bricks in these Parts, they being in use about 550 Years ago. By that which a Servant brought me thence, they appear to be strictly of the same Length and Breadth with those in the Wall of London; as the very accurate Dr. Woodward hath described them (p. 17. of the before-mentioned Letter), only these being rather older than that Additional Work (built probably about K. John's Time) upon the Foundation of the Roman Wall of that City, are thinner by half an Inch, being therein more like those of the Romans.